• 통상정보연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.447-470
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• 2012

원산지란 국제간의 교역에서 다루어지고 있는 모든 물품에 대한 국적을 나타내는 규정으로서 각국은 원산지 규정을 법 또는 제도로서 운영관리하며 산업재산권 보호차원에서 접근하고 있다. 최근 경제지도를 확대하기 위한 일환으로 확산되고 있는 FTA 협정에서 원산지규정은 매우 복잡한 절차와 이해를 필요로 하는 분야로 국가 간 협상의 최대 쟁점이 되고 있으며 우리나라의 경우 한 칠레 FTA를 시작으로 동시다발적으로 추진된 FTA 협정에서 원산지 기준은 각 협정별 차이로 인해 일관성이 결여되고 국가 간 협상이 쉽지 않은 분야이다. 특히 농업부문의 원산지 기준은 다른 재화와는 다른 농산물의 특성이 반영되어야 하며, 각 품목별 특성을 고려해야하는 분야이다. 기 체결된 협정문에서 다루어진 원산지 기준에 대한 충분한 검토와 품목별 비교를 통해 향후 추진되고 있는 FTA 협정체결과정에서 농업부문에 적용할 수 있는 시사점을 제공하는 것은 매우 큰 의미가 있다. 본 연구에서는 기체결 FTA 협정에서 농업부문의 원산지결정 기준에 대하여 칠레, 미국, ASEAN 그리고 EU와의 FTA 협정을 중심으로 검토하고 각각의 특징을 분석하여 향후 추진되는 FTA에서 활용될 수 있는 시사점을 제시하고자 한다.

• 수산경영론집
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.45-71
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• 2006

The main objective of this study is to analyze problems of the Country of Origin Labeling(COOL) in small live fish(SLF) trade by applying the asymmetric information theory which is called ${\ulcorner}$Lemon Market Theory${\lrcorner}$. The purpose of importing SLF is to enhance fishing household income and import substitution effect as well. SLF importation is quite different in its nature from importing general fish and fish products for final/direct consumption. SLF are imported for the purpose of domestic aquaculture and naturalization where domestic production/supply of SLF is less than domestic demand for or such species are not native to Korean waters. Information asymmetric problems arise even in SLF trade as the same way in general goods and services. However, the information asymmetry issues in SLF trade are much more complex than non-living goods because SLF are traded in the live state. To alleviate such problems the Korean government initiated the general COOL scheme to imported SLF. However, many experts argues that such policy on SLF would not be appropriate because of SLF's very nature. Applying the lemon market theory, we can analyze how information discovery schemes are able to signal correct information to SLF trading parties and to result in more symmetric information in SLF trade markets. This research carried out a case study about small live eel(SLF) trade and its farming. The results showed that applying the COOL to small live eels just right upon coming into fish farms tends to increase substantially fish farmer's income and at the same time to lower unnecessary transaction costs. In particular, such transaction costs by imposing simply the general COOL on SLF may easily outweigh its benefits. For instance, to resolve the problems, the Korean ministry of agriculture and forestry(KMAF) has developed a quite different COOL rules from the general ones and has applied them to imported live cattle and medium/small livestocks. The KMAF's differentiated COOL policy on some imported livestocks may be a good case which can be applied to imported SLF. In addition to the differentiated COOL on SLF, Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) and traceability system would play crucial complementary roles in alleviating information asymmetry problems in SLF trade. Advanced fisheries tend to strengthen their SPS system rather than to adopt the general comprehensive COOL schemes into imported SLF trades and domestic market exchanges.