• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제54권6호
• /
• pp.2244-2252
• /
• 2022

Based on GIS technologies, a decision support system (GIDSS) has been developed to remediate agricultural lands in the Bryansk region (Russia) contaminated by ¹³⁷Cs after the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. GIDSS is a multilevel system consisting of basic, information and computational layers. GIDSS allows justifying a targeted approach for the remediation of agricultural lands belonging to agricultural enterprises for the production that meets the established radiological requirements for the content of radionuclides. Evaluation of the effectiveness of alternative remediation technologies and the selection of optimal measures were carried out at the level of elementary plots using radiological criteria. The introduction of GIDSS will enable agricultural producers in the south-western districts of the Bryansk region to conduct radiation-safe agro-industrial production in radioactively contaminated areas, which will help improve the socio-economic situation of the region and return it to normal living conditions.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제31권5호
• /
• pp.321-333
• /
• 2022

본 연구에서는 대산 석유화학 산업단지에서 배출되는 BTEX (benzene toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene)의 농도 및 분포 특성을 조사하여 지역주민에 대한 잠재적 위해성을 파악하였다. 산업단지 인근 지역주민들은 다양한 매체(공기, 물, 토양), 특히 공기를 통해 화학물질에 노출될 수 있다. 이 연구는 결정론적 및 확률론적 위해성 평가 접근 방식을 모두 사용하여 흡입에 의한 인체 건강 위험을 평가하였다. 결정론적 위해성 평가 결과 모든 지점에 대해 비발암 위해도의 유해지수(HI) 1.0보다 훨씬 낮은 결과가 나타났다. 그러나 발암 위해성 평가 결과, 산업단지 내에 위치한 A 지점에서 벤젠에 대한 초과발암위해도는 2.28×10^-6로 기준치인 1.0×10^-6을 약간 상회하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 해당 지점에 대한 확률론적 위해성 평가 결과, 보수적 기준인 1.0×10^-6을 초과하는 Percentile은 45.3%로 나타났으며, 민감도 분석 결과 노출시간(ET)가 결과에 미치는 영향이 가장 크다고 판단되었다. 인체 위해성 평가 결과, 에틸벤젠, 톨루엔, 자일렌에 대해서는 인체에 위해한 영향이 적은 것으로 판단되었으나, 벤젠은 초과발암위해도 기준(1.0×10^-6)을 초과하는 것으로 나타났다. 산업단지에서 공기 중 VOCs에 대한 광범위한 모니터링을 통해 이러한 잠재적 위험을 평가하기 위한 추가적인 연구가 필요하다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.362-371
• /
• 2023

Background: PM_2.5 pollution has been a persistent problem in South Korea, with concentrations consistently exceeding World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. The aging of the population in the country further exacerbates the health impacts of PM_2.5 since older adults are more susceptible to the adverse effects of air pollution. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate how the health impact (premature death) due to long-term exposure to PM_2.5 in South Korea could change in the future according to the trend of change in the country's population structure. Methods: The study employs a relative risk function, which accounts for age-specific relative risks, to assess the changes in premature deaths by age and region at the average annual PM_2.5 concentration for 2022 and at PM_2.5 concentration improvement levels. Premature deaths were estimated using the Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM). Results: The findings indicate that the increase in premature deaths resulting from the projected population structure changes up to 2050 would significantly outweigh the health benefits (reduction in premature deaths) compared to 2012. This is primarily attributed to the rising number of premature deaths among the elderly due to population aging. Furthermore, the study suggests that the effectiveness of the current domestic PM_2.5 standard would be halved by 2050 due to the increasing impact of population aging on PM_2.5-related mortality. Conclusions: The study highlights the importance of considering trends in population structure when evaluating the health benefits of air pollution reduction measures. By comparing and evaluating the health benefits in reflection of changes in population structure to the predicted PM_2.5 concentration improvements at the provincial level, a more comprehensive assessment of regional air quality management strategies can be achieved.