• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.62-84
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• 1991

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of four root canal sealers(Tubliseal, AH26, Apatite Root Canal Sealer I, Apatite Root Canal Sealer II) in Vitro. The root canal sealers were mixed and filled in molds which were $14{\times}1.25mm$ in diameter, in height to use for cell counting and agar overlary method, and $7{\times}1.25mm$ for millipore filter method and set for 7 days to use for experiment. Silicone and copper plate were used for negative and positive control respectively. Using the culture of L929 fibroblast, total cell number and vital cell number were counted and the ratio of vital cell number to total cell number was calculated on 2 nd, 4 th, 6 th experimental day, and the change of cell membrane permeability was tested by agar overlay method, and the succinate dehydrogenase activity was tested by millipore filter method. The obtained results were as follows. 1. In ail experimental groups, the mitotic activity of fibroblast was reduced when compared with that of negative control group, so ail experimental groups showed cytotoxicity. Apatite Root Canal Sealer I group exhibited mild cytotoxicity, and Tubliseal, AH26, Apatite Root Cenal Sealer II groups exhibited severe cytotoxicity. 2. In the test of the change of cell membrane permeability by agar overlay method, all experimental groups showed cytotoxicity. AH26 group exhibited mild cytotoxicity, and Apatite Root Canal Sealer I group exhibited moderate cytotoxicity, and Tubliseal and Apatite Root Canal Sealer II group exhibited severe cytotoxicity. 3. In the test of SDH activity by millipore filter method, there was no cytotoxicity in Apatite Root Canal Sealer I and Apatite Root Canal Sealer II group, but Tubliseal and AH26 group showed mild cytotoxicity.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권8호
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• pp.960-966
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• 2022

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) exert antagonistic activity against root-knot nematodes, mainly by producing organic acids via carbohydrate fermentation. However, they have not yet been used for root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) control owing to a lack of economic feasibility and effectiveness. In this study, we aimed to isolate organic acid-producing LAB from kimchi (Korean traditional fermented cabbage) and evaluated their nematicidal activity. Among the 234 strains isolated, those showing the highest nematicidal activity were selected and identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum WiKim0090. Nematicidal activity and egg hatch inhibitory activity of WiKim0090 culture filtrate were dose dependent. Nematode mortality 3 days after treatment with 2.5% of the culture filtrate was 100%, with a 50% lethal concentration of 1.41%. In pot tests, the inhibitory activity of an L. plantarum WiKim0090-copper sulfate mixture on gall formation increased. Compared to abamectin application, which is a commercial nematicide, a higher control value was observed using the WiKim0090-copper sulfate mixture, indicating that this combination can be effective in controlling the root-knot nematode.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.225.1-230
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• 1995

The ethanol extract from the root bark of Morus alba showed the strongest antimicrobial activity on the growth of almost all the tested microorganisms which were food-borne pathogens and food-related microorganisms. 1) In order to isolate and purify of antimicrobial substance extracted from the root bark of Morus alba, the antimicrobial substance from the ethanol extract which exhibited a strong antimicrobial activity was purified by solvent fractionation, silica gel column chromatography, TLC and HPLC. Among the fractions fractionated by 4 kind of solvents from the ethanol extract, the antimicrobial activity of ethyl acetate fraction had the strongest antimicrobial activity against B. subtilis. Unknown compound were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction by silica gel column chromatography, TLC and HPLC and the compounds showed strong absorbance at 207, 217 and 285 nm, therefore, it was supposed to be a kinds of aromatic compound.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.187-192
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• 1986

Activity of endogenous growth regulator in 4th year Panax ginseng root was investigated by second leaf sheath test of rice seedling and paper chromatogram of a acidic fraction of methanol extract before (March 28) and after (May 9) emergence of root bud, at the late season (Sept.4) and after leaf fall (November 11). GA$_3$ and ABA were used as reference. According to paper and high performance liquid chromatography of samples and authentic growth regulators the presence of insole acetic acid (IAA), gibberellic acid (GA$_3$) and abscisic acid (cis and trans ABA) was confirmed. These three regulators appeared to consist of major system though the existence of other regulators could not be ruled out. IAA activity seemed little changed through out the seasons. GA activity decreased in the later stages while ABA activity increased.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.69-79
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• 1985

Ultrastructural and cytochemical studies of the root hair cell and the trichoblast were undertaken with light and electron microscopes to clarify the type of root hair, fine structure and the activities of acid phosphatase and ATPase. The root hair was differentiated from the middle portion of the cell, and perpendicularly to the long axis of the cell. Consequently, the type of root hair comes under the panicoid type. In the trichoblast, nucleus and cytoplasm are located in the vicinity of cortex. On the contrary, after the root hair is formed, they migrate to the apical region of the root hair, and the basal region of the root hair is filled with numerous vacuoles. Cell walls of actively growing root hairs are subdivided into two layers on the basis of the arrangement of cellulose microfibrils. New cell wall of the root hair is presumptively formed from Golgi complex-derived vesicles. Activity of acid phosphatase appeared on tonoplast, plasma membrane, and nuclear envelope, whereas ATPase activity appeared on the plasma membrane, heterochromatin, and mitochondrial cristae.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.719-724
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• 2018

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a bacterium responsible for a number of infections in humans that are difficult to treat, and as a result, is a substantial contributor to morbidity and mortality. In the present study, in search of natural products capable of inhibiting this multidrug-resistant bacterium, we investigated the antimicrobial activity of Lysimachia clethroides Duby root. The antibacterial activities of EtOH extract of Lysimachia clethroides Duby root and its n-hexane, EtOAc, n-BuOH and water fractions were evaluated against 15 strains of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 1 standard methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) strain by using the minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) assay, colorimetric assay using MTT test, checkerboard dilution test. Antimicrobial activity of n-hexane fraction of Lysimachia clethroides Duby root was remarkable. Against the 16 strains, the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were in the range of $31.25-62.5{\mu}g/ml$ and FICI values for n-hexane fraction of Lysimachia clethroides Duby root+AM and n-hexane fraction of Lysimachia clethroides Duby root+OX were checkerboard method performed using the MRSA, MSSA and one clinical isolate strains via MICI 0.12-1 and 0.25-0.75, showing the increase of synergistic effect. When combined together, these antibiotic effects were dramatically increased. These effective combinations could be new promising agents in the management of MRSA.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.139-145
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• 1995

In order to develop a natural food preservative, the root bark of Morus alba was extracted with several solvents, and then antimicrobial activity was investigated. The optimum extracting condition for the antimicrobial substance from the sample, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extracted substance against microorganisms were also examined. The antimicrobial activity of the ethanol extract form the sample was stronger than those of the extracts by the other solvents such as water, methanol. ethyl acetate and acetone. The optimum extracting condition for antimicrobial substance from the sample was shaking extraction twice for 5 hours at room temperature in case of 7 times of absolute ethanol added to the crushed root bark of Morus alba. The ethanol extract from the root bark of Morus alba had strong B. cereus, L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. Especially, Bacillus species was the most susceptible to the extracted substance. The ethanol extract showed antimicrobial activity against Gram negative bacteria(MIC, 160~1600 ug/ml) and yeasts(MIC, 1600 ug/ml) such as C. albicans and S. acidifaeciens. The extract also showed growth inhibition against molds such as A. niger, A. parasiticus, A versicolar and T. viride.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.261-266
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• 1991

The hairy root was induced form potato tuber disc by infection of a. rhizogenes. The detection of the agropine and mannopine by paper electrophoresis confirmed that induced hairy root was transformed by A. rhizogenes. The activity of peroxidase was the highest at 5 weeks and isozyme pattern of peroxidase revealed 3 cathodic bands and 2 anodic bands and new C4 band(pI 4.6) was observed at 7 weeks after cultivation in hairy root was isoelectric focusing. To study the effect of Ca2+ on cell wall formation in hairy root, channel blocker of Ca2+ was treated. The activity of $\beta$-glucan synthetase II(GS II) related to cell wall synthesis was inhibited by about 50% in diltiazem and flunarizine treatment than that of control, but stimulated in CaCl2 treatment. Therefore these results showed that Ca2+ might be an effective factor in the cell wall formation. The activity of GS II by NaF treatment was increased by about 30%. This result suggested that the activity GS II is changed through phosphorylation process.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.835-841
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• 1998

고추냉이를 이용하여 식품의 천연보존료로 개발하기 위한 기초자료를 제공할 목적으로 우리 나라에서 재배한 고추냉이와 일본의 고추냉이의 뿌리에서 증류수로 추출한 성분의 항균활성과 항변이원성 활성에 대하여 실험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 고추냉이 뿌리의 항균활성은 증류수 추출물이 에탄을 추출물보다 더 강하였으며 세균보다는 곰팡이에게 더 강한 항균활성을 나타내었다. 세균의 경우 그램양성균보다는 그램음성균에게 항균활성이 강하였다. 한편 일본산과 한국산 고추냉이 뿌리의 항균활성에는 유의할 만한 차이는 없었다. 4종류의 세균 중 V. parahaemolyticus에 대한 MIC가 6,000ppm으로 가장 낮았으며, E. coli와 Staphy. aureus 및 B. subtilis의 MIC는 12,000ppm으로 같았다. MBC 역시 V. parahaemolyticus가 12,000ppm으로 가장 낮았다. 고추냉이 뿌리 추출물의 항변이원활성은 첨가량에 비례하여 증가하였으며 MeIQx보다 Trp-P-1에 대하여 항변이활성이 강한 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.434-436
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• 2007

멜라닌 생합성은 tyrosinase의 작용으로 인한 tyrosine의 산화로부터 시작되어 dopaquinone 및 dopachrome가 생성되고 dopachrome는 다시 dihydroxyindole과 dopachrome tautomerase에 의한 dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid 로 전환되는 과정을 거쳐 진행된다 (Alaluf et al.; 2001). 도깨비 부채 뿌리 추출물의 멜라닌 생합성 저해 기전을 검정하기 위하여 melan-a 세포에서의 tyrosinase 및 TRP-2 발현량을 western immunoblotting하여 측정한 결과 도깨비 부채 뿌리 추출물은 TRP-2 발현량에는 영향을 미치지 않으나 tyrosinase의 발현량을 현저히 감소시킴을 확인 할 수 있었고 따라서 이전의 연구와 종합하여 볼 때 도깨비 부채 뿌리 추출물은 멜라닌 생합성의 초기에 주요한 역할을 하는 tyrosinase의 활성 및 발현을 모두 억제함으로써 멜라닌 생성을 감소시키는 것으로 사료된다. 또한 도깨비 부채 뿌리 추출물은 brown guinea pig 피부에서 3% 농도로 도포 시 발적이나 이상 징후를 일으키지 않고 자외선으로 유도된 색소 침착을 감소 시켜 피부 미백 용도의 기능성 원료로써 큰 가능성을 가지고 있는 것으로 판단된다.