• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 친환경고화재와 자연토, 물을 혼합하여 포설한 후 다짐장비를 이용하여 지반을 고결시키는 임도포장공법에 대한 기초연구를 수행하였다. 포장체의 목표강도는 2.0MPa로 설정하였고 고화재의 혼합비, 자연토의 종류, 양생기간별로 공시체를 제작하여 일축압축강도특성과 내구성을 평가하였다. 일축압축강도시험은 동일한 혼합비의 시멘트를 혼합한 공시체와 친환경고화재를 혼합한 공시체를 제작하여 강도를 비교하였으며, 내구성 평가를 위한 시험은 표면마모시험, 유수저항성 시험 등을 수행하였다. 또한, 임도의 특성상 탐방객들도 이용이 가능하므로 보행만족도를 평가하기 위하여 쇠구슬과 골프공을 이용한 SB, GB시험을 수행하였다.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.537-549
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• 2016

일반적으로 쇠살대 빗물받이는 도로 표면유출 흐름을 차집하여 도시배수 시설로 배제하기 위하여 설치된다. 빗물받이의 규모 및 설치간격을 결정하기 위하여 빗물받이 차집유량 산정식이 필요하다. 그러므로 쇠살대 빗물받이 유입구의 차집능력 분석이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 도로 빗물받이의 차집유량 산정을 위해 수리실험모형을 제작하여 720회의 실험을 실시하였다. 빗물받이 제원은 현재 대부분의 국도에 설치되는 크기인 $40{\times}50cm$, $40{\times}100cm$ 및 $40{\times}150cm$를 Froude 상사법칙을 이용하여 1/2로 축소 모형을 제작하였다. 측구의 유량은 도로의 차선(2~4차선), 경사(도로 종경사 2~10 %, 측구 횡경사 2~10 %) 및 설계빈도(최대 30년)을 고려하였다. 실험 결과 측구의 횡경사가 커질수록 빗물받이로 유입되는 유량은 증가하였으며, 빗물받이 유입부의 길이가 증가함에 따라 유입부 측면부를 통한 횡유입량을 증가시켜 빗물받이 유입부의 차집효율을 증가시켰다. 실측 차집유량을 이용하여 회귀분석 실시하여 빗물받이 유입구 크기별 차집유입량 산정식을 도출하였다. 기존 경험식과 비교한 결과, 도출된 산정식은 상향된 빈도를 반영한 빗물받이 유입부의 차집유량을 보다 정확하게 산정하였으며, 도로 배수시설 설계에 기초자료로 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.568-576
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• 2005

A 3-D finite element model combined with a volume tracking method is presented in this work to simulate the mold filling for casting processes. Especially, the analysis involves an adaptive grid method that is created under a criterion of element categorization of filling states and locations in the total region at each time step. By using an adaptive grid wherein the elements, finer than those in internal and external regions, are distributed at the surface region through refinement and coarsening procedures, a more efficient analysis of transient fluid flow with free surface is achieved. Adaptive grid based on VOF method is developed in tetrahedral element system. Through a 3-D analysis of the benchmark test of the casting process, the efficiency of the proposed adaptive grid method is verified. Developed FE code is applied to a typical industrial part of the casting process such as aluminum road wheel.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.993-1000
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• 2009

The development of a new type of soil-cement concrete pavement using volcaniclastic is the main purpose of this study. Various mixture ratios, specimens' penetration resistance, time of setting, slump flow of fleshly mixed concrete, compressive strength and color characteristics of hardened concrete were studied. It was concluded that the optimum weight ratio of cement:volcaniclastic to produce good properties of soil-cement concrete is 1:3 and the use of volcaniclastic as main aggregate can improve the concrete surface color that is warm earth-tone road color. Therefore, commercial development for soil-cement concrete pavement using volcaniclastic is highly promising.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제22권B호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2002

3-D numerical studies are performed to investigate the effect of the air dam height and approaching air velocities on the pressure distribution of notchback road vehicle. For this purpose, the models of test vehicle with four different air dam heights are introduced and PHOENICS, a commercial CFD code, is used to simulate the flow phenomena and to estimate the values of pressure coefficients along the surface of vehicle. The standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ model is adopted for the simulation of turbulence. The numerical results show that the height variation of air dam makes almost no influence on the distribution of the value of pressure coefficient along upper and rear surface but makes strong effects on the bottom surface. That is, the value of pressure coefficient becomes smaller as the height is increased along the bottom surface. Approaching air velocity makes no differences on pressure coefficients. Through the analysis of pressure coefficient on the vehicle surface, one tries to assess aerodynamic drag and lift of vehicle. The pressure distribution on the bottom surface affects more on lift than the pressure distribution on the upper surface of the vehicle does. The increase of air dam height makes positive effects on the lift decrease but no effects on drag reduction.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2006

A particle image velocimetry (PlV) technique has been applied to measure the quantitative flow field characteristics behind a road vehicle with/without an air spoiler attached on its trunk and to estimate its effect on the wake. A vehicle model scaled in the ratio of 1/43 is set up in the mid-section of a closed-loop water tunnel. The Reynolds number based on the vehicle length is $10^5$. To investigate the three-dimensional structure of the recirculation zone and vortices, measurements are carried out on the planes both parallel and perpendicular to the free stream, respectively. The results show significant differences in the recirculation region and the vorticity distributions according to the existence of the air spoiler. The focus and the saddle point, appearing just behind the air spoiler, are disposed differently along the spanwise direction. Regarding the streamwise vortices, the air spoiler produces large wing tip vortices. They have opposite rotational directions to C-pillar vortices which are commonly observed in case that the air spoiler is absent. The wing tip vortices generate the down-force and as a result, they can make the vehicle more stable in driving.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2007년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.195-198
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• 2007

The type, the length, and the install space of the grate inlets in main street were designed with the consideration of discharge calculated with street surface rainfall. However, the discharge that was not intercepted at transverse grate inlets in steep local roads increases inundation areas around main street Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the flow characteristics and interception capacity at transverse grate inlets in steep local roads. Hydraulic experimental apparatus which can be changed the longitudinal slopes($2{\sim}10%$) of street, the size ($20{\sim}50cm$) and the types(TYPE I, II) of grate inlet was installed for this study. The range of the experimental discharges were from $2{\ell}/sec$ to $24{\ell}/sec$. The interception discharges of transverse grate inlets per unit width changing the longitudinal slope of steep local road were calculated by the hydraulic experimental results. The design method of transverse grate inlets was developed by the interception discharges per unit width. This design method was applied to decide the space and size of transverse grate inlets.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.9-17
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• 2014

PURPOSES : The purpose of this study is to assess removal efficiency of non-point pollutants and applicability for non-point pollutant reduction facilities by conducting the demonstration project operation. METHODS : In order to analyze removal efficiency of non-point pollutants for facilities such as a grassed swale, a small constructed wetland, a free water surface wetland, a horizontal sub-surface flow wetland, and a sand filtration, the field data including specifications of facilities, rainfall, inflow and runoff rainfall effluent etc. was acquired after occurring rainfall events, and the acquired data was analyzed for removal efficiency rate to assess road non-point pollutants facilities using event mean concentration (EMC) and summation of load (SOL) methods. RESULTS : The results of analyzing rainfall effluent, non-point pollutant sources showed that total suspended solid (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chrome (Cr), zinc (Zn), and lead (Pb) can be removed through non-point pollutant reduction facilities by 60.3% ~ 100%. Especially removal efficiency of TSS, COD and BOD is relatively higher than removal efficiency of other non-point pollutant sources in all kind of non-point pollutant facilities. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the result of this study, even though natural type of non-point pollutant reduction facilities for roads occupy small areas comparing with drainage basin areas, most of non-point pollutant sources would be removed through the facilities.

• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제32권6C호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2012

연직배수재가 설치된 연약지반 상에 도로성토를 실시할 경우 연약지반에 측방유동이 발생될 지 여부를 예측할 수 있는 방법이 제안되었다. 이 측방유동예측법을 조사하기위해 연직배수공법을 적용하여 지반개량공사가 실시된 연약지반 상에 도로성토가 시공된 우리나라 서해안과 남해안 지역 연약지반에서 계측관리가 실시된 13개 현장 200개 측점의 현장계측자료를 수집 분석하였다. 수평배수재를 설치한 연약지반에서 수평변위와 사면안전율과의 관계를 조사할 경우는 연약지반의 지표면수평변위량 보다는 지중최대수평변위량을 적용하는 것이 바람직하였다. 성토사면의 사면안전율이 1.4 이상이면 대부분의 연약지반 최대수평변위는 50mm 이하로 발생되었고 사면안전율이 1.2 이하이면 대부분의 최대수평변위는 100mm 이상으로 발생되었다. 최대수평변위량이 50mm 이하로 발생하면 전단변형이 발생하지 않았으므로 측방유동이 발생할 우려가 없는 안전한 현장으로 판단된다. 반면에 최대수평변위량이 100mm 이상으로 크게 발생하는 현장에서는 전단파괴가 발생할 가능성이 있다고 판단된다. 이런 현장에서는 즉각 대책을 강구한 후 성토를 계속함이 바람직하다고 판단된다. 또한 연직배수재를 설치한 연약지반에서 안정수가 3.0이하이고 지지안전율이 1.7 이상이면 안전한 성토시공이 가능하며 안정수가 4.3 이상이고 지지안전율이 1.2 이하이면 연약지반에 전단변형의 발생은 물론이고 전단파괴의 가능성까지도 예상된다.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2010년도 추계학술발표논문집 2부
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• pp.1033-1036
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• 2010

Since Jeju island has depended a water resource on the underground water because of a poor development of the surface flow, Jeju island is in need of the surface resource development to prevent the future shortage of the underground water due to excessive development and use of it. The study shows that the SWAT model(continuous rainfall-runoff model) is applied to estimate the outflow in the drainage watershed area, where it has been urbanized through the change of the land, such as a tourism development, cultivation, housing, and impervious layer road development. Near watershed area in Jeju island, weather and topographical SWAT input data were collected, and compared the outflow change of past and present.