• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.215-220
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• 2013

Against environmental stresses, many bacteria utilize the alternate sigma factor RpoS that induces transcription of the specific set of genes helpful in promoting bacterial survival. Intracellular levels of RpoS are determined mainly by its turnover through proteolysis of ClpXP protease. Delivery of RpoS to ClpXP strictly requires the adaptor protein RssB. The two-component-type response regulator RssB constantly interacts with RpoS, but diverse environmental changes inhibit this interaction through modification of RssB activity, which increases RpoS levels in bacteria. This review discusses and summarizes recent findings on regulatory factors in RssB-RpoS interactions, including IraD, IraM, IraP anti-adaptor proteins of RssB and phosphorylation of N-terminal receiver domain of RssB. New information shows that the coordinated regulation of RssB activity in controlling RpoS turnover confers efficient bacterial defense against stresses.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.14B no.1 s.111
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• pp.51-58
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• 2007

This paper suggests prototype of dialog system combining VXML(VoiceXML) that is the W3C's standard XML format for specifying interactive voice dialogues between human and computer, and RSS(RDF Site Summary or Really Simple Syndication) that is representative technology of semantic web for syndication and subscription of updated web-contents. Merits of the proposed system are as following: 1) It is a new method that recognize spoken contents using ire and wireless telephone networks and then provide contents to user via STT(Speech-to-Text) and TTS(Text-to-Speech) instead of traditional method using web only. 2) It can apply advantage of RSS that subscription of updated contents is converted to VXML without modifying traditional method to provide RSS service, 3) In terms of users, it can reduce restriction on time-spate in search of contents that is provided by RSS because it uses ire and wireless telephone networks, not internet environment. 4) In terms of information provider, it does not need special component for syndication of the newest contents using speech recognition and synthesis technology. We implemented a news service system using VXML and RSS for performance evaluation of the proposed system. In experiment results, we estimated the response time and the speech recognition rate in subscription and search of actuality contents, and confirmed that the proposed system can provide contents those are provided using RSS Feed.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.12B
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• pp.1491-1497
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• 2009

Existing methods to measure are based on ToA (Timer of Arrival), RSS (Received Signal Strength), AoA(Angle of Arrival) and other methods. In this paper, we propose a compensation of ToA and RSS methods to measure more precisely the distance of nodes. The comparison experiments with the traditional ToA method show that the average error value of proposed method is reduced 30%. We believe that this proposal can improve location estimation of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks.

• CELLMED
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.7.1-7.6
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• 2023

Raphanus sativus L. has been reported to have anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activity. However, the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of action of the Raphanus sativus L. seeds (RSS) with or without oil are still unknown. This study was undertaken to investigate the in-vitro anti-inflammatory effect with or without oil in the RSS on RAW 264.7 cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Results showed the suppressed LPS-induced secretion of pro-inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide (NO), inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, TNF-α). Additionally, a decrease in protein expression of iNOS was observed, but nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 was not inhibited. To elucidate the underlying mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of RSS, the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways was examined. We also found that RSS blocked LPS-induced phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase (JNK) signaling but did not affect the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2. These results suggest that RSS may have potential as an anti-inflammatory agent through the inhibition of LPS-induced inflammatory cytokine production via regulation of the JNK pathway.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.1B
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• pp.162-175
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• 2010

Currently, geographical information is interpreted and adopted in a wide range of context, and used for meeting diverse demands, such as, battlefield, traffic management, or public safety. With such an explosive increase of location-based applications, a considerable amount of research on the localization technique has been carried out. Among them, RSS (Received Signal Strength)-based approach is used especially for the indoor localization due to intrinsic limitations of the indoor environment. In this paper, we perform theoretical and empirical studies on enhancing the accuracy of the RSS-based localization on the IEEE 802.15.4 network. To this end, we set up an indoor testbed and implement a localization system on it. In addition to the theoretical analysis of the localization algorithm that we used, an empirical analysis on the effect of the factors which affect the accuracy of a localization system is carried out. Finally, we suggest some critical guidelines that should be considered for building a highly accurate localization system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.4B
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• pp.584-591
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• 2010

In this paper, we propose an adaptive Relay Station (RS) coverage extension scheme for the Mobile Multi-hop Relay (MMR) systems. The MMR system with a non-transparent mode RS can be used to extend BS coverage using the remaining capacity of the Base Station(BS). Thus, the call blocking may occur in RSs when calls arrive very often in Multi-hop Relay Base Station (MR-BS). In the proposed scheme, RSs can be connected to the neighbor MMR system as the 2ndtier RSs if the neighbor MMR system services low traffic load when calls are frequently arrived in MR-BS or RSs. By doing so, the MMR system can accept a new call without call blocking. Through numerical results, we demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional MMR system in terms of the throughput and call blocking probability of MMR systems.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2001

Five hundred sixteen isolates of Botrytis elliptica were isolated from infected leaves of Lilium longiflorum from Kangwon alpine areas in Korea during tile seasons from 1998 to 2000 and resistance of these isolates against some fungicides were examined. The isolation frequency of phenotypes resistant to benomyl, procymidone, and diethofencarb were 90.1, 32.4, and 40.9%, respectively. The isolates were divided into six phenotypic groups; RSS, RRS, SSR, SRR, RSR and RRR, representing sensitive (S) or resistant (R) to benzimidazole, dicarboximide, and N-phenylcarbamate fungicides in order. The percentage of six phenotypes were 40.7, 8.5, 7.2, 2.7, 19.8, and 21.1%, respectively. The RSS phenotype was the most frequently isolated, and tile SRR consisted of the extremely minor populations. In comparison studies on tile overwintering ability of each phenotype in relation to the others, the most frequently isolated RSS and SSR had the higher fitness ability than the less frequently isolated RSR, SRR, and RRR. Recently, population increase of tile RSR and RRR phenotypes may have resulted from the increased applications of the mixture of carbendazim and diethofencarb to control benzimidazole-resistant B. elliptica since 1998. The results of this study indicate that careful application of the fungicides is necessary to achieve effective control of leaf blight on lily in Korea.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.369-378
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• 2009

Protein fractionation was evaluated from whole crop silages of rye (RS), wheat (WS), triticale (TS), oat (OS), barley (BS), and rice straw silage (RSS), and in vitro trial was carried out to examine the effect of silage and extraction of soluble protein on fermentation characteristics, total gas production and degradation. Soluble protein of silages was extracted with borate-phosphate buffer, and fermentation characteristics, gas production and degradation of silages were estimated by incubating anaerobically the mixed solution of strained rumen fluid and artificial saliva (1:1, v/v) containing dried and ground silages placed in nylon bag at $39^{\circ}C$ up to 48h. Soluble protein (SP) content was lowest for RSS as 2.11% in total CP compared to those for other silages. Highest A fraction (NPN) was observed from RS (74.33% of total CP) while those from TS and RSS were relatively low (48%). B2 fraction was relatively higher for RS, RSS and WS than for TS and BS. $B_3$ fraction was lowest in WS among silages. C fraction (27.07) in RSS was higher than in other silages (1.40~9.93%). pH in incubation solution was increased (P<0.01~P<0.001) for extracted silages up to 12h but decreased (P<0.01) at 48h for non-extracted ones. Contents of ammonia-N (P<0.001) and total VFA (P<0.01~P<0.001) were higher for non-extracted silages than for extracted ones. Acetate proportion was increased (P<0.001) in buffer extracted silages while those of propionate and butyrate were decreased (P<0.001) up to 24h incubation. Increased (P<0.001) total gas production was obtained from non-extracted silages up to 12h while gas production was increased (P<0.01) in extracted ones thereafter. In vitro degradation of dry matter and CP was increased (P<0.001) in non-extracted silages but that of neutral detergent fiber was increased (P<0.001) in extracted ones without difference among silages. Difference in mean values of degradability for each silage prior to- and post extraction with borate buffer, however, was not found among silages. It may be concluded that high NPN content of silages may reduce the protein availability in silages and borate buffer soluble components in silages can stimulate the early stage of fermentation.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.18B no.5
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• pp.279-290
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• 2011

As the volume of internet and web contents have shown an explosive growth in recent years, lately contents recommendation system (CRS) has emerged as an important issue. Consequently, researches on contents recommendation method (CRM) for CRS have been conducted consistently. However, traditional CRMs have the limitations in that they are incapable of utilizing in web 2.0 environments where positions of content creators are important. In this paper, we suggest a novel way to recommend web contents of high quality using both degree of centrality and TF-IDF. For this purpose, we analyze TF-IDF and degree of centrality after collecting RSS and FOAF. Then we recommend contents using these two analyzed values. For the verification of the suggested method, we have developed the CRS and showed the results of contents recommendation. With the suggested idea we can analyze relations between users and contents on the entered query, and can consequently provide the appropriate contents to the user. Moreover, the implemented system we suggested in this paper can provide more reliable contents than traditional CRS because the importance of the role of content creators is reflected in the new system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.37B no.12
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• pp.1138-1147
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• 2012

IEEE standard 802.16, often referred to as WiMAX, is considered a "last mile" broadband wireless access alternative to conventional DSL and Cable Internet. One extension that is recently receiving great attention is the IEEE 802.16j Mobile Multihop Relay (MMR) amendment. The focus of this amendment is the development of simple and lower cost relay stations (RSs) that can enhance network coverage and capacity. We use our proposed simple scheduling scheme for serving the SSs in a fair manner and evaluate the performance of WiMAX networks with relays, especially we analyze the impact of interference between RSs on cell throughput Through simulations and numerical analysis, we make several fundamental observations about interference aware cost effective coverage extension in such networks.