• 정보처리학회논문지C
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• 제12C권4호
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• pp.543-550
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• 2005

Ad-hoc 네트워크 환경에서의 많은 라우팅 알고리즘들은 소스 라우팅 기법을 기초로 설계되었으며 밀집된 ad-hoc 환경에서의 최단경로설정은 짧은 기간동안만 유지되는 제약사항이 존재한다 때문에 SSA와 ABR과 같은 라우팅 프로토콜은 링크 안정성을 고려하여 좀더 안정적인 경로를 탐색한다. 본 논문은 Ad-Hoc network 환경에 현실적으로 적합한 SSA 라우팅 알고리즘을 바탕으로 utilization 메트릭을 고려한 새로운 라우팅 기법에 대해 제안한다. 제안된 방식에서는 SSA의 특정 메트릭에 의한 병목현상을 해결하기 위해 연결을 위한 여러 경로들을 누적 utilization에 따라 분산시키도록 하여 네트워크상의 로드 밸런싱을 추구하였다. 성능 분석을 위해 기존의 라우팅 기법인 AODV와 SSA를 참고 비교 대상으로 하였다. ns-2 네트워크 시뮬레이션 결과 선택되어질 수 있는 안정적인 route가 많은 경우 전체 트래픽이 여러 경로들로 분산되어 경로 재설정(route reconstruction) 횟수를 현저히 줄이는 좋은 성능을 보였다

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.68-75
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 RF 에너지 하베스팅을 하는 센서로 구성된 모바일 애드혹 무선 센서 네트워크에서 적응적인 방향성 범위 안내가 가능한 에너지 엔트로피 기반의 다중경로 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안된 라우팅 프로토콜의 주요한 특징 및 기여도는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 센서노드의 에너지 정보를 기반으로 경로의 엔트로피로 계산하여 안정적인 경로 설정한다. 둘째, 경로의 안정성을 기반으로 전송범위를 동적으로 조절하고, 경로 설정에 참여하는 센서의 수를 조절하여, 경로 설정에 소모되는 에너지, 컨트롤 오버헤드, 시간지연을 줄여서 궁극적으로 테이터 전송 효율을 향상시킨다. OPNET을 사용한 성능 평과 결과 제안된 라우팅 프로토콜은 효과적으로 PDR을 지원 할 수 있음을 보여준다.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.270-286
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a novel routing protocol called the Cartography Enhanced OLSR (CE-OLSR) for multi hop mobile ad hoc networks (multi hop MANETs). CE-OLSR is based on an efficient cartography gathering scheme and a stability routing approach. The cartography gathering scheme is non intrusive and uses the exact OLSR reduced signaling traffic, but in a more elegant and efficient way to improve responsiveness to the network dynamics. This cartography is a much richer and accurate view than the mere network topology gathered and used by OLSR. The stability routing approach uses a reduced view of the collected cartography that only includes links not exceeding a certain distance threshold and do not cross obstacles. In urban environments, IEEE 802.11 radio signals undergo severe radio shadowing and fading effects and may be completely obstructed by obstacles such as buildings. Extensive simulations are conducted to study the performances of CE-OLSR and compare them with those of OLSR. We show that CE-OLSR greatly outperforms OLSR in delivering a high percentage of route validity, a much higher throughput and a much lower average delay. In particular the extremely low average delay exacerbated by CE-OLSR makes it a viable candidate for the transport of real time data traffic in multi hop MANETs.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.2658-2681
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• 2023

In edge computing scenarios, IoT end devices play a crucial role in relaying and forwarding data to significantly improve IoT network performance. However, traditional routing mechanisms are not applicable to this scenario due to differences in network size and environment. Therefore, it becomes crucial to establish an effective and reliable data transmission path to ensure secure communication between devices. In this paper, we propose a trusted path selection strategy that comprehensively considers multiple attributes, such as link stability and edge cooperation, and selects a stable and secure data transmission path based on the link life cycle, energy level, trust level, and authentication status. In addition, we propose the Stability-based On-demand Multipath Distance Vector (STAOMDV) protocol based on the Ad hoc AOMDV protocol. The STAOMDV protocol implements the collection and updating of link stability attributes during the route discovery and maintenance process. By integrating the STAOMDV protocol with the proposed path selection strategy, a dependable and efficient routing mechanism is established for IoT networks in edge computing scenarios. Simulation results validate that the proposed STAOMDV model achieves a balance in network energy consumption and extends the overall network lifespan.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.255-255
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• 2000

Technical advance of electrical chart and cruising equipment make it possible to sail without a man. It is important to decide the cruising route in view of effectiveness and stability of a ship. So we need to study on the optimal trajectory planning. Genetic algorithm is a strong optimization algorithm with adaptational random search. It is a good choice to apply genetic algorithm to the trajectory planning of a ship. We modify a genetic algorithm to solve this problem. The effectiveness of the revised genetic algorithm is assured through computer simulations.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2020

Ad Hoc network is a special wireless network, mainly because the nodes are no control center, the topology is flexible, and the networking could be established quickly, which results the transmission stability is lower than other types of networks. In order to guarantee the transmission of data packets in the network effectively, an improved Queue Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing protocol (Q-AODV) for node detection by using blockchain technology is proposed. In the route search process. Firstly, according to the node's daily communication record the cluster is formed by the source node using the smart contract and gradually extends to the path detection. Then the best optional path nodes are chained in the form of Merkle tree. Finally, the best path is chosen on the blockchain. Simulation experiments show that the stability of Q-AODV protocol is higher than the AODV protocol or the Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) protocol.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.336-340
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• 2002

The $\alpha$-zirconium phosphate particles as fine as 20 nm were fabricated through solution technique using $ZrOCl_2{\cdot}8H_2O$ and $H_3PO_4$ as precursors. Stability of $\alpha$-Zirconium phosphate could be ensured by adding excess phosphoric acid to a stoichiometric composition Instead of using reflux route that resulted in coarsening of particles due to an inevitably long aging. The excess phosphorous incorporated in the crystal could be successfully eliminated afterwards through careful washing. Moreover, heavily agglomerated particles are observed before washing, but fairly dispersed state is found out after washing treatment. Thus, it is found that dispersed state as well as phase stability is ensured through proper washing treatment.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제55권6호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2006

This paper presents a transfer capability enhancement process using VSC HVDC system which can control active power as well as reactive power. The transfer capability is constrained by stability like voltage stability as well as thermal rating of power system components. Transfer capability of the power system limited by these constraints may be enhanced by reactive power control ability and active power flow control ability of the VSC HVDC system. To enhance the transfer capability of the system using VSC HVDC, selection of the HVDC installation site is performed. In this work, power zones which consist of major power plants and their sinks are identified using power tracing and distribution factor. Alternative route of major AC transmission line in the power zone is identified as VSC HVDC system.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2006

The alumina dispersion-strengthened (DS) C15715 Cu alloy fabricated by a powder metallurgy route was annealed at temperatures ranging from $800^{\circ}C\;to\;1000^{\circ}C$ in the air and in vacuum. The effect of the annealing on microstructural stability and room-temperature mechanical properties of the alloy was investigated. The microstructure of the cold rolled OS alloy remained stable until the annealing at $900^{\circ}C$ in the air and in vacuum. No recrystallization of original grains occurred, but the dislocation density decreased and newly formed subgrains were observed. The alloy annealed at $1000^{\circ}C$ in the air experienced recrystallization and grain growth took place, however annealing in vacuum at $1000^{\circ}C$ did not cause the microstructural change. The mechanical property of the alloy was changed slightly with the annealing if the microstructure remained stable. However, the strength of the specimen that was recrystallized decreased drastically.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.84-87
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• 1983

Transition state structures were calculated for A and M routes of ${\omega}$-alkenyl radical cyclization (n = 2∼4) using MINDO/3-RHF method. Results of our analysis of HOMO level changes indicated that the transition state stability is not controlled by the decoupling effect alone as Bischof suggested, but in greater degree it is determined by through-bond interaction of the HOMOs with the framework $HO-{\sigma}$ or $LU-{\sigma}^*$ orbitals. In case of larger n (n > 4), the product stability was considered to be the main cause of M route dominance in the cyclization.