• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.319-329
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• 1989

The present paper mainly cocerns, in social aspect of the cultural change, with how cholik was introduced and accepted in $Kory\v{o}$ dynasty. It was through cultural transmission in political relations with Won dynasty that $ch\v{o}$ lik was first listed on our own costume system in later $Kory\v{o}$ dynasty. The acceptance by $Kory\v{o}$ society can be interpreted as the twofold effects; positively, it enriched our costume system and, negatively, it brought about various conflicts, which in turn caused some unwelcome reactions. Once it had permeated into $Kory\v{o}$ culture. it could not avoid being changed by social conditions. The changing process can be defined as the dual cycles of fashion. The first one startd at mid peroid of $Kory\v{o}$ when King $Chung-ry\v{o}$l provided a law to wear the $W\v{o}n$ costume and. ended at larter $Kory\v{o}$ of King Kong-min's reign. The second cycle rose in the period between King Sejong's reign and late $Chos\v{o}n$. Each of the two cycles appeared to have its own characteristics; 1. The first cycle. 1) In spite of the long period of a century, the cycle was very abrupt both in development and decline. 2) The abrupt pattern of the cycle can be attributed to the nation-wide law provided by the ruler. 2. The second cycle. 1) Compared with the first cycle, the curve was rather slow. 2) The fashion originated from the hyperimitation of the government officials, since the costume was the royal gift by Chinese Emperor. 3) The main cause of the development of the fastion was the wars, rather than the public preference. 4) The main cause of the decline of the fashion was that it could no more differentiate the social status, that the wearer was laughed at by the Chinese, and that the long period of wearing the same dress stimulated the fashion psychology. 5) The increasing size of the costume rather decreased the very function of the costume.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.42-53
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• 2024

Mathematical modeling is the process of representing physical phenomena using equations, and it often describes various scientific phenomena through differential equations. Numerical analysis, which is capable of approximating solutions to partial differential equations representing physical phenomena, is widely utilized. However, in high-dimensional or nonlinear systems, computational costs can substantially increase, leading to potential numerical instability or convergence issues. Recently, Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have emerged as an alternative approach. A PINN leverages physical laws even with limited data to provide highly reliable predictive performance and can address the convergence issues and high computational costs associated with numerical analysis. This paper analyzes the weak signals, research trends, patent trends, and case studies of PINNs. On the basis of this analysis, it proposes directions for the development of PINN techniques in the agricultural field. In particular, the application of PINNs in agriculture is expected to be more effective than in other industries because of their ability to reflect real-time changes in biological processes. While the technology readiness level of PINNs remains low, the potential for model training with minimal data and real-time prediction capabilities suggests that PINNs could replace traditional numerical analysis models. It is anticipated that the research and industrial applications of PINN will develop at an increasing pace while focusing on addressing the complexity of mathematical models in agriculture, mathematical modeling and the application of various biological processes; securing key patents related to PINNs; and standardizing PINN technology in the field of agriculture.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.127-150
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• 2004

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to provide a basic structure for the establishment of the direction of school health programs, an overview of the historical changes of school health programs and their results, and a conceptual framework on school health programs. Methods: The data analysis has been done using a statistical almanac, relevant laws and regulations, operation handbook of the program, theses, reports, records of public hearings, and other reports as a technical research primarily based on evidence. The methodology of this research classifies the development and growth transition of school health programs during a historical period through the investigation of regulations, organization, manpower, and its program via its development process and to provide a basic tool to design a solid school health policy. Results: A The growth and development of school health programs The development of school health programs was classified into three different periods including the forthcoming period (1945~1967), the completion period (1967~1993), and the actualization period based on the establishment of legislation for School Health Law, other relevant legislation, and the contents of school health programs (1993~present). B. Policy direction of school health programs School health programs have reestablished their goals and range based on basic direction, and developed the W1it model of information structure for school health program management and its basic structure. Finally, the stepwise support system through the building of the school health support center is recommended. (1) The basic direction of school health programs has proposed 7 basic goals to reestablish the policy direction of health improvement based on total health. (2) The W1it model of information system and the school health information system for school health program management has been developed to utilize positive management. (3) School health policy through the study of the health laws and systems has been developed. The necessity of school health support center for the policy support, functional support and operation support has also been proposed. Conclusions: It is necessary to build a school health support center that consists of health professionals in charge of policy support, functional support, and program support of school health programs in order to realize and develop new policy.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.291-299
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• 2010

As recent advances in science, technology and performance requirements of the weapons system are getting highly diversified and complex, the performance requirements also get stringent and strict. Moreover, the weapons system should be intimately connected with other systems such as watchdog system, command and control system, C4I system, etc. However, a tremendous amount of time, cost and risk being spent to acquire new weapons system, and not being diminished compared to the rapid pace of its development speed. Defense Modeling and Simulation(M&S) comes into the spotlight as an alternative to overcoming these difficulties as well as constraints. In this paper, we propose the development process of virtual test framework based on the synthetic environment as a tool to analyze the effectiveness of the weapons system of underwater engagement model. To prove the proposed concept, we develop the test-bed of virtual test using Delta3D simulation engine, which is open source S/W. We also design the High Level Architecture and Real-time Infrastructure(HLA/RTI) based Federation for the interoperation with heterogeneous simulators. The significance of the study entails (1)the rapid and easy development of simulation tools that are customized for the Korean Theater of War; (2)the federation of environmental entities and the moving equations of the combat entities to manifest a realistic simulation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2017

In the present study, the low speed (4 km/h) crash behaviour of an aluminium bumper system was characterised by FE analyses based on the FMVSS 581, which regulates automotive bumpers. Two types of cross-sectional designs, i.e., Model 1, which contains a single rib and Model 2, double ribs, have been considered along with Al7021, 6082 and 6060 for the aluminium bumper back beam. Variations in thickness starting from 2 to 4 mm of the bumper system cross-section in the FE model was implemented in order to investigate the thickness effect on the bumper's crash behaviour.. Three kinds of design variables, namely, number of ribs, material and thickness, are considered. The FE analysis results are summarised with the maximum load and the Specific Energy Absorption (SEA) since they are the key factors in determining the crashworthiness of automotive structures. The results may also be able to indicate how to achieve lightweight structure of the automotive bumper system either directly or indirectly.

• Composites Research
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.350-355
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• 2017

The new liquid crystalline (LC) epoxy was designed by substituting the phenylcyclohexyl (PCH) mesogen moiety with an alkyl chain at the 2,5 position of the diglycidyl terephthalate. The mesomorphic properties were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM). All LC epoxy derivatives exhibited an enantiotropic smectic phase upon heating and cooling process. The LC phase temperature range was widened by mixing the eutectic mixture of LC epoxies. Interestingly, the cured LC epoxy exhibited the highest thermal conductivity of $0.4W{\cdot}m^{-1}{\cdot}K^{-1}$. The novel LC epoxy with high thermal conductivity might be used as a composite material for electronic and display devices.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.552-557
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• 2014

The objective of the This study is to access the speed performance employing the sea trial test and CFD with the our own designed and manufactured one-man boat. The overall design process including hull form design was explained. The sea trial was carried out with a manufactured boat in the clam sea. Brake power at the design speed of a boat through the sea trial was measured as 1680 W. The flow computation was conducted considering free surface and dynamic trim using a commercial CFD code(STAR-CCM+). The result of computation provided the information that residual resistance is bigger than fraction's at design speed. The total efficiency were predicted based on the sea trial and CFD. The Total efficiency was divided into shaft efficiency and quasi-propulsive efficiency. By using quasi-propulsive efficiency, it becomes possible to predict speed performance of boat in future. The results can provide information regarding hull form design, performance analysis and development of a boat in future.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.317-323
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• 1998

A synchronization is important element not only wire communication but also wireless communication. Especially, In SS(Spread Spectrum) communication method used GPS(Global Positioning System) synchronization is more important. A synchronous oscillator(SO) is a network which synchronizes, tracks, filter, amplifies and divides (if necessary) in a single process. Without an input signal, the SO is a free-running oscillator, oscillating at a frequency $w_0$, but phase changes $180^{\circ}$ within tracking range of SO. Therefore CPSO was used for this problem. The coherent phase synchronous oscillator(CPSO) is created by adding two external loops to the SO and has a wider tracking bandwidth and a zero-offset phase response (coherent) while maintaining the SO properties of high signal-to-rejection and fast frequency acquisition times. Therefore phase between input signal and output signal is synchronized. In this paper, GPS data recovery circuit has applied CPSO using front reference characters and has certified an excellent data recovery capability.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.119-130
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• 2019

In a situation in which rural areas are declining, local governments are seeking to revitalize areas by place marketing. Place marketing, defined by various efforts to promote the image of a place, has been used as an economic tool. As a result, the image has been over-promoted and marketing has been driven in a perfunctory manner, so individual residents' lives and experiences have been ignored. Thus, in addition to the traditional types of cultural place marketing and economic place marketing, this study established a 'project for rural revitalization of Hwayang-eup' so that it could be applied to political place marketing aimed at inducing internal investment and improving the welfare of local residents. To implement this project, the concept was set up as building network organization, sustainable development and symbiotic relationship, and various H/W and S/W plans were developed. First of all, in terms of political place marketing, the Hwaeyang Oulim Center was constructed to strengthen the capacity of local autonomous organizations. In terms of cultural place marketing, we explored cultural resources at the village level and created a small community space. In terms of economic place marketing, the landscape around the main street and the township was reorganized to create a cultural business space for urban and rural exchanges. The reinterpretation of place marketing seen through this project was first, it was more process-oriented than results, second, it was important to induce the community-participating village-making project, and finally, the role of experts was important to expand the community movement.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.428-442
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• 2023

In this study, we have a goal to develop usability evaluation guidelines for heuristic-based artificial intelligence-based Software as a Medical Device (SaMD) in the medical field. We conducted a gap analysis between medical hardware (H/W) and non-medical software (S/W) based on ten heuristic principles. Through severity assessments, we identified 69 evaluation domains and 112 evaluation criteria aligned with the ten heuristic principles. Subsequently, we categorized each evaluation domain into five types, including user safety, data integrity, regulatory compliance, patient therapeutic effectiveness, and user convenience. We proposed usability evaluation guidelines that apply the newly derived heuristic-based Software as a Medical Device (SaMD) evaluation factors to the risk management process. In the discussion, we also have proposed the potential applications of the research findings and directions for future research. We have emphasized the importance of the judicious application of AI technology in the medical field and the evaluation of usability evaluation and offered valuable guidelines for various stakeholders, including medical device manufacturers, healthcare professionals, and regulatory authorities.