• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.1128-1132
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• 2005

세굴을 일으키는 주요 원인은 와류의 작용에 의해서라고 알려져 있다. 와류를 일으키는 인자에는 흐름조건, 흐름의 변화, 하상재료, 그리고 교각의 형상 등이 있다. 그러나 세굴현상은 이들 인자 외에도 다른 원인들과 함께 복합적인 형태로 나타나기 때문에 수리 및 수치모형실험으로는 정확한 세굴을 규명하기 힘들다. 최근 국내에서는 보다 정확한 세굴을 관찰하기 위해 실시간 세굴모니터링이 이루어지고 있다. 이에 맞추어 실시간 세굴모니터링을 위해 초음파 세굴심 측정 센서가 개발되었는데, 이 센서는 수공구조물에 설치할 수 있어 평수 시뿐만 아니라 홍수 시에도 세굴의 변화를 관찰할 수 있다는 장점을 갖고 있다. 이 센서에 사용된 초음파는 반사면에 따라 반사파의 특성이 달라지는 성질을 갖고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 초음파의 성질에 착안하여 초음파 세굴심센서를 이용한 하상재료 판단에 대한 실내실험을 실시하였다. 주로 하상에서 접할 수 있는 입자를 선정하여 실험을 실시하고 실험으로부터 획득된 초음파의 반사파자료를 이용하여 각 시료를 분류할 수 있는 정량적 근거를 제시하였다. 그리고 이 자료의 현장적용성을 검토하기 위하여 현장의 자료와 비교 및 분석하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.1535-1540
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• 2006

하천의 평형상태를 판단하기위해 필요한 두가지 관점은 첫째, 대상 하천이 현재 평형상태에 있는 가이고 둘째, 하천에 하상변동을 일으킬 수 있는 인위적인 영향을 가한 후에 하천반응을 통해 궁극적으로 결정되는 평형상태를 예측하는 것이다. 따라서 본 연구는 하도의 특성을 토대로 하여 현 하도의 평형상태를 정성적인 측면에서 검토하고, 흐름과 유사 이송에 관련된 수학모형을 수치적으로 해석하는 하상변동모형의 분석을 통한 현하도의 안정성 및 하상변동 양상을 파악하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 임진강 유역의 충적하천인 문산천을 대상으로 지배유량을 산정한 후 지배유량 유하시의 마찰속도와 무차원 소류력 등의 하도특성량을 산정하여 토사이송이 크게 발생하는 구간을 정성적으로 예측하였다. 예측된 구간의 현장조사결과 $No.29{\sim}No.35$ 구간의 하상의 상승은 개수공사와 수해복구공사로 인한 인위적인 굴착에 대한 퇴적으로 하천이 평형상태로 환원하고자 하는 것으로 판단되었고, $No.41{\sim}No.54$ 구간의 하상저하는 문산천 상류구간의 큰 하상경사와 보의 영향인 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 1, 2차원 모형에 의한 장 단기 하상변동 분석결과 하도특성량을 이용한 하도의 안정성 평가와 유사한 결과를 보였다. 따라서 문산천의 경우 하상변동의 양상 파악 및 하도의 안정성 판단을 하는데 있어 하도특성량을 근거로 판단하는 방법의 적용가능성을 파악할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.893-899
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• 2003

In this study, a realtime bridge scour monitoring system was installed and operated to measure the real scour depths in relatively hard and rocky bottom. And riverbed change at before and after flood was investigated by GPR(Ground Penetrating Radar) to check the rationality of measured values. As the result of this study, it was revealed the inaccuracy of equilibrium scour depth estimation through the bridge scout equations because most of the equations do not reflect the differences of geological characteristics, evaluated the real scour depths considering both bed and flow conditions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.911-918
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• 2013

Two - dimensional numerical analysis model(RMA2), is mainly applied to analyze the flood water levels, velocities and change of river bed at the downstream of Dam. The analysis result be able to influence to Gwangchon bridge from Juam dam, freeboard be insufficient 0.7m to left bank 300m section of dam downstream. Bank overflow is appear to all section of Bosung river to PMF spill condition. Inundated district is appear to river confluence to 200year frequency and is expand to bank overflow to PMF spill condition. Velocity in the channel was simulated high velocity to the bridge and narrow reach and appear to riverbed degradation.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.836-844
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• 2009

A denitrification bacterium was isolated from riverbed soil and identified as Ochrobactrum sp., whose specific enzymes for denitrification metabolism were biochemically assayed or confirmed with specific coding genes. The denitrification activity of strain G3-1 was proportional to glucose/nitrate balance, which was consistent with the theoretical balance (0.5). The modified graphite felt cathode with neutral red, which functions as a solid electron mediator, enhanced the electron transfer from electrode to bacterial cell. The porous carbon anode was coated with a ceramic membrane and cellulose acetate film in order to permit the penetration of water molecules from the catholyte to the outside through anode, which functions as an air anode. A non-compartmented electrochemical bioreactor (NCEB) comprised of a solid electron mediator and an air anode was employed for cultivation of G3-1 cells. The intact G3-1 cells were immobilized in the solid electron mediator, by which denitrification activity was greatly increased at the lower glucose/nitrate balance than the theoretical balance (0.5). Metabolic stability of the intact G3-1 cells immobilized in the solid electron mediator was extended to 20 days, even at a glucose/nitrate balance of 0.1.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 1999

The purpose of this study is to derive the optimal methodology estimating the changes of fluvial hydraulic characteristics due to semi-covering work of urban stream. First, after collecting the data of the daily maximum rainfall of Chungju gaging station, the frequency analysis was carried out with frequency factor method, which includes normal, two-parameter and three-parameter lognormal, Gumbel-Chow, pearson type III, log-pearson type III distribution, and the goodness of fit test was executed by $x^2$-test and Kormogorov-Smimov test. Using the SCS method, the effective rainfall was estimated and the peak flow was calculated by the area-routing method. The HEC-2 model was applied to calculate water surface profiles for steady, gradually varied flow at Kyohyun river system in Chungju city. The model was applied to floodplain and riverbed management to evaluate flood way encroachments and to delineate flood hazard by riverside roadway construction. The model also was used to evaluate effects on water surface profiles of river improvement and levees as well as the presence of bridges or other hydraulic structures in the floodplain.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.101-109
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• 1998

Recently, improvement of the quality of urban riverscape environment has been emphasized not only by landscape architectural field but also by various professionals in planning and ecology. Regarding to this current movement, the aim of this paper is to highlight major visual elements of riverscape axis as a case study of Shinchon River in Taegu City to suggest some basic guidelines for arranging riverscape in urban area. The study was mainly based on Repertory Grid Development method which was developed in Japan. The method is consist of three steps such as decision of element landscape in study area for slide photos, selection of evaluation items for interview and obstraction of proper evaluation factors. The major findings through this study are as follows; 1) The 12 major visual elements which possibly improve riverscape, based on abstraction of proper evaluation factors, are Dunchi, surface of the water,, equipment of river, buildings near riverside, river vertical and horizontal facilities like bridge, fine view, riverbed, water plant, naturalness, water's edge line, harmony and street trees by order. 2) Total numbers of adjective which describe 12 common factors are 25, such as clean, open, stable, quiet, comfortable, friendly, bright, natural etc. In addition, Dunchi was described 337 times by various adjectives, surface of the water was 200 times and arrangement of river was 146 times which is similar result with the order of 12 influential common factors. 3) Therefore, Dunchi, surface of the water and equipment of river are three most important factors which could create better riverscape. These three factors implies us how we supply good quality of urban river environment for the urban residents.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.253-261
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• 2015

The chemical water quality and fish assemblage of Dong Stream to assessment of environmental improvement after discharge seawater were investigated from July to December 2013. BOD and DO were significantly different between before and after discharge seawater, while pH and SS did not significant. A total of 11 fish species, 218 individuals and 10,525.1g were collected. Dominant fish species were Mugil cephalus, Konosirus punctatus, Acanthogobius flavimanus and Leiognathus nuchalis which account for 77.5% of total individuals collected, and they were estuarian species. Peak number of species and individuals, and biomass occurred in September, whereas diversity index were highest in November. The water ecosystem of Dong Stream have been changed estuarian environment. As a result of stream assessment on water quality and ecosystem, water quality have been improved as 'III' grade. These results suggested that stream restoration policies such as drain pipes maintenance, management of pollution sources and riverbed dredging to improve environment and recover habitate of Dong Stream were need for set up and establishment of regular monitoring system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2008.05a
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• pp.977-981
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 행정중심복합도시 예정 및 주변지역의 금강과 미호천 일부 구간을 대상으로 하상변동의 실태 분석과 수위유지시설 설치에 따른 장기 예측을 실시하였다. 1988년, 2002년 및 2007년의 횡단자료를 이용하여 대상구간의 종방향 하상변동 실태를 분석한 결과 금강과 미호천 구간 모두 2007년 최심하상고는 1988년에 비해 심한 저하가 발생된 반면 2002년에 비해서는 미소한 변화가 발생되었다. 수위유지시설 설치에 따른 하상변동 장기 예측을 수행하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 미육군 공병단에서 개발한 1차원 모형인 HEC-RAS 4.0 모형을 적용하였다. 고정상 모형의 수행을 통하여 수면고의 이상치를 보정(calibration)하였으며, 1988년과 2002년 횡단자료를 사용하여 이동상 모형에서의 검정(verification)을 실시하였다. 2007년을 기준으로 하여 2017년까지 향후 10년간 수위유지시설의 설치 높이에 따른 시나리오별 하상변동을 예측한 결과 미호천 대상구간은 그 영향이 미미하였으나 금강 대상구간은 수위유지시설의 높이가 높을수록 많은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 수위유지시설의 설치 높이가 7m일 경우 금강 대상구간은 설치하지 않을 경우보다 미호천합류점 상류부근에서 1.59m의 퇴적이 발생할 것으로 모의되었으며, 수위유지시설 하류부근에서 1.98m의 침식이 발생할 것으로 모의되었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2006.03a
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• pp.808-817
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• 2006

There were huge damages of human beings and their properties in many areas of the basin of the Nak-Dong river by the unusual weather and the localized downpour recently. In this research against disasters, we want to know the special quality of strength of the cemented sand that is mixed with cement and poor-graded sand which is the materials of riverbed in the basin of the Nak-Dong river as levee's material. For that, we want to provide the fundamental data which need in the examination of adaptation of levee's material, design and analysis by investigating compressive strength by curing period and cement ratio, elastic modulus and stress by transformation from compaction test, CBR test, unconfined compression test, triaxial compression test as changing ratio of sand and cement from 2% to 8% at two points in the basin of the Nak-Dong river.