• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.15-21
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• 2005

This study is to trace the change of stream shape using the past series of aerial photographs, and to compare the land use changes of riparian area along the stream. For the Gyeongan national stream, aerial photographs of 1966, 1981 and 2000 were selected and ortho-photographs were made with interior orientation and exterior orientation, respectively. Apparent changes of the stream were found that the consolidated reaches of stream by levee construction became straight together with widening of their stream widths. Especially the stream width of inlet part of Paldang lake widened almost twice because of the rise of water level by dam construction in 1974. The land use of riparian areas of three selected years were classified into six categories (water, forest, agricultural land, urban area, road, sandbar) by digitizing method. The forest and agricultural lands decreased and urban area increased as the stream maintenance had been performed.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.89-98
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• 1996

This study was conducted to evaluate the relationships between the geotechnical properties and the CBR values of the subgrade materials used in the rural roal construction. A total of 77 Soil samples was investigated and tested from 45 agricultural and industrial sites in Kyungpook Province. The results obtained are as follows : 1. The maximum dry densities of the coarse grained soils are larger than those of the fine grained soils. The optimum moisture contents of the coarse grained soils are smaller than those of the fine grained scils. 2. The mean values of the medified CBR values of the soils classified by the USCS, are decreased in the order of GP-GM, SW-SM, GM, SC, SP-SM, ML, CL-ML. And, those classified by the AASHTO are decreased in the order of A-i-a, A-i-b, A-2-4, A-3, A-4, A-6, A-7-6. 3. As passing percentage of No.200 sieve is increased, the CBR Value of soils is decreased gradually. 4. As the optimum moisture contents of the soil is increased, the CBR values is decresed the maximum dry density of the soils increased, the CBR values increased. 5. The CBR values are decreased as Group-lndex(GI) are increased. And Activity(A) is showed no relation with the CBR values. 6. The relation ships between the modified CBR value and standand proctor compaction CBR value at 95% compaction ratio can he expressed as the following equation : Y(CERmod)= 2.3638 + 0.8922X(CBR25).

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.31-47
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• 2005

This study is to inspect and analyse the historical background, spacial organization and architectural features about the traditional government office building of Gangwon Gamyoung(the supreme local government office of Gangwondo in Chosun dynasty). The results are as follows. - Gangwon Gamyoung was located at the center of Gangwondo in consideration of distance to each small local office. And also it was located in consideration of geographical connection between Hanseong(today's Seoul). - The spatial organization of Gamyoung was divided into the three parts of entrance space, government office building space and backyard space. The entrance space was composed of three gates(Pojungru-Jungsammun-Naesammun). The government office building Space was consisted of business and living building as center of Sunhwadang(the main office building). And the backyard space was composed of Yonji(pond), Jungja(bower), and so on - The way to enter the space of Gamyoung follows the order from Pojungru(the first & outer main gate with a bower), Jungsammun(the second & intermediate gate), Naesammun(the third & inner gate) to Sunhwadang at last. - There were a beautiful Yonji(pond) which to be rectangular type and to have a round island with Bongraegak(bower) at Gamyoung backyard, the drain conduit and pedestrian road covered with pebble in the ground.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.67-76
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• 1995

The actual condition of farmstead, mainly livestock facility, was surveyed in ChungChongBukDo in order to find out factors and problems of farmstead planning design. From the data collected, a type, plot, size and scope of farmstead, relationship of house and farmstead, topography, climate, proprietor's opinion on them were analyzed or obtained as the basic design criteria for planning: designs. The best type of farmsteads was individual farm having livestock facilities. They were mostly breeding a kind of livestock without their plan and Bone planning at residing area. The south aspect of the facility was extremely much and slope of the land was mostly 15。 below. Wind blows from East-South in summer and winter wind are West-North extremely much. Sun heat was mostly above 6 hours. In the case of collective and composite farmstead, proprietors wanted that a head of cow has 1,000-3,000 pyeong, the area of facility has 1,500-2,000 pyeong, total area of farmstead has 45,000-400,000 pyeong and an estimated expense is 0.2 - 1.5 billion won. Farmstead planning design was proposed through field survey results and contents of'references. Examples of farmstead planning design were composite and concentrated type and existed according to the situation of road(North, South, East, and West).

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2003

Urban air quality is usually worse than that of rural counterpart. The contrasting atmospheric properties seem to be direct result of different urban-rural air pollutant emission. Hence, the emission estimation of air pollutants plays an important role to the atmospheric environmental management. The main purpose of this study is to find out the temporal and spatial distribution of air pollutant emission in Daegu area. For the study, the Daegu statistical yearbook and data of waste facilities and the report on traffic survey issued by Daegu metropolitan city and the statistical yearbook on the road capacity issued by the ministry of construction and transportation are used. Each item for the emission estimation is $SO_2$, CO, HC, $NO_x$, PM-10 from point, line and area source. The result were as follow; (1) The air pollutants with the highest amount of emission from the emission source is CO followed by $NO_x$, $SO_2$, PM-10, HC in descending order of magnitude. (2) The annually totaled air pollutant emission consists of 81%(73,185 ton/year) of line, 11%(9,589% ton/year) of area and 8%(7,445 ton/year) of point source in Daegu. Air polluant emission was mainly due to line sources. (3) High-emission of the air pollutants of line source appeared ariond Bukgu, Dalseonggun, Dongu and Seogu ; the areas with highway networks.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.31-42
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• 2004

Although the coastal area of Jeju has already been developed, it has high pressure and demands for development continually increasing due to the increase of tourism and leisure activities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to present objective guidance for the planning of the buildings on the seaside road with a view which have the largest impact on coastal landscape in order to enhance its visual quality. The results of this study are as follows : 1) It is chief element to make guidance for the use and planning of buildings in the conservation of the coastal landscape. 2) The D/H ratios which immediately influence an angle of elevation are different one another for the whole street. To ensure a sense of openness for the landscape, it is needed to maintain under $27^{\circ}$ angle of elevation, which demands 1~3 D/H ratio. 3) It is important to make 2.4 visual blockage ratio for whole street, but the actual condition is 4.48 ratio on average. To bring down the visual blockage ratio, the W/D ratio needs to be regulated. 4) Various techniques are also needed for lively building styles going with coastal landscape.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.9 no.1 s.18
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• pp.19-26
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• 2003

This study investigated and analyzed the current status and operations of tourism farms in the Chuncheon area. By adopting the GIS, an analysis was made of whether the five old tourism farms utilized suitability and how they could open a new one in a suitability. The following results were drawn from the analysis of natural and social suitability factors and accessibility. Time requirements were analyzed taking into account that a majority of tourists came from Seoul and Gyeonggi, area. Four of the five tourism farms were within one hour travel, from these areas but it seemed impossible that they could be reached within one hour considering the actual road conditions and traffic. The natural and social suitability factors of a tourism farm were overlay-analyzed. The land of the first and second class that was considered to be suitable for a tourism farm was $17.12km^2$, which accounted for 1.38% of the entire area examined in the study and 11.50% of the entire agricultural land. The area that was evaluated to be suitable for a tourism farm will be able to attract new tourism farms in the future.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.155-165
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• 2013

PURPOSES : Benefits for improvement of travel time reliability obtained from construction of new highways should be considered as a major factor in the feasibility study for highway constructions. The purpose of this study is to develop a method of estimation for the value of travel time reliability. METHODS : Highway type (urban/rural highway) and traffic flow type(interrupted/uninterrupted) was considered to estimate he value of travel time reliability. And Double-bounded Dichotomous Choice among Contingent Valuation Method(CVM) was applied to survey the willingness-to-pay of drivers when travel time reliability is improved. Finally the value of travel time reliability was estimated using the results of survey and logit model. The value of travel time reliability was estimated considering travel objectives, time constraint travel and non-time constraint travel. RESULTS: The value of travel time reliability of business trip is higher than that of non-business trip. The value of travel time reliability of time constraint travel is higher than that of non-time constraint travel. The value of travel time reliability in urban area is higher than that in rural area. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that the proposed method in this study is more realistic and proper to estimate the value of travel time reliability because it reflects the situations of time constraint travel and non-time constraint travel.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2015

The study is to find regional characteristics of the old town of Jeju city, "Mu-gun-sung," through researches of the status of the spatial structure in the cul de sac roads of the area. In particular, the status and characteristics of the area are clearly defined with the typology of the cul de sac roads based on the urban renewal regulations. The results are listed as follows: First, there are buildings from various periods in the area. Second, it is comparatively analyzed that there are the similarities and differences in Collaborative Development based on a neighborhood plan in Japan and Korea which pursue conservative renewals of the cule de sac roads. Third, the status and characteristics of the area are clarified through the analysis of the types of the cul de sac roads.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to explore the factors affecting satisfaction of street-scape. According to this purpose, in chapter 2, by inspecting conservation of street environment and streetscape, deduce the frame for analyzing streetscape in commercial district. In chapter 3, analyzing present condition and problems of selected streets in Pohang City, derive the primary factors to induce desirable streetscape through problems and their reason between the analyzed elements of building form. Analyzed elements are composed pavement of road, street furniture, height of buildings, color and material of building and outdoor advertisements, etc. In chapter 4, by conducting a questionnaire survey of pedestrians about street images and the preference, propose the direction of improvement about streetscape in commercial district. As the study method, level of satisfaction was analyzed using the components of street-scape. The collected data was analyzed through Reliability Analysis, ANOVA, Factor Analysis, Regression Analysis. A regression analysis for deriving main factors affecting the satisfaction level of street-scape showed that signboard, sign color, width of street, paving materials, street furniture, open space were found to be the most important.