• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.157-165
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• 2020

This paper estimates the optimum level of reserves in Vietnam based on the approach of reserves' cost-benefit and sovereign risk which is one of developing countries' characteristics. The cost of reserves is the opportunity cost when holding reserves. The benefit of reserves is the loss due to country's default in case that there is no reserves to finance external debt payment. The optimum reserves is found out by minimizing the total of opportunity cost and loss due to country's default with the probability of default. Through the usage of HP Filter method for calculating the loss due to country's default, ARDL regression for the risk premium model and lending rate of VND as proxy for opportunity cost together with the Vietnamese economic data in the period of 2005 - 2017, the empirical results show that the optimum reserves in Vietnam is almost higher than the actual reserves during the research period except the point of Q3/2008 and the last point of research period - Q4/2017. Therefore, Vietnam should continue to increase reserves for safety but Vietnam does not need pushing quickly the speed of increasing reserves. In addition, controlling Vietnamese optimum reserves is necessary to help the actual reserves become reasonable.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2012

The objective of this paper is to propose a method of how to perform risk assessment in the early stage of defense research and development for the acquisition of weapon systems. An advanced method for risk assessment and its associated objective functions are developed first based on the concept of systems engineering. The developed method is then applied to carry out the analysis of alternatives in the trade-off environments. As a case study, the multi-purpose training ship is considered, where it is performed using the notions of technology readiness levels, degrees of difficulty, and technology need values to facilitate design space visualization and decision maker interaction. It is noted that decision makers can benefit from our approach as an improved risk assessment method in the context of multi-criteria decision making.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2012

주요 설비를 설치 이전하거나 구조부분을 변경하기 전에 안전성을 심사 확인하여 이들에 대한 근원적인 안전성을 확보하기 위해 고용노동부는 제조업 유해 위험방지계획서 제도를 1982년부터 시행하고 있다. 그러나 주요 산업재해를 발생시키고 있는 취약업종이 제도 적용 대상에서 제외되어 근원적인 재해예방에 한계가 있다. 이러한 제도의 한계를 해결하고자 유해 위험설비의 대상업종 8개를 선정하여 이에 따른 비용편익을 분석하였다. 비용편익 분석방법은 정책 실행수단을 선택하거나 정책의 기대효과를 추정하기 위한 가장 기초적인 분석방법으로, 규제 실행의 정당성을 입증해 주는 기본 자료로서 활용하였다. 분석 결과 1차 금속 제조업의 편익이 가장 크게 나타났으며 다음으로 자동차 및 트레일러 제조업, 기타 제품 제조업, 기타 기계 및 장비제조업, 목재 및 나무제품 제조업, 고무제품 및 플라스틱 제조업, 식료품 제조업, 가구 제조업 순으로 높게 나타났다. 따라서 국가경쟁력을 강화하며 근로자의 신체와 생명을 보호하고, 재해나 사망으로 발생되는 사회적 비용을 저감시켜 국가 전체의 후생수준을 증대시키기 위해 8개 업종으로 유해 위험방지계획서의 작성을 확대할 필요가 있다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.63-73
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• 2019

This study suggests a method for calculating the benefits of water pipe renewal based on an estimate of the water supply suspension risk. The proposed method based on five benefit items is more direct and specific than other benefit estimation methods. In addition, a methodology evaluating the economics of pipe renewal based on pipe failure rate is proposed for estimating the optimal renewal point from an economic perspective. By estimating the optimal renewal period based on a yearly benefit cost ratio per pipe in a case study area, it was possible to draft an optimal renewal plan for the subject region from an economic perspective. Compared with other methodologies, a reasonable optimal renewal period was derived from an economic point of view. The result of this study may be used to develop future water pipe renewal plans. Moreover, the proposed methodologies and results derived from this study can be applied to asset management plans.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.40-46
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• 2011

위험성 평가에서 비용-편익분석의 목적은 위험성 평가를 통해 도출된 부가적인 위험감소조치의 편익이 그 조치를 수행하는 데 든 비용보다 많음을 확인하고, 그 조치를 이행하는 것이 적절함을 보여주는 데 있다. 본 논문에서는 도시가스 고압배관의 위험성 평가에 따라 도출한 위험감소조치를 이행함에 있어 가장 효과적이고 합리적인 조치를 선정하기 위하여 비용-편익 분석을 실시하였다. 도출한 위험감소조치를 적용하여 위험성 평가를 다시 실시한 결과, 배관부식방지조치, MOV 설치 및 타공사 방지조치를 하도록 한 10번 조치가 위험감소효과가 75 %로 가장 컸으며, 비용-편익 분석 결과 합리적으로 실행가능한 것으로 판단되어 본 논문의 연구대상 배관의 위험감소조치로 선정하였다.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2000

For the prevention of marine accidents based on human factor, the risk assessment analysis procedure is proposed which consists of (1) the structural analysis of marine accident, (2) the estimation of incidence probability based on the Fault Tree analysis, (3) the prediction of ef-fectiveness to reduced the accident risk by suitable countermeasures in the specified functional system, and (4) the risk assessment by means of minimizing of the total cost expectation and the background risk. As a practical example, the risk assessment analysis for preventing is investigated using the proposed method.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.230-238
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• 2003

Objectives : To estimate the value of statistical life (VSL) and health damage cost on theoretical mortality estimates due to environmental pollution. Methods : We assessed the health risk on three environmental problems and eight sub-problems. Willingness to pay (WTP) was elucidated from a questionnaire survey with dichotomous contingent valuation method and VSL (which is the division of WTP by the change of risk reduction) calculated from WTP. Damage costs were estimated by multiplying VSL by the theoretical mortality estimates. Results : VSLs from death caused by air pollution, indoor air pollution and drinking water contamination were about 0.3, 0.5 and 0.3 billion won, respectively. Damage costs of particulate matters ($PM_{10}$) and radon were higher in the sub-problems and were above 100 billion won. Because damage cost depends on theoretical mortality estimate and WTP, its uncertainty is reduced in the estimating process. Conclusion : Health damage cost or risk benefit should be considered as one scientific criterion for decision making in environmental policy.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2001

Cost-benefit analysis was investigated to propose the analysis method of the effect of investment and the optimum investment level of safety management cost for preventing gas accident in the B governor station. From five classifications of safety management costs consisting of cost items with similar characters and potential accident costs calculated by risk assessments(FMEA/HAZOP), we found that the order of the benefit(the reduction cost of the potential accident cost) was the instrument increase and repair cost > the safety checking and inspection cost > the labor and training cost > the safety equipment and corresponding cost > the research and development cost. As the benefit was increased with increasing the investment cost, the effect of investment was increased with decreasing the Investment cost. As a result, the optimum safety management cost was estimated and the investment level was analyzed by the model of optimum investment level.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.68-71
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• 2002

A research on accident loss calculation for polyol process without safety management activities, and safety cost estimation using process risk assessment has been implemented. In order to estimate a magnitude of loss, accident scenarios were made by combining result made from HAZOP Study method with accident possibility analysis results implemented with FTA. Also effect assessment was implement for accident consequence of each scenario. And minimum possible loss cost has been calculated when safety investment do or not. Result from cost-benefit analysis was shown as approximately \335 billion(=USS44,000 billion), as cost after subtracting safety management cost from minimum possible loss cost.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.505-529
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• 2022

라돈은 폐암사망 위험을 일으키는 방사성 가스이다. 본 논문은 조건부가치측정법(CVM)을 이용하여 우리나라 주택에서의 라돈 노출로 인한 사망자의 통계적 생명가치(VSL)를 20억 5,373만 원으로 추정하였다. 2020년의 경우, 주택 라돈으로 인한 사망자 수는 2,330명, 그 사회적 비용은 4조 7,836억 원으로 추정하였다. 주택에 대한 국가 라돈 농도 규제기준을 200Bq/m³로 설정하면 691명의 사망자 수가 감소하여 1조 4,191억 원의 사회적 편익이 발생하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문은 주택 라돈 노출의 원천과 특징 및 건강위해성(health risk)을 상세히 논하고 주택 라돈 저감을 위한 정책 예산의 획기적인 증액이 중요함을 강조하였다.