• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.283-293
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• 2005

Our previous study showed that a novel synthetic shikonin derivative, 6-(1-hydroxyimino-4-methylpentyl)5,8-dimethyoxy 1,4-naphthoquinone S-52 (DMNQ S-52) induced apoptosis. In the present study, we investigated its anti-metastatic activities as compared with shikonin because DMNQ S-52 was synthesized for overcoming weak points of shikonin such as high toxicity, low solubility and deleterious effects. DMNQ S-52 showed the weaker cytotoxicity $(IC_{50};\;12.3{\pm}1.6\;{\mu}M)$ against Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells than that of shikonin $(IC_{50};\;4.2{\pm}1.1\;{\mu}M)$. DMNQ S-52, at non-toxic concentrations $(less\;than\;10\;{\mu}M)$, significantly inhibited the invasion and migration of LLC cells. DMNQ S-52 also significantly inhibited the production of MMP-9, MTl-MMP and uPAR. Moreover, daily i.p. administration of DMNQ S-52 at dose of 5 mg/kg in mice resulted in a potent inhibition of the primary tumor size of LLC in the lung as well as the metastasis of lymph nodes. These findings suggest that the DMNQ S-52 has therapeutic potential to inhibit metastasis via inhibition of MMP family and uPA/plasminogen system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.146-150
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• 1999

On the advent of digital era, ECDIS has emerged as a new navigation aid that should result in significant benefits to safe navigation. More than simply a graphics display, ECDIS is a new concept navigation system capable of providing integrated information of geographical and texual data. As an official vector data for ECDIS, ENC consists of spatial and feature data to describe objects in form of points, lines and areas. IHO published International Standards for ENC, such as S-52(Specification for Chart Content and Display Aspects of ECDIS and S-57(IHO Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data). This paper deals with the implementation of an EUC representation system which meets S-52 presentation specification and S-57 transfer standards by analyzing S-57 data structures and converting then to an appropriate internal data structures and representing them onto screen adopting S-52 presentation specification.

• Journal of Naturopathy
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.26-32
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• 2021

Purpose: At acupoint pressure, the pressing direction of all acupoints is usually vertical. However, it is not clear whether the vertical direction is toward the belly button or the body's center in the BL52. In this study, the effective direction of acupressure was studied by measuring the pressure pain threshold according to the direction of acupressure in 30 subjects. Methods: The distance from the subject's GV4 to the left and right BL52 and the distance from GV4 to the navel were measured, and then using the ellipse where the left and right BL52 of GV4 pass through the navel, the angles of the navel direction and the body's center were calculated in the left and right BL52. The pressure at the time when the subjects felt pain while pressing the BL52 in two directions was used as the acupressure pain threshold. The pain threshold was measured 3 times at 3 minute intervals on the left and right BL52s of the subject. Results: The acupressure pain threshold measured in the left and right BL52 of the subjects was significantly decreased when pressed toward the trunk center (p < .05). In BL52, it was more sensitive to pressure when the direction of pressure is toward the body's center. Conclusions: Acupressure therapy of acupoint is more sensitive to external stimuli than the surrounding. In this study, acupressure directed toward the trunk center is more efficient than toward the belly button in BL52.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.469-478
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• 2000

On the advent of digital era, ECDIS has emerged as a new navigation aid that should result in significant benefits to safe navigation. More than simply a graphics display, ECDIS is a new concept navigation system capable of providing integrated information of geographical and texual data. As an official vector data for ECDIS, ENC consists of spatial and feature data to describe objects in form of points, lines and areas. IHO published International Standards for ENC, such as S-52(Specification for Chart Content and Display Aspects of ECDIS) and S-57(IHO Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic Data). This paper deals with the implementation of an ENC representation system which meets S-52 presentation specification and S-57 transfer standards by analyzing S-57 data structures and converting them to an appropriate internal data structures and representing them onto screen adopting S-52 presentation specification.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.471-477
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• 2008

The porcine PRKAG3 (RN) gene encodes the regulatory gamma subunit of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which is a good candidate gene affecting meat quality. In this study, the effects of two missense mutations A595G (Ile199Val) and G154A (Gly52Ser) in porcine PRKAG3 gene on meat quality traits were studied in M. Longissimus dorsi (LD), M. Semispinalis capitis (SC) and M. Biceps femoris (BF) from different populations of 326 pigs. The PRKAG3 alleles 199I, 199IV, 52S and 52G were identified with PCR-RFLPs and all genotypes - 199I/199I, 199I/199V, 199V/199V, 52S/52S, 52S/52G and 52G/52G - were found. The frequency of V allele was larger than that of I allele in all populations. I allele frequency was zero in Chinese Meishan pigs (population D) especially. G allele frequency was larger than that of S allele in all populations except Large White (population A). Both variations at the PRKAG3 locus significantly affected these meat quality traits. The pork meat quality has not previously been established in Meishan or crosses thereof. The results suggested that generally pH of LD, SC and BF was higher in Meishan pigs than that in other populations. Moreover, Meishan pigs showed higher water-holding capacity and intramuscular fat (IMF), lower water content and water loss percentage compared to other populations in terms of the two variations. The results present here supply new evidence that alleles V199I and G52S at the PRKAG3 locus affect pork meat quality and provide useful information on pork production.

• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.86
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• pp.52-52
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• 2010

• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.81
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• pp.52-52
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• 2010

• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.73
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• pp.52-52
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• 2009

• Monthly Duck's Village
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• s.186
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• pp.52-52
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• 2018

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.52-52
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• 1999