• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.469-476
• /
• 2001

The Ν-value in the standard penetration test(SPT) is affected by the magnitude of the rod penetration energy transmitted from the falling hammer as well as the geotechnical characteristics of the ground. Understanding of the striking energy efficiency in the SPT equipment is getting important for that reason. The energy efficiencies of the doughnut hammer with the hydraulic lift system and the automatic trip hammer system were investigated through field tests using the instrumented rod and wave-signal acquisition systems including the pile driving analyzer(PDA) . The rod energy ratio, ΕR$\_$r/ was defined as the ratio of the energy delivered to the drilling rod to the potential free-fall energy of the hammer. It appears that the type of the hammer and lift/drop system had a strong influence on the energy transfer mechanism and ΕR$\_$r/ also varies according to the energy instrumentation system and the analysis methods.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2002년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2002

The N-value from the standard penetration test(SPT) is affected by the magnitude of the rod penetration energy transmitted from the falling hammer as well as the geotechnical characteristics of the ground. Understanding of the striking energy efficiency in the SPT equipment is getting important for that reason. The energy efficiencies of the various type of equipment were investigated through field tests using the instrumented rod and wave-signal acquisition systems including the pile driving analyzer(PDA). The rod energy ratio, ERr was defined as the ratio of the energy delivered to the drilling rod to the potential free-fall energy of the hammer. It appears that the type of the hammer and lift/drop system had a strong influence on the energy transfer mechanism and ERr also varies according to the energy instrumentation system and the analysis methods.

• 한국지반공학회지:지반
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.169-182
• /
• 1997

표준관입시험에서 해머가 낙하하여 발생한 충격에너지가 샘플러에 전달되는 과정에 여러 가지 제한 및 문제점 때문에 에너지 손실이 일어나게 마련이다. 시험결관인 N치를 보정하기 위해서는 로드에 전달되는 에너지 수준이 측정되어야 한다. 이 연구에서는 충격에너지와 모루를 통하영 로드에 전달되면서 손실된 에너지가 반영된 로드 에너지의 비율 즉, 표준관입시험의 동적 효울을 Charpy 충격시험장치를 이용하여 측정하고, 항타 분석 프로그램인 GRL-WEAP해석과 현장시험으로 비교 및 확인 하였다. 연구결과 R-P해머와 바동해머의 동적표효율이 0.726과 0.728로 각각 산정되었으나 0.72로 같게 제시하였다. 이 값에 현장측정한 해머에너지 수준 64.2%(R-P)및 75.%(자동)를 적용하여 측정 N 가치를 보정할 수 있는 SPT의 평균에너지비를 46.7% 및 54.5%호 산정하였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.86-94
• /
• 2022

전 세계적으로 철근의 부식으로 인해 발생하는 철근 콘크리트 구조물의 성능 저하를 해결하기 위하여, FRP를 철근으로 대체하는 것은 상당한 주목을 받고 있으며, FRP 물성을 향상시켜 구조물의 사용 수명을 연장하기 위한 기술 개발이 진행되어 왔다. 이에 따라, 고강도 및 고강성을 갖는 국산형 CFRP rod와 CFRP grid의 개발 및 제조 기술이 필요하며, 이를 적용한 구조 부재의 거동을 평가한 연구가 수행되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 국내 시범 생산 CFRP rod를 보강근으로 사용한 보 부재의 휨 전단 거동을 보강비와 전단 경간비에 따라 검토하였다. 그 결과, 일정 범위를 벗어난 보강비를 사용할 경우, CFRP rod에 의한 성능 개선 효과가 상쇄되거나 효과가 크지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, CFRP rod를 사용한 보 부재의 경우, 국내 구조 설계 기준에 근거하여 전단 철근을 배치하더라도 전단 파괴 가능성이 발생하였다. 그러므로 CFRP rod를 사용한 보 부재의 경우, 보강비 제한과 전단파괴를 방지하기 위한 검토가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 또한, CFRP rod를 사용한 보 부재의 연성은 변형 에너지 평가방법에 따라 결정되므로, 보 부재의 구조 거동을 반영한 변형 에너지 평가법을 적용하여 연성을 평가해야 한다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 1998년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.75-84
• /
• 1998

• Smart Structures and Systems
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.159-172
• /
• 2022

To improve the accuracy of the standard penetration test (SPT) results, smart measurement system, which considers the energy transfer ratio into the sampler (ETR_Sampler), is required. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of joints and rod length on the transferred energy into the sampler. The energy transfer ratios into the rod head (ETR_Head) and ETR_Sampler, and the energy ratio from the head to the sampler (ER_HS) were obtained using energy modules, which were installed at the rod head and above the SPT sampler. Linear regression analyses are conducted to correlate the ER_HS with the number of joints, rod length, and SPT N-values. In addition, the dynamic resistances are calculated using both transferred energies into the rod head and into the sampler, and are compared with the corrected cone tip resistance measured from the cone penetration test (CPT). While the ETR_Head are generally constant, but the ETR_Sampler and ER_HS gradually decrease along the depth or the number of joints, except at certain depths with high SPT N-values. Thus, the ER_HS can be estimated using the number of joints, rod length, and SPT N-values. The dynamic resistance evaluated by E_Sampler produces a better correlation with the corrected cone tip resistance than that by E_Head. This study suggests that transferred energy into the SPT sampler may be effectively used for more accurate subsurface characterization.

• KSTLE International Journal
• /
• 제4권1호
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2003

Sliding and impact/sliding wear test in room temperature air and water were performed to evaluate the effect of spring shapes on the wear mechanism of a fuel rod. The main focus was to quantitatively compare the wear behavior of a fuel rod with different support springs (i.e. two concaves, a convex and a flat shape) using a ratio of wear volume to worn area (De)-The results indicated that the wear volumes at each spring condition were varied with the change of test environment and loading type. However, the relationship between the wear volume and worn area was determined by only spring shape even though the wear tests were carried out at different test conditions. From the above results, the optimized spring shape which has more wear-resistant could be determined using the analysis results of the relation between the variation of De and worn surface observations in each test condition.

• 한국전산유체공학회지
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.63-66
• /
• 2005

A computational fluid dynamics(CFD) analysis has been made for fully developed turbulent flow in a triangular bare rod bundle with a pitch to diameter ratio (P/D) of 1.123. The nonlinear turbulence models predicted the turbulence-driven secondary flow in the triangular subchannel. The nonlinear quadratic κ-ε models by Speziale[1] and Myong-Kasagi[2] predicted turbulence structure in the rod bundle fairly well. The nonlinear quadratic and cubic k-ε models by Shih et al.[3] and Craft et al.[4] showed somewhat weaker anisotropic turbulence. The differential Reynolds stress model by Launder et al.[5} appeared to over predict the turbulence anisotropy in the rod bundle.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전산유체공학회 2003년도 The Fifth Asian Computational Fluid Dynamics Conference
• /
• pp.71-73
• /
• 2003

A CFD analysis has been made for fully developed turbulent flows in a triangular bare rod bundle with pitch to diameter ratio (P/D) of 1.123. The nonlinear turbulence models predicted the turbulence­driven secondary flow in the triangular subchannel. The nonlinear quadratic $\kappa-\omega$ models by Speziale and Myong-Kasagi predicted turbulence structure in the rod bundle fairly well. The nonlinear quadratic and cubic $\kappa-\omega$ models by Shih et al. and Craft et al. showed somewhat weaker anisotropic turbulence. The differential Reynolds stress model appeared to overpredict the turbulence anisotropy in the rod bundle.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.89-96
• /
• 2023

본 연구에서는 강봉댐퍼의 변위의존성 평가, 강도 및 에너지소산능력을 평가하였다. 실험 변수는 단면형상 및 형상비이며, 총 6개의 실험체를 제작하였다. 실험 결과, 설계기준에서 제시한 변위 의존성 조건을 모든 실험체가 만족하는 것으로 평가되었다. 그리고 단면형상에 따른 강도 영향은 미비하였다. 결과적으로, 형상비 13.7의 강도 및 에너지소산능력이 우수한 것으로 평가되었다.