• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.851-860
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• 2015

Transport Social Overhead Capital refers to public utilities necessary for a nation's basic economic activities, and is divided into roads, railway, subway, ports and so on. It is important to be able to provide these SOC in the right place at the right time to enhance productivity and competitiveness of a nation. In this study, correlation and factor analysis on countries' socioeconomic and transport indicators were performed in order to understand the need for expansion of SOCs including railway, and to identify the impact they have on national competitiveness(productivity). As a result, GDP showed high correlativity(0.59~0.99) with factors such as population, land area, extension of available railroad, and road extension. Specifically, through the analysis of Russia's urban transport system and comparison between socioeconomic indices and SOCs of OECD countries, it was examined that how increasing transport infrastructure investments could enhance national competitiveness. In conclusion, opening new Light Rail greatly affects the growth of GDP followed by the increasing extension of available railroad. Furthermore, if available railroad extension is increased by 10 % from 2014, assuming high speed tram is opened, GDP will likely increase by 21.6%.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.34-41
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• 2017

Vehicle to Infrastructure(V2I) communication means the technology between the vehicle and the roadside unit to provide the Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS) and Telematic services. The vehicle collects information about the probe data through the evolved Node B(eNodeB) and after that eNodeB provides road conditions or traffic information to the vehicle. To provide these V2I communication services, we need a link adaptation technology that enables reliable and higher transmission rate. The receiver transmits the estimated Channel State Information(CSI) to transmitter, which uses this information to enable the link adaptation. However, due to the rapid channel variation caused by vehicle speed and the processing delay between the layers, the estimated CSI quickly becomes outdated. For this reason, channel interpolation and prediction scheme are needed to achieve link adaptation in V2I communication system. We propose the Advanced Discrete Prolate Spheroidal Sequence(ADPSS) channel interpolation and prediction scheme. The proposed scheme creates an orthonomal basis, and uses a correlation matrix to interpolate and predict channel. Also, smoothing is applied to frequency domain for noise removal. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperforms conventional schemes with the high speed and low speed vehicle in the freeway and urban environment.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.662-674
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• 2014

In this study, accident frequency prediction models were constructed by collecting variables such as geometric structures, safety facilities, traffic volume and weather conditions, land use, highway design-satisfaction criteria along 780km (4,372 sections) of 4 lane-highways over 8 areas. As for models, a fixed parameter model and a random parameter model were employed. In the random parameter model, some influences were reversed as the range was expressed based on specific probability in the case of no fixed coefficients. In the fixed parameter model, the influences of independent variables on accident frequency were interpreted by using one coefficient, but in the random parameter model, more various interpretations were took place. In particular, curve radius, securement of shoulder lane, vertical grade design criteria satisfaction showed both positive and negative influence, according to specific probability. This means that there could be a reverse effect depending on the behavioral characteristics of drivers and the characteristics of highway sections. Rather, they influence the increase of accident frequency through the all sections.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.175-181
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• 2009

Intelligent Transportation Systems(ITS) enables road users to enhance efficiency of their trips in a variety of traffic conditions. As a significant part of ITS, information communication technology among vehicles and between vehicles and infrastructure has been being developed to upgrade current traffic data collection technology through location-based traffic surveillance systems. A wider and detailed range of traffic data can be acquired with ease by the technology. However, its performance level falls with environmental impediments such as large vehicles, buildings, harsh weather, which often bring about wireless communication failure. For imputation of vehicle trajectory data discontinued by the failure, several potential existing methods were reviewed and a new method to complement them was devised. AIMSUN API(Application Programming Interface) software was utilized to simulate vehicle trajectories data and missing vehicle trajectories data was randomly generated for the verification of the method. The method was proven to yield more accurate and reliable traffic data than the existing ones.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.225-240
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• 2022

Gyeonggi-do comprises several types of areas, including urban, semi-urban, and rural areas. The availability of public transportation services varies depending on the area types, but the fare structure is based on a simple transfer rule, i.e., a transfer is free when completed within 30 minutes. As a result, users in non-urban areas with a poor frequency of public transportation services do not receive transfer discounts because most of the bus routes in these areas have a gap of more than 30 minutes between services. In terms of equality of opportunity, the transfer rule is being applied unfavorably and, as a result, equality of opportunity of the non-urban commuter is severely affected. Therefore, this study analyzed the user benefits mainly stemming from transfer fares using the smart card data of commuters using public transportation in Gyeonggi-do. An index called the beneficiary rate of the free transfer was developed and a scenario analysis was conducted based on the various levels of the rate. The results of this analysis proved that the users of public transportation services in non-urban areas in Gyeonggi-do can only receive transfer benefits by the extended time for free transfer and not by the implementation of a uniform policy irrespective of the type of area. The study also suggested an equitable fare transfer system and policy alternatives.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.15-29
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• 2021

The signal intersection is the most challenging space for autonomous vehicles. To promote the safe driving of autonomous vehicles on urban roads with traffic signals, autonomous vehicles need to receive traffic signal information from infrastructure through V2I communication. Thus, a protocol for providing traffic signal information was added to the standard traffic signal controller specification of the National Police Agency. On the other hand, there are technical limitations when applying this to digital traffic signal controllers because the protocols are defined mainly for analog traffic signal controllers. Therefore, this study proposes developing a signal information linkage module to provide traffic signal information from a digital traffic signal controller to an autonomous vehicle and an algorithm improvement method that can provide accurate traffic signal information at the time of traffic signal transition.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.220-233
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• 2017

Traffic volumes are fundamental data widely used in various traffic analysis, such as origin-and-destination establishment, total traveled kilometer distance calculation, congestion evaluation, and so on. The low number of links collecting the traffic-volume data in a large urban highway network has weakened the quality of the analyses in practice. This study proposes a method to estimate the traffic volume data on a highway link where no collection device is available by introducing a spatial statistic technique with (1) the traffic-volume data from TOPIS, and National Transport Information Center in the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and (2) the navigation data from private navigation. Two different component models were prepared for the interrupted and the uninterrupted flows respectively, due to their different traffic-flow characteristics: the piecewise constant function and the regression kriging. The comparison of the traffic volumes estimated by the proposed method against the ones counted in the field showed that the level of error includes 6.26% in MAPE and 5,410 in RMSE, and thus the prediction error is 20.3% in MAPE.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.94-103
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• 2015

This study analyzes the influence factors on elderly pedestrian accident. Elderly people are easy to be badly injured by car accidents compared to younger people. Therefore, various plans and measures are required to protect elderly pedestrian from accidents. However, pedestrian accidents studies only focused on microscopic factors such as attribute of driver, pedestrian, road design. In order to prevent pedestrian accident and reduce the severity of the accident, not only microscopic factors but macroscopic variables such as urban planning and facility should be considered. In this regard, this study develops an ordered probit model introduced the characteristics of urban facility which were not considered in the previous studies. The result shows that there is higher level of accident severity in such areas as large commercial area, well-developed area with transportation infrastructure service and non-pedestrian safety zone. Thus, various and appropriate countermeasures should be prepared in order that pedestrian accident can be prevented in the areas mentioned above. In addition to the aforementioned variables, it is revealed that other variables including vehicle speed, gender and age of pedestrian, weather condition, type of vehicle, etc. partly affect the severity of pedestrian accident.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.75-83
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• 2017

The cultural tendency based on sharing and cooperation, which has recently been a hot issue, accelerates throughout the world. This study began with a perception that a sharing culture is inherent in urban public spaces. This study aims to conduct a theoretical study of the sharing culture and to analyze the characteristics of the design composition of public spaces. This study selected squares in 16 European cities as cases for analysis. The results are summarized as follows:1)To analyze the design characteristics of public spaces in which a sharing culture is inherent, this study drew the shape and type of planes and sharing elements such as accessibility, symbolism and activity with the squares in the cases. 2)The shape of planes in the squares in the cases has been formed in close relations with the historic meaning and events of the area and the process of the construction of buildings surrounding the square. The squares in the cases were classified into seven plane types, and these squares have developmentally contributed to the formation of a sharing culture as a place for free participation and communication concerning social issues. 3)In the squares in the cases, the weight of road-centered access appears high, and in terms of the construction of human-friendly / environment-friendly infrastructure in the city or judging from the trend of the recent increase of pedestrian-centered plans for public space, it is judged that approaches with a high utilization rate of sidewalk or public transportation would be desirable. 4)Symbolic elements of the square become a device by which citizens can share the historic symbolism, along with artistic inspiration. In addition, by serving as an observatory from which people can take a view of the landscape of the city, it allows visual sharing of the entire city as well as the square. 5)A square is common pool resources in the community, and it is necessary to vitalize that in a direction of increasing the possibility of sharing, through the characteristics and methods of the composition of public design.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.480-487
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• 2012

In Busan, the structural limitations of the road, is causing severe traffic congestion and low speed of the vehicle. So the existing traffic control system needs improvements to its structure. A study on Optimal Traffic Signal System and Improvement for User Oriented Public Transit Service are required. U-city is a city or region with ubiquitous information technology. All information systems are linked, and virtually everything is linked to an information technologies. U-Traffic goal is to maximize of traffic information services based on advanced information technology to integrate of transportation infrastructure. The objectives of this research are : a vehicle detection method through a variety of sensors, an algorithm of the traffic signal system, a design and implementation a simulator to compare between the fixed traffic signal and adaptive traffic signal system. This simulator will have allowed analysis techniques for the study of traffic control. Results of simulator test shows that traffic congestion can be some reduce.