• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.489-498
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• 2015

This study investigates the effects of a China root (Smilax china L.) extract on the chemical and microbiological characteristics and antioxidant activity of the sausage stew sauce and the soft-tofu stew sauce over a 5-week storage period. Commercial sauces were obtained from the market, and samples were prepared using four different concentrations of the China root extract (0% (control), 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5%) and stored at $5^{\circ}C$ and $20^{\circ}C$. Over the 5-week storage period, pH and salinity showed slight changes in both the sausage and soft-tofu stew sauces, but there was no significant difference (p<0.05) regardless of the extract amount and temperature. At 5 weeks, there were significant decreases in the total microbial count in groups with the China root extract (p<0.05) for both the sausage and soft-tofu stew sauces at $5^{\circ}C$. Over the whole storage period, no coliform, yeast, and mold were detected in any sample. S. aureus counts were not detected in 1.0% and 1.5% China root groups at $5^{\circ}C$, but 1.00-1.60 log CFU/g was found in the control and 0.5% groups. DPPH radical scavenging activity at 5 weeks showed an increase with an increase in the amount of the China root extract in both sauces. These results indicate that the China root extract inhibited microbial growth during storage as well as scavenging activity and thus that it can be considered to prolong the shelf life of commercial sauces.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.141-150
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• 2011

Objectives: The aim of this study was to elucidate the antioxidant effect of solvent fractions of Angelica gigas root. Methods: The ethanol extract of Angelica gigas root was suspended in water and then partitioned with dichloromethane (MC Fr.), ethyl acetate (EA Fr.) and butanol (BuOH Fr.), sequentially. The antioxidant activities of solvent fractions of Angelica gigas root were evaluated for radical scavenging activity against stable free radicals (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and superoxide anion radicals. In addition the antioxidant activities of solvent fractions of Angelica gigas root against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrites were determined by the total oxy-radical scavenging capacity (TOSC) assay. Results: Among the solvent fractions of MC Fr., EA Fr., and BuOH Fr., BuOH Fr. was found to have stronger antioxidant activity with $IC_{50}$ values of 59.72, 14.36, 30.96 and $44.75\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ on the DPPH radical, nitrite, superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, than BHA used as a positive control. Moreover, specific TOSC values(564.8, 276.4 and 405.5 TOSC/mM) of BuOH fr. against peroxyl radicals, hydroxyl radical and peroxynitrite were 4 times higher than GSH (136.5, 67.4 102.6 TOSC/mM) used as a positive control. Conclusions: These results suggest that the BuOH fr. of Angelica gigas root has a high antioxidant activity and can be useful to develop functional food against oxidative stress conditions.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.260-268
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• 1999

황련(Coptis japonica)의 추출액을 공시하여 Phytophthora capsici, Fusarium oxysporum, Colletotrichum dematium, C. truncatum, Botrytis cinerea, Botryosphaeria dothidea과 Alternaria porri에 대해 항균 활성 검정, 몇가지 작물에 대한 병해 방제 효과를 조사하고 항균 활성 물질을 동정하였다. 황련 추출액은 P. capsici, F. oxysporum, C. dematium, B. cinerea, B. dothidea 및 A. porri에 대해서 항균력이 우수하였다. Methanol을 용매로 추출하여 분리된 물질과 berberine-Cl 표준품의 항균활성을 비교할 때, 황련추출액으로부터 분리된 물질은 표준품 berberine-Cl과 비슷하게 항균력을 나타내었다. 황련 추출액은 고추 역병(83.3%), 참깨 모잘록병 (92.0%) 및 파 검은무늬병(87.5%)에 대해서 방제효과가 인정되었다. 고추 잎과 과실, 파 잎 및 딸기 과실에는 약해가 나타나지 않았으나 고농도에서는 고추 및 참깨의 발아를 억제하거나 유근의 신장을 억제하는 것으로 나타났다. Methanol로 추출한 황련 추출액으로부터 황색 분말 4.24g/100g을 얻을 수 있었다. 이들 물질을 HPLC로 분석한 결과 항균성을 나타내는 물질은 berberine-Cl로 동정되었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.177-180
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• 2005

Antioxidant activity of crude extracts from colored sweet potato cultivars by plant parts such as root, stem and leaf was evaluated. The highest TBARS values were obtained from root samples of sweet patato, and followed by stems and leaves, indicating that leaf sample showed the strongest antioxidant activity. Sweet potato cultivars with yellow flesh and leaf part exhibited strong antioxidant activities. Antioxidant activities of leaf and stem extracts were maintained for 21 days and were a little lower than that of BHT. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest in "Sinhwangmi" leaf, and followed by "Jami" root. Chlorogenic acid was detected as the most abundant antioxidant substance among all fractions. These results suggest that the antioxidant activity of sweet potato differs depending on plant part and cultivar.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.767-773
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• 2014

찹쌀풀과 생참기름을 이용한 전통적인 방법으로 제조한 연근, 김, 깻잎 부각의 산화방지활성과 산화방지 성분을 평가하였다. 깻잎 부각이 가장 높은 라디칼 소거 활성과 환원력을 보였으며 연근 부각의 활성이 가장 낮았는데 부각 원료인 데친 연근, 김, 깻잎의 활성과 동일한 순서이었다. 폴리페놀 화합물 함량은 연근, 김 부각보다는 깻잎 부각에서 더 높았고, 부각의 토코페롤은 대부분 튀김유인 참기름에서 유래하였다. 부각의 산화 방지 활성은 폴리페놀 화합물 함량과 높은 상관관계를 보였으나 토코페롤 함량과의 상관관계는 매우 낮아 폴리페놀 화합물이 부각의 산화 방지 활성에 더욱 긴밀하게 기여하고 있음을 의미하였다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2020

Mulberry root bark is one of potential plant sources for antioxidant materials which can be used for the relief of oxidative stress. To explore the effects of solvent type and temperature on the structural characteristics and antioxidant activity of the root bark extracts, we prepared various extracts of mulberry root bark (Morus alba L.) using 0 - 100 % ethanol (EtOH) at RT - 100℃. EtOH concentration and temperature critically affected the extraction yields, the content of bioactive components, and antioxidant activity of the extracts. Use of high content of EtOH solvent and low temperature resulted in the low extraction yield. Meanwhile, it was revealed that the extract prepared using absolute EtOH at room temperature contained polyphenols and flavonoids with the highest contents among other extracts. Interestingly, the temperature differently affected the polyphenol and flavonoid contents according to the solvent types. In the case of 30% EtOH solvent, polyphenol and flavonoid contents increased with an increase in temperature, whereas in the case of 70 and 100 % EtOH, these contents decreased. Using the radical scavenging assay, it was confirmed that the 100% EtOH extracts had higher antioxidant activity compared to distilled water (DW) extracts regardless of temperature. Also, heating might extract more antioxidant components from the root bark. Especially, the extract prepared using 30% EtOH solvent at 100℃ showed the highest antioxidant activity. Taken together, these experimental results imply that the extraction parameters should be designed carefully considering the productivity, the extracted bioactive components, and antioxidant activity.

• 생약학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2014

To identify potential gastrointestinal prokinetic agents, water and 70% ethanol extracts and isolated compounds from 41 different traditional medicinal herbs were evaluated for the stimulation of gastrointestinal (GI) motility in vivo. Of the 41 water and 70% ethanol extracts, 12 extracts were found to enhance GI motility activity in mice by more than 10%. The 12 extracts are as follows: Atractylodes japonica (root), Crataegus pinnatifida (flower), Aucklandia lappa (root), Inula helenium (root), Cynanchum wilfordii (root), Chinese Liriope platyphylla (root), Codonopsis pilosula (root), Glehnia littoralis (root), Pinellia ternate (tuber), Agastache rugosa (aerial part), Angelica decursiva (whole plant), and Peucedanum praeruptorum (whole plant). In particular, the extracts from Atractylodes japonica (root), Cynanchum wilfordii (root) and Angelica decursiva (whole plant) have demonstrated the highest GI motility activity. In addition, 26 isolated compounds from the medicinal herbs were tested, and 8 isolated compounds were found to be active. They are ${\alpha}$-ionone, ${\beta}$-ionone, trans-caryophyllene, cedrol, methyl-3,5-di-O-E-caffeoyl-quinate, lobetyolin, oleoyllinoleoylolein and cis-jasmone. ${\beta}$-ionone from Aucklandia lappa (root) showed the most potent GI motility activity. The active traditional medicinal herbs and isolated compounds might be therapeutically advantageous in the treatment of GI motility disorders.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.1300-1307
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• 2007

This study assessed the possible role of different traits in selected plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for improving wheat growth and yield under natural conditions. Rhizobacteria exhibiting 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC)-deaminase activity were isolated and screened for their growth-promoting activity in wheat under axenic conditions. Five isolates belonging to Pseudomonas and one Burkholderia caryophylli isolate that showed promising performances under axenic conditions were selected and characterized for in vitro ACC-deaminase activity, chitinase activity, auxin production, P solubilization, and root colonization. These isolates were then used as inocula for wheat cultivated under natural conditions in pot and/or field trials. Significant increases in root elongation, root weight, tillers per pot, 1,000-grain weight, and grain and straw yields were observed in response to inoculation with PGPR in the pot trials. Inoculation with these PGPR was also effective under field conditions and increased the wheat growth and yield significantly. However, the efficacy of the strains was inconsistent under the axenic, pot, and field conditions. Pseudomonas fluorescens ($ACC_{50}$), which exhibited a relatively high in vitro ACC-deaminase activity, chitinase activity, auxin production, and P solubilization and more intensive root colonization, was the most efficient isolate under the field conditions. Therefore, these results demonstrated that ACC-deaminase activity is an efficient parameter for the selection of promising PGPR under axenic conditions. However, additional traits of PGPR, including auxin production, chitinase activity, P solubilization, and root colonization, are also important for selecting PGPR as biofertilizers.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.243-250
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• 2021

Background: Endodontic sealers or their toxic components may become inflamed and lead to delayed wound healing when in direct contact with periapical tissues over an extended period. Moreover, an overfilled sealer can directly interact with adjacent tissues and may cause immediate necrosis or further resorption. Therefore, the treatment outcome conceivably depends on the endodontic sealer's biocompatibility and osteogenic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the cell viability and osteogenic effects of four different sealers in osteoblastic cells. Methods: AH Plus (resin-based sealer), Pulp Canal Sealer EWT (zinc oxide-eugenol sealer), BioRoot RCS (calcium silicate-based sealer), and Well-Root ST (MTA-based calcium silicate sealer) were mixed strictly according to the manufacturer's instructions, and dilutions of sealer extracts (1/2, 1/5 and 1/10) were determined. Cell viability was measured using the water-soluble tetrazolium-8 (WST-8) assay. Differentiation was assessed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralized nodule formation by Alizarin Red S staining. Results: The cell viability of the extracts derived from the sealers excluding Well-Root ST was concentration dependent, with sealer extracts having the least viability at a 1/2 dilution. At sealer extract dilution of 1/10, the test groups showed the same survival rate as that control group, with the exception of BioRoot RCS. Among all experimental groups, BioRoot RCS showed the highest cell viability after 48 hours. The ALP activity was significantly higher in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthemore, all four materials promoted ALP activity and mineralized nodule formation compared to the control at 1/10 dilutions. Conclusion: This is the first study to highlight the differences in biological activity of these four materials. These results suggest that the composition of root canal sealers appears to alter the form of biocompatibility and osteoblastic differentiation.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.352-357
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• 2006

참외의 대목종류가 뿌리의 발달과 활력에 미치는 영향을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 자근묘에 비해 접목묘의 뿌리 생장이 우수하였으며 접목묘 중에서는 세력이 강한 품종으로 알려진 '신토좌', '엘리트호박'의 생장이 좋았다. 뿌리의 활력과 관련된 일비액의 분비는 자근묘보다 접목묘에서 우수하였고 뿌리의 발달과 일비속도의 증가는 지온변화와 높은 상관관계를 나타내어 지온이 상승할수록 뿌리 발달이 촉진되고 근 활력이 우수하였다. 과실의 수량은 접목묘에서 무거웠으나 품질은 자근묘에서 높았다.