• Title/Summary/Keyword: S & T policy

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The Green Growth Policy of the Lee Myung-bak Government: Policy Integration Perspectives for System Transition

  • Seong, Jieun
    • STI Policy Review
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.11-24
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    • 2011
  • S&T policy has been traditionally regarded as a sector policy; however, it is now evolving into an infrastructure innovation policy that forms the foundation of diverse types of policies. Simultaneously, environmental and energy policies formerly considered as sector policies are now being expanded and integrated into a higher level policy for sustainable development. With these changes underway, the importance of policy integration has increased. Efforts are being made to minimize contradictions between environmental, social, and innovation policies that emphasize proactive linkage among policies or place the highest priority on environmental policy following the theory of Environmental Policy Integration (EPI). Confronted with these policy changes, the Lee Myung-bak government announced "Low-Carbon Green Growth" in 2008 as national agenda for development that focus attention on environmental and energy issues. Economic policy and environmental policy have been traditionally seen in a conflicting relationship with different paths of policy development. However, the administration of President Lee is now emphasizing the synergy effects between the environment and economic growth with the concept of green growth. The green growth policy of the Korean government has great significance as it has built a momentum for incorporating social goals such as environmental values or sustainable development into economic growth-oriented policies; however, there remain many challenges due to the legacy of the development period that has dominated Korean society. The Korean government says it reflects "EPI" or "environmentalism" in policy goals; however, in reality it prioritizes development over the environment.

Chinese Policy to Stimulate University-Industry Linkages in Nanjing

  • Su, De-Jin;Sohn, Dong-Won;Sohn, Sunwoo
    • STI Policy Review
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    • v.4 no.2
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    • pp.74-95
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    • 2013
  • Rapid changes in the economic, social and academic environments often provide opportunities to develop new and advanced technologies. In China, recent literature on the role of universities suggests that university-industry linkages (UILs) play a substantial role in the development of high-tech industries. Since 1979 when the country became more open and underwent economic reform, Chinese central authorities, local governments, and universities have continued to set up various science and technology (S&T) policies to stimulate UILs, contributing to China's technological progress and economic growth. This study examines the role of S&T policies on UILs such as transfer of technology, joint research, and spin-off creation with a particular focus on Nanjing University (NJU) in Jiangsu Province. Nanjing has over 53 universities, ranking it behind Beijing and Shanghai in terms of S&T and higher education opportunities. By adopting "institutional methodology," this study contends that UILs not only benefit universities and industry but also society in terms of job training, consulting activities, joint research, R&D results commercialization, patent licensing, new business creation, and other aspects. Finally, we suggest that the Chinese experience, though with some problems, might enhance our understanding of how to stimulate UILs through the arrangement of various S&T policies.

Challenges in Green Innovation Policy after the Fukushima Nuclear Accident

  • Wada, Tomoaki
    • STI Policy Review
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.135-161
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    • 2013
  • This paper examines Japan's Science and Technology (S&T) Basic Plans in accordance with its S&T Basic Law. The Basic Plans promote two major innovation (Green Innovation and Life Innovation) towards the creation of new markets and jobs, specifically under the Fourth S&T Basic Plan enacted on August 2011. Successful smart community demonstration projects at four urban localities were launched under plans to promote Green Innovation research and development of renewable energy technologies. However, the expectation that renewable energy such as solar or wind power can replace nuclear power is not backed by sufficient evidence. Furthermore, the electricity produced by these sources is expensive and unstable owing to its reliance on weather conditions. The Fukushima nuclear power plant accident on March 2011 has also seriously affected Japan's future energy plans. According to a government estimate, electricity charges would double if nuclear power generation were abandoned, imposing a heavy burden on the Japanese economy. Japan is in need of energy policies designed on the basis of more far-sighted initiatives.

S&T Policy Trend Using Language Network Analysis: Focusing on Science and Technology Basic Plan

  • Kim, Yun Jong;Jeong, Dae-hyun;Oh, Hyunchul
    • Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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    • v.6 no.2
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    • pp.111-137
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    • 2017
  • This study analyzes a language network of Science and Technology Basic Plan, which is the basis for science and technology policy in Korea, for the next Science and Technology Basic Plan. Language network analysis was adopted for a quantitative approach measuring the trend of policies. Several techniques such as keyword analysis, language network map analysis, quantitative characteristics analysis and keyword-related major-word analysis have been performed. Results show that there are common policies emphasized by all Science and Technology Basic Plans in the past, and there are also specific policies emphasized in each period of the Science and Technology Basic Plan. These specific policies come from a 'change of times' when the Science and Technology Basic Plans were established, as well as the philosophy of the national government.

Analysis on the Policy Network in the Defense Industry Exportation Support Policy: Focusing on the Success of the T-50 Exportation to Indonesia (방산수출 지원정책에 관한 정책네트워크 연구: T-50 인도네시아 수출 성공사례를 중심으로)

  • Jun, Jongho
    • Journal of Technology Innovation
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    • v.24 no.1
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    • pp.113-142
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    • 2016
  • T-50 exportation to Indonesia embodied an objective of governmental policy and became a catalyst accelerating the exportation of domestic defense industries. Defense industry exportation is recognized as a new growth engine creating economic interests and it became an important policy of the government. This study will suggest an effective direction for the support policy of the defense industry exportation through analysis on factors behind the success of the T-50 exportation to indonesia in the view of policy network. Policy network theory has its efficacy and workability in analyzing what kind of results are yielded from each policy actor's attributes and their interaction during the execution and establishment of the support policy for the defense exportation. The type of policy network of the T-50 exportation to Indonesia was a policy community. Many governmental ministries, defense industry which is the group of interest, and experts from the research institutes have established the Korea Defense Trade Support Center(KODITS) for accomplishing common policy goal with mutually shared sentiment, and sought for a strategy for the success of the defense industry exportation having official and unofficial meeting centering around the KODITS. Although there were oppositions and conflicts among major actors, though forming a cooperative relationship among majority of the actors, policy-wise decision making for the exportation of the T-50 to Indonesia was efficiently carried out. The cooperative relationship was the key in the success of the T-50 exportation. Considering that the policy community from cooperative mutual interaction is efficient in reaching the goal of the defense industry exportation support policy, this study suggests operating government-wise temporary Task Force(TF) to succeed in big exportation projects such as the T-X exportation to the U.S. In addition, institutional and procedural supplementation such as regular meetings among the head of related governmental ministries and etc. are required in order to enhance the mutually cooperative relationship withing the TF.

Scientific Misconduct as an International Issue - New OECD project and its implication to national policy -

  • Hideki IWABUCHI
    • Science & Technology Policy
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    • v.16 no.1 s.157
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    • pp.64-71
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    • 2006
  • Fabrication, falsification, plagiarism (so-called FFP), and other unethical acts damage the trust of public in science and scientists. Scientific communities, governments and research institutions should take the appropriate countermeasures. With the increasing visibility and importance of problem, funding agencies and policy-makers find that they must have a better understanding of this phenomenon, and take steps to prevent it. Science is often said as a borderless activity. In these days, many scientific misconduct cases have been emerging almost simultaneously and worldwide. Thus, the immediate actions should be taken internationally as well as nationally. From these points of view, we, Japan, proposed a new international joint-study at OECD Global Science Forum in February 2006, and the proposal was approved with supports by many countries including Korea. OECD would seek an international perspective to address this worldwide problem, bringing together the representatives of science communities, publishers, funding agencies, and policy makers, and exchanging their experiences.

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The Concepts and Issues of Societal Innovation Policy

  • Song, Wichin
    • STI Policy Review
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    • v.2 no.2
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    • pp.1-9
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    • 2011
  • Innovation Policy has evolved to solve social problems through technological innovation. Industrial innovation policy promotes technological innovation so that it consolidates industrial competitiveness and aims at economic growth; however, societal innovation policy promotes technological innovation in the social service domain to improve the quality of life and strengthen sustainability. A different policy regime is required because the objectives and directions of societal innovation policy are different from those of industrial innovation policy. This report consolidates the concepts and characteristics of societal innovation policy that suggest policy options.

Science Policy Towards the 21st Century (21세기 대비 기초과학정책의 방향)

  • 송충한
    • Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.262-274
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    • 1998
  • The national goals of basic science and technology Policy toward the 21st century are as follows ; first, advancement of knowledge second, production of the excellent scientists and engineers third, contribution to the economic growth and to the improvement of the quality of life. The strategies for reaching the national goals of basic S&T are as follows ; \circled1 enhance the government funding in basic S&T research, \circled2 enforce the connection between research and education, \circled3 extent S&T linkage internationally, \circled4 introduce the priority criteria among the research fields, \circled5 increase the effectiveness of government R& D expenditure.

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A Study on the Development of Legal Deposit System for National S&T Information Policy (과학기술정보 유통정책 효율화를 위한 납본제도 개선연구)

  • Yoon, Chong-Min
    • Journal of Information Management
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    • v.36 no.2
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    • pp.99-124
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    • 2005
  • In order to effectively establish the national S&T information system that consists of essential element in national competitiveness, it is necessary to make institutional devices for systematically and comprehensively collecting, managing and distributing S&T information resources at the national level. This paper aims to seek for alternatives to improve the legal deposit system, one of the institutional devices, on the basis of reviewing the existing laws and regulations.

A Model for a Continuous State System with (s,S) Repair Policy

  • Park, Won-J.;Kim, Eui-Yong;Kim, Hong-Gie
    • Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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    • v.25 no.1
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    • pp.111-122
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    • 1996
  • A model for a system whose state changes continuously with time is introduced. It is assumed that the system is modeled by a Brownian motion with negative drift and an absorbing barrier at the origin. A repairman arrives according to a Poisson process and repairs the system according to an (s,S) policy, i.e., he increases the state of the system up to S if and only if the state is below s. A partial differential equation is derived for the distribution function of X(t), the state of the system at time t, and the Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the distribution function is obtained by solving the partial differential equation. For the stationary case the explicit expression is deduced for the distribution function of the stationary state of the system.

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