• Proceedings of the KACD Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.553-553
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• 2003

I. Objectives Endodontic disease is caused primarily by bacteria that interact with periradicular host from the root canal system. Chlorhexidine gluconate is known to effective to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis which resists to other intracanal medicaments. The aim of this in vitro study was to develop a slowly releasing root canal disinfectant using using chlorhexidine gluconate and chitoic acid. II. Materials and Methods Three different group were prepared with different drug release mechanism. In group A, paper points as used core material were loaded with 20% chlorhexidine gluconate.(omitted)

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.106-113
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• 1994

Dental professions are considered high risk for contracting hepatitis infection. In Korea, many patients are hepatitis B virus carriers. HBV are most efficiently transmitted by blood. Root canal treatment, as in cases of acute pulpitis always accompanied by contaminated blood. Therefore it is absolutely necessary to use irrigation solutions having strong antiviral effect for prophylaxis both dental personnel and patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antiviral effect of seven root canal irrigation solutions by radioimmunometric test. The solutions were 5% sodium phyochlorite, 5% cresol, 2% glutaraldehyde, 3% hydrogen peroxide, 0.05% chlorohexidine, 10% iodine, and 70% isoprophyl alcohol. Each irrigation solutions was mixed with serum preparated from HBsAg positive patients and sera were diluted to 1:1. 1:4. 1:20 and 1:100. Percentage of radioactivity was assayed with AUK(Sorbin biomedica, Italy) and COBRA(Packwood Instrument company, USA). Sodium hypochlorite and glutaraldehyde showed most strong antivral activity against HBsAg. Isoprophyl alcohol had moderate antiviral effect and the effect and the effect was increased especially in 1:4 solution. Hydrogen peroxide exihibited very weak aintivral activity. Cresol, chlorohexidine, and iodine exhibited little antiviral activity.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.50-57
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• 2015

Objectives: The usage of medicinal plants as natural antimicrobial agents has grown in many fields including dental medicine. The aim of this in vitro study was three-fold: (i) to determine the chemical compositions of the Ferula gummosa essential oil (FGEO), (ii) to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of the oil with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX), (iii) to assess the toxic behavior of FGEO in different concentrations compared to 5% NaOCl and 0.2% CHX. Materials and Methods: Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used to determine the chemical compositions of the oil. The disk diffusion method and a broth micro-dilution susceptibility assay were exploited to assess the antimicrobial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mitis, and Candida albicans. The cytocompatibility of the FGEO was assessed on L929 fibroblasts, and compared to that of NaOCl and CHX. Results: Twenty-seven constituents were recognized in FGEO. The major component of the oil was ${\beta}$-pinene (51.83%). All three irrigants significantly inhibited the growth of all examined microorganisms compared to the negative control group. FGEO at $50{\mu}g/mL$ was effective in lower concentration against Enterococcus faecalis than 5% NaOCl and 0.2% CHX, and was also more potent than 0.2% CHX against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. FGEO was a cytocompatible solution, and had significantly lower toxicity compared to 5% NaOCl and 0.2% CHX. Conclusions: FGEO showed a promising biological potency as a root canal disinfectant. More investigations are required on the effectiveness of this oil on intracanal bacterial biofilms.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.548-552
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• 2004

Intracanal disinfection of infected root canal is one of important treatment procedure. This in vitro study aimed to evaluate whether the surface polymers of controlled release drug (CRD) can effectively control the release rate of chlorhexidine for root canal disinfection. Four CRD prototypes were prepared: Group A (n=12); The core device (absorbent paper point) was loaded with 40% CHX solution as control. Group B (n=12); same as group A, but the device was coated with chitosan. Group C (n=12); same as group A and then coated three times with 5% PMMA. Group D (n=12); same as group A and then coated three times with 3% PLGA. All CRD prototypes were soaked in 3 mL distilled water for experimental periods and the concentrations of released CHX from each CRD prototype were determined using a UV spectrophotometer. Results showed that release rate of CHX were the greatest in the non-coated group (control group), followed by the chitosan-coated group, the PLGA-coated group, and the PMMA-coated group (P < 0.05). This data indicate that surface polymers can control the release rate of CHX from the CRD prototypes.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.168-178
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• 2010

Objective : The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobical effect of horseradish root extracts against Enterococcus faecalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum isolated from oral cavity compared with reference strain, and compared with that of chlorhexidine. Method : Horseradish root extracts and chlorhexidine were sequentially diluted and tested against anaerobes(E. faecalis, F. nucleatum) isolated from children's oral cavity. The microbes were anaerobically incubated and the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration(MBC) were detected. Results :1. Horseradish root extracts showed antimicrobial effect against E. faecalis isolated strain at same or slightly higher concentration compared with MIC of reference strain. 2. $625.0\sim1,250.0{\mu}g/ml$ horseradish root extracts showed similar antimicrobial effect with chlorhexidine($7.8\sim15.6{\mu}g/ml$). 3. Horseradish root extracts showed antimicrobial effect against F. nucleatum isolated strain at same or slightly higher concentration compared with MIC of reference strain. 4. $78.1\sim312.5{\mu}g/ml$ horseradish root extracts showed similar antimicrobial effect with chlorhexidine($7.8\sim15.6{\mu}g/ml$). Conclusions : The results of this study confirm that horseradish root extracts has antimicrobial effect against anaerobes isolated from oral cavity as well as reference strain. And we found the potential of horseradish root extracts as a canal irrigant or disinfectant.