• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.837-845
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• 2010

It has been shown that bilateral decrease of point H4,5,6 in Ryodoraku test is related with gastric dysmotility. This suggested that the system of Kyung-Rak related with anatomical gastric disease may not be the Stomach Meridian, in the view that the system of Kyung-Rak is similar to that of Ryodoraku, and which was not consistent with classical contents of Kyung-Rak principle. Therefore, this paper was done to investigate whether bilateral decrease of point H4,5,6 is a general sign of common gastric disease in Ryodoraku test and to study its relation between Kyung-Rak principle and autonomic nervous system as a mediator explaining Ryodoraku response. As shown in the results of this study, different electrical response of Ryodoraku between patients with dyspepsia of gastric dysmotility and gastric ulcer revealed discrepancy of location indicating anatomical stomach between Kyung-Rak principle and Ryodoraku and instability of explanation of autonomic nerve theory to Ryodoraku. Thus, it presented the possibility that artificial application of Kyung-Rak principle against Ryodoraku may destroy its originality in the clinical field. To correctly use Ryodoraku in the diagnosis or evaluation of disease, Ryodoraku test should be used according to Nakatani's suggestion and clinical indication of which is limited to the diseases complicated with dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.115-122
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to propose the utilization plan of Ryodoraku in the U-health care systems. Methods : Computerized literature searches were performed for Ryodoraku related articles using the following databases: KISS, RISS, DBPIA, NDSL from 1990 to Oct 2010. Search terms were '양도락' or 'Ryodoraku' or 'U-health'. Due to Ryodoraku coming from Japan, additional literature review(articles published by 2008) on Japanese journal of Ryodoraku medicine was done for compensation. Results : 1. Introduction of U-health : As rapid progress of population aging and strong interest in health, the demand for the traditional Korean medical service is increasing. Until now healthcare service has provided post treatment by face-to-face manner. But according to related researches, proactive treatment is resulted to be more effective for preventing diseases. Particularly, the existing healthcare services have limitations in preventing and managing chronic geriatric degenrative diseases such as metabolic syndrome, CVA, coronary heart diseases, parkinson's diseases, degenerative joint disease, spondylosis, etc., because the cause of the above is complex and even related to life habit. As the advent of ubiquitous technology, patients with the chronic geriatric degenrative diseases can improve life habit such as poor eating habits and physical inactivity without the constraints of time and space through u-healthcare service. Therefor, lots of researches for u-healthcare service focus on providing the personalized healthcare service for preventing and managing that. To cope with this situations, The concept of u-healthcare service should be adopted in the traditional korean medicine and diagnostic devices suitable for it should be also devised and developed based on traditonal korean medine. 2. Review of existing Ryodoraku related articles for applying to U-health : articles investigating feasibility applying Ryodoraku to meridian diagnosis and raising problems of it, articles providing recent research trends of Ryodoraku, Ryodoraku related articles considering usefulness for U-health, and articles confirming the repeatability and reproducity of Ryodoraku were included. Based on the review of the above Ryodoraku related articles, several application of Ryodoraku in the U-health care system. Conclusions : To make preparations for the increasing need of traditional Korean medicine due to rising morbidity rate of chronic geriatric degenerative diseases, it is necessary to appropriately apply Ryodoraku to the U-health care system. The application of Ryodoraku is as follows. 1. To use Ryodoraku additionally to the established diagnostic device of metabolic syndrome, CVA, coronary heart diseases, parkinson's diseases, degenerative joint disease, spondylosis. 2. To apply Ryodoraku to the symptoms or diseases having a tendency to be diagnosed by correlation between the affected meridian and the lesion such as headache, nuchal pain, shoulder pain, low back pain, sciatica, HNP, etc. 3. To secure the repeatability and reproducity of Ryodoraku. 4. To devise and develop Ryodoraku appliance in order to overcome the known drawbacks and to improve error of measurement.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.76-82
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• 2009

Objectives: Ryodoraku diagnosis has been used frequently since Nakatani invented it in 1950. There are many papers about how to use Ryodoraku diagnosis in many diseases, but there are no studies about the repeatability and reproducibility of the Ryodoraku score. The aim of this study was to investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of the Ryodoraku score. Materials and Methods: There were four examiners who trained for more than a month, and the number of subjects was twenty. Each of the examiners made Ryodoraku diagnosis for ten subjects three times. We analyzed data by SPSS, used Friedman test, Wilcoxon signer rank test and Spearman correlation test. Results: 1. There was no significant difference between first, second, and third Ryodoraku score by Friedman test in examiners A, B, C, and D, so there was repeatability. 2. There was very high correlation on first, second, third Ryodoraku score by Spearman correlation test in examiners A, B, C, and 0, so there was repeatability. 3. There was high ICC among Ryodoraku score by examiners B, C, and D, so there was reproducibility. 4. After observing four examiners' Ryodoraku diagnoses, we could see the discord of measure points, the amount of hydration before examination, the amount of pressure, examination time, or positions of subjects diagnosed with Ryodoraku incorrectly. Conclusion: There is repeatability and reproducibility of Ryodoraku diagnosis. However, it is still important that one examiner carry out the diagnosis if possible. When there are two or more examiners, they should train extensively and follow manuals.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.259-277
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate two subjects: the diagnostic value of bilateral lowering of electrical activity at point H4,5,6 of Ryodoraku and the mechanism for Ryodoraku phenomena. Methods : Electrical activities of Ryodoraku test and electrogastrography recorded simultaneously and monitored continuously from 16 cases of functional dyspeptic patients were collected and their variations were grouped by the topics of discussion which were peculiarity, stability, lagging, alterability, and anomaly. Ryodoraku recordings obtained from 6 patients with different gastrointestinal diseases and 1 normal healthy person were used as control. The results are discussed with Nakatani's suggestion, theory of sympathetic nerve and Meridian Principle, respectively. Finely, coincidence of stomach arrangement between anatomy and meridian system in Ryodoraku was also evaluated. Results : Time-course variation showed a regular relationship between the typical pattern of Ryodoraku at point H4,5,6 and gastric myoelectrical activity. However, an irregular relationship and atypical pattern of Ryodoraku occasionally appeared. A literature search suggested that electrical response at the Ryodoraku point H4,5,6 may be dependent on an afferent sympathetic spinal reflex transmitted from the stomach. However, there was no evidence for making clear whether bilateral lowering of electrical activity at this point was induced by hypofunction of local sympathetic nerve in the skin itself or of signals transmitted from the gastric sympathetic nerve or not. The coincidence of 19% could not provide a visceral arrangement of the stomach between anatomy and meridian systems. Conclusions : Bilateral lowering of electrical activity at Ryodoraku point H4,5,6 has value as a diagnostic index for gastric dysmotility of functional dyspepsia. This phenomenon is associated with spinal reflex transmitted from the afferent sympathetic nerve in the stomach but not that of meridian function.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2017

Objectives: To interpret the meanings of Ryodoraku data and to use it as diagnosis tool, study on relationship between Ryodoraku and autonomic nervous reaction (ANR) has to be preceded prior to disease studies. This study aims to observe the change of Ryodoraku characteristics with ANR caused by treadmill exercise via a feasibility study. Methods: The electric current at 24 Ryodoraku points(H1~H6 at left/right wrists and F1~F6 at left/right feet) and vital signs were measured at rest, immediately after the treadmill exercise test, and at later recovery times(10min, 20min, 30min, 60min, 120min after the exercise test). The calculated Ryodoraku scores (RSs) were analyzed using repeated ANOVA test. Results: The RSs in the wrist Ryodoraku points were significantly increased immediately after the exercise (p<.05) and at 10min recovery time (p<.01), and no significant differences were found during the rest of the experimental sets. To the contrary, the RSs in the feet Ryodoraku points showed less difference throughout all the measurement time. Conclusions: The Ryodoraku characteristics change more sensitively in the wrists than in the feet in accordance with the previously reported sweat gland responses of the treadmill exercise. This is the first feasibility study to observe the change of Ryodoraku characteristics caused by treadmill exercise, and it shows the Ryodoraku characteristics are in accordance with known ANS responses.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.135-140
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the repeatability and reproducibility of the Ryodoraku acupuncture device. For such device to be accepted as a good apparatus for clinical diagnosis, the score it provides should be stable no matter who measure it or when it is measured, assuming all other conditions equal. Materials and Methods : Three oriental medical doctors who were well trained and fully aware of the usage of the Ryodoraku acupuncture device examined ten randomly selected patients three times. Each doctor measured the Ryodoraku scores three times from each of the 10 selected patients. Three doctors were involved in this experiment to investigate the reproducibility and each of them measured the Ryodoraku scores three times from each patient to investigate the repeatability. Data was analyzed with Friedman test, Spearman correlation test, and intra-class correlation coefficient(ICC) in SPSS ver. 18. Results : 1. The Friedman test showed that there is no statistically significant difference between the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Ryodoraku scores measured by the same examiner. It indicates that the Ryodoraku acupuncture device provides the repeatability. 2. Spearman correlation test confirmed the results obtained by the Fiedman test by showing that there exists a strong positive correlation between the three Ryodoraku scores measured by the same examiner. 3. A very high ICC among the three examiner assured that the Ryodoraku acupuncture device achieves the reproducibility. Conclusions : The Ryodoraku acupuncture device achieves the repeatability and reproducibility. However, we still recommend that a doctor trained to a certain level use the Device to carry out the diagnosis. Also, to improve the device in terms of Reproducibility even more, it should be considered to provide a manual for the exact usage.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.69-83
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• 2005

Background and purpose: The purpose of this study is to review the recent achievements on ryodoraku and suggest new ryodoraku studies. Methods: The study papers related with ryodoraku, published in foreign countries and Korea up to the present, were collected first by internet search & journal. And then the collected papers were classified and summarized. Results and Conclusion: There are three study trends. One is finding some effect and analysis for some symptoms, another is finding a distinguishing mark and a diagnostic index, and the other is raising several points & providing solution & studying about relativity with another diagnosis. Some studies finding some effect and analysis for some symptoms are to be classified into four items(1. effect of drugs medication. 2. effect of ryodoraku therapy. 3. effect of other treatments. 4. effect of other treatments with ryodoraku therapy). Other studies finding a distinguishing mark and a diagnostic index are to be classified into two items(1. diagnostic index of symptoms. 2. distinguishing mark of disease). The other studies are to be classified into three items(1. ryodoraku introduction and raising several points at issue. 2. improvement machinery and tools. 3. studying about relativity with another diagnosis). Finally we need solving the ryodoraku problems(the condition of measurement and reproducibility, relation with Kyung-rak(經絡) and Ryodoraku, the reason of Ryodoraku points producing and etc.).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.9-15
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was done for reporting the effect of moxibustion therapy on Ryodoraku score of the patients with degenerative arthritis of knee joint. Methods : We investigated 65 cases of patients with degenerative arthritis of knee joint, and devided patients into two groups : One group treated by moxibustion therapy, which was not applied to the other group we analyzed of each group the Ryodoraku score(F1, F6) of each group before and after moxibustion therapy and compared it. Results : 1. In moxibustion therapy group compared with baseline, at final, Ryodoraku score(F1, F6) was significantly increased. 2. At final, moxibustion therapy group showed significant increase on Ryodoraku score(F1, F6) score compared with non moxibustion therapy group. Conclusions : It is suggested that Ryodoraku score(F1, F6) should be available for diagnosing degenerative arthritis of knee joint.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.161-167
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• 2013

Objectives : This study was done for comparing the result of Sasang constitution diagnosis using portable Ryodoraku and that of self-report questionare for Sasang constitution classification II QSCC II. Methods : We investigated 41 cases to collect the data. we analyzed the result of portable Ryodoraku and self-report(QSCC II). Results : 1. The degree of agreement between those results from portable Ryodoraku and QSCC II was statistically significant. 2. The dgree of agreement between those results from portable Ryodoraku and QSCC II was statistically significant in male and female. Conclusions : It is suggested that portable Ryodoraku should be available for diagnosing Sasang constitution.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.145-154
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• 2009

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristic of ryodoraku in the chronic low back pain patients who visited department of oriental rehabilitation medicine. Methods : Subjects were 32 patients who visited department of oriental rehabilitation medicine(<60 years old). The low back pain patients were measured points of twelve meridians by ryodoraku diagnosis and checked the duration of low back pain. We compared the mean ryodoraku and the percentage of each points beyond the physiological range. Results : The score of H1(LU9), H2(PC7), H3(HT7), H5(TE4) and F5(GB40) had statistical differences compared with mean ryodoraku. And the correlation between duration of pain and mean ryodoraku showed statistically significant negative correlation(r=-0.353). Conclusions : These results suggest that ryodoraku maybe used to evaluate chronic low back pain patients.