• Korea-Australia Rheology Journal
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.103-107
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• 2006

Organic-inorganic composite of polyaniline and barium titanate (PANI-$BaTiO_3$) was synthesized via an in-situ oxidation polymerization of aniline in the presence of barium titanate ($BaTiO_3$) nanoparticles dispersed in an acidic medium. Barium titanate has large electric resistance and relatively high dielectric constant which is one of the essential properties for its electrorheological (ER) applications. The microstructure and composition of the obtained PANI/$BaTiO_3$ composite were characterized by SEM, FT-IR and XRD. In addition, we also employed a rotational rheometer to investigate the rheological performance of the ER fluids based on both pure PANI particle and PANI/$BaTiO_3$ composite. It was found that the composite materials possess much higher yield stresses than the pristine PANI due to unique dielectric properties of the inorganic $BaTiO_3$ particles. Finally, we also examined dynamic yield stress by analyzing its extrapolated yield stress data as a function of electric field strengths. Using the critical electric field strengths deduced, we further found that the universal yield stress equation collapses their data onto a single curve.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.117-128
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• 2005

Printing inks are basically dispersions of solid pigment particles in a vehicle. Pigment flocculation and/or colloidal aggregates created by thixotrope additives form a three- dimensional network in the inks. This structure complicates the flow behaviour of inks. However, if the internal structure is formed under control, the printing process will benefit from it because the ink must satify rheological requirements over a very wide range of shear conditions. The presence of internal structure results in the following prominent non-Newtonian rheological properties: viscoelasticity, yield stress, shear thinning and thixotropy. If the components of printing inks were changed, the rheological characteristics such as viscosity, yield stress, viscoelasticity and tack value were considerably varied. Thus, in this paper, the effects of changing the content of rosin modified phenolic resin on rheological properties of the vehicle will be studied. For that, the rheological properties were found by flow, yield stress, creep and oscillation measurements using Bohlin C-VOR Rotational Rheometer. And Emulsion rheology and its microstructure will be investigated.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2005

Generally, printing inks are composed of pigment, vehicle and additive. Among others, the vehicle transfers the pigment to substrate and then binds it on the surface. So, rheological properties of the vehicle are an important factor which has influence on printability. Thus, in this study, rheology of the vehicle was investigated by using rotational rheometer according to molecular weight of resin. Also, emlusion rheology of water in oil type and its microstructure were examined with increasing the shear rate. Consequently, the following results were obtained: (1) By viscometric flow test, zero shear viscosity and shear thinning index of vehicle increased with increasing the molecular weight of resin. (2) By relaxation and creep test, relaxation time and retardation time of vehicle increased with increasing the molecular weight of resin. (3) By frequency sweep test, crossover point of vehicle increased with increasing the molecular weight of resin. (4) G' and G" of emlusions increased with increasing the molecular weight by amplitude sweep test. (5) The shape of water drop in emlusions was changed to the capillary tube.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.196-201
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• 2001

Electro-Rheological(ER) fluids change their apparent viscosity according to the electric field strength. Therefore, there are many practical applications using the ER fluids. ER effect on the dispersive system of polarizable fine powder/dielectric oil has been investigated. The electrical and rheological properties of starch based ER fluid were reported. Yield stress of the fluids were measured on the couette cell type rheometer as a function of electric fields, particle concetrations, and temperatures. The electric field is applied by high voltage DC power supply, The outer cup is connected to positive electrode(+) and the bob becomes ground(-). And the temperatures the viscosity(or shear stress) versus shear rates were measured. In this experiment shear rates were increased from 0 to 200s$^{-1}$ in 2 minutes. This thesis presents Bingham properties of ER fluids subjected to temperature variations. The temperature dependence of the viscosity was determined for ER fluids consisting of 35 weight % starch particles in automatic transmission oil.

• 한국인쇄학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.45-59
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• 2011

According as gradually increasing the demand for Eco-friendly products it has been progressed fairly development at a field of printing and printing inks. The Inks are used by soy oil beginning of ink industry for preventing environment. Now it is possible to make Eco-friendly inks with vegetable ester. So it is not necessary to use petroleum-based solvents for preventing environment. But There is some problems if using vegetable ester to inks. Vegetable ester has high solubility, it causes misting and low viscosity of the Inks. So resin is required high performance. Thus, in this paper, I studied about the properties variation of the Varnish and inks According to using the phenolic modified rosin ester and Soy oil Methyl esters. The compared in order of average molecular weight by the GPC method, rheological properties were found by rotational rheometer, and emulsion behavior were compared by high speed emulsification tester.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2009

고무인상재의 유변학적 특성은 높은 정확성을 가진 인상체의 채득에 중요한 역할을 한다. 그러나 국산 고무인상재의 유변학적 특성에 관한 연구가 거의 이루어지지 않았다. 이 연구는 국산 및 수입 고무 인상재의 유변학적 특성을 측정, 연구함으로써 임상적 과정에서 정확성 높은 인상채득에 도움이 되고자 함이다. 시판중인 Type 3 점성을 가진 6종의 고무인상재의 유변학적 특징을 측정하였다. 2종의 국산 폴리비닐실록산, 3종의 수입 폴리비닐실록산, 1종의 폴리이써, 1종의 폴리썰파이드에 대하여 plate 대 plate 형의 rotational rheometer인 HAAKE RHEOSTRESS $1^{(R)}$ 이용하여 Mixing 후 900초간 G′, Loss tangent 값을 측정하였다. 각 제품 당 3회씩 측정 후 통계분석하였다. 국산 PVS, 수입 PVS, Polyether, Polysulfide 모두 G′의 S자형 증가와, Loss tangent 값의 S자형 감소를 보였다. 경화 후 G′ 값의 최대치는 Polyether였으며, 최소치는 Polysulfide였다. Loss tangent의 초기값은 폴리이써 인상재에서 가장 높았으며 국산 폴리비닐실록산 인상재에서 가장 낮았다. 같은 점조도를 가진 국산 PVS 와 수입 PVS의 G′ 값은 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 초기 Loss tangent 값에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2010

The effects of molecular weight (MW) and concentration on the rheological properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were investigated at $30^{\circ}C$. Ubbelohde viscometer and rotational rheometer were employed for dilute and concentrated regime, respectively. In the dilute regime, the Mark-Houwink exponent ($\alpha$) of the solutions determined from three different MWs proved 0.73. The critical concentration (C*), in which the entanglement and overlap of polymer molecules began to take place, decreased with increasing the MW of PVA. Huggins constant ($K_H$) values ranged from 0.33 to 0.45 over the MW examined. In the log-log plot of $\eta_{sp}$ versus [$\eta$]C, the PVA with higher degree of polymerization (DP) gave a greater slope exhibiting the inflection point in the vicinity of C*. In the dynamic viscosity ($\eta'$) curve, the PVA solutions of DP 1700 presented Newtonian fluid behavior over most of the frequency range examined. However, the lower Newtonian flow region reduced with increasing the DP. As the PVA concentration increased, $\eta'$ was increased and the onset shear rate for pseudoplasticity was decreased. In the Cole-Cole plot, PVA solutions showed almost a single master curve in a slope of ca. 1.65 regardless of the DP. However, the increase of the concentration from 8 to 12 wt% for PVA solutions of DP 5000 decreased the slope from 1.73 to 1.57. In the tan $\delta$ curve, the onset frequency for sol-gel transition was shifted from 154 to 92 rad/s with increasing the DP from 3300 to 5000 and from 192 to 46 rad/s with increasing the concentration from 8 to 12 wt%. In addition, longer relaxation time ($\lambda$) was observed with increasing the DP and concentration.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 자동차 선도장 강판용 베이스코트 도료들의 유변물성 및 롤코팅 공정에서의 유동 특성을 고찰하였다. 베이스코트 3종 색상 도료들의 상온 조건에서 전단 점도와 열경화 조건에서 탄성/점성 모듈러스의 변화를 회전형 유변물성 측정기를 통해 분석하였다. 이를 통해 작용기의 배합비율과 열경화 이전의 전단 점도 특성이 경화에 의한 도료 내 가교구조 형성에 큰 영향을 주었음을 확인하였다. 또한, 3-롤코팅 공정에서 베이스코트 도료들의 코팅 특성 및 유동 불안성정을 관찰하여 코팅 운전 영역을 설정하였다. 이러한 유변학적 접근법은 비뉴튼성 도료의 친환경적 선도장강판 코팅 기술 개발 및 최적의 안정한 조건 설정을 위해 유용하게 활용될 수 있음을 보였다.

• Macromolecular Research
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.6-14
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• 2008

Polypropylene (PP)-layered silicate nanocomposites were developed using a new processing method involving a supercritical carbon dioxide ($scCO_2$)-assisted co-rotating twin-screw extrusion process. The nanocomposites were prepared through two step extrusion processes. In the first step, the PP/clay mixture was extruded with $CO_2$ injected into the barrel of the extruder and the resulting foamed extrudate was cooled and pelletized. In the second step, the foamed extrudate was extruded with venting to produce the final PP/clay nanocomposites without $CO_2$. In this study, organophilic-clay and polypropylene matrix were used. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (PP-g-MA) was used as a compatibilizer. This study focused on the effect of $scCO_2$ on the dispersion characteristics of the clays into a PP matrix and the rheological properties of the layered silicate based PP nanocomposites. The dispersion properties of clays in the nanocomposites as well as the rheological properties of the nanocomposites were examined as a function of the PP-g-MA concentration. The degree of dispersion of the clays in the nanocomposites was analyzed by X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscope. Various rheological properties of the nanocomposites were measured using a rotational rheometer. In the experimental results, the $scCO_2$ assisted continuous manufacturing extrusion system was used to successfully produce the organophilic-clay filled PP nanocomposites. It was found that $scCO_2$ had a measurable effect on the clay dispersion in the polymer matrix and the melt intercalation of a polymer into clay layers.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2017년도 제48회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.456-461
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 이산화규소를 젤화제로 사용한 니트로메탄 젤 추진제의 유변학적 특성을 분석하였다. 니트로메탄 젤은 나노 또는 마이크로 입자 크기의 젤화제를 각각 5 wt%, 6.5 wt%, 8 wt% 함량으로 첨가하여 제작되였으며 점도 측정 실험은 회전형 점도계를 이용하여 측정을 수행하였다. 제작된 젤 추진제는 항복응력이 존재함을 확인하였고 측정 범위 전 구간에서 전단박화 거동을 보이며 나노 크기의 젤화제를 첨가한 젤 추진제의 경우 마이크로 크기 대비 낮은 전단속도(1 ~ 100 1/s) 영역에서 높은 점도를 보였다. 또한 니트로메탄 젤 추진제의 경우, Herschel-Bulkley 모델 보다는 Teipel과 Forter-Barth가 제시한 모델을 사용하는 것이 적합함을 확인하였다.