• 한국안전학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.16-23
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• 2020

The use of construction machinery has been increasing every year due to the large scale, high-rise and lack of workers in construction work. On the other hand, deaths are on the rise every year due to inadequate risk management for construction machinery work. In addition, the number of deaths caused by the lack of signals or insufficient signals during construction machinery work is increasing rapidly, and it is deemed necessary to analyze the actual conditions and take countermeasures. Therefore this study has developed the Strength Risk Index (SRI) based on the Frequency Risk Index (FRI) and the 5W1H by analyzing in-depth deaths caused by construction machinery over the past five years. The risk index (RI) was assessed using the frequency and strength risk index derived to determine whether it is acceptable (acceptable risk < 0.25 ≦ unacceptable risk) and the risk assessment method for reducing risk was proposed by applying 3E (Engineering, Education, Enforcement) measures for each level of risk for unacceptable risk. It also proposed measures to improve the system, such as requirements for signal numbers, mandatory placement standards, and mandatory installation of side and rear monitoring cameras, as measures for accidents caused by failure to deploy signals or insufficient signals, which account for the highest proportion of deaths among construction machinery operators and workers.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.206-211
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• 2017

Background: Self-reported low back pain (LBP) has been evaluated in relation to material handling lifting tasks, but little research has focused on relating quantifiable stressors to LBP at the individual level. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Composite Lifting Index (CLI) has been used to quantify stressors for lifting tasks. A chemical exposure can be readily used as an exposure metric or stressor for chemical risk assessment (RA). Defining and quantifying lifting nonchemical stressors and related adverse responses is more difficult. Stressor-response models appropriate for CLI and LBP associations do not easily fit in common chemical RA modeling techniques (e.g., Benchmark Dose methods), so different approaches were tried. Methods: This work used prospective data from 138 manufacturing workers to consider the linkage of the occupational stressor of material lifting to LBP. The final model used a Bayesian random threshold approach to estimate the probability of an increase in LBP as a threshold step function. Results: Using maximal and mean CLI values, a significant increase in the probability of LBP for values above 1.5 was found. Conclusion: A risk of LBP associated with CLI values > 1.5 existed in this worker population. The relevance for other populations requires further study.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2016

Purpose: Increase in suicide rate for senior citizens which has become widespread in our society today. It is not a normal social phenomenon and is beyond the danger level. The contents of this study include Korean senior citizens' suicide related risk factors and warning signs, and the development of a simple Geriatric Suicide Risk Scale. Methods: This study is Methodological Research to verify reliability and validity of the Geriatric Suicide Risk Scale according to the tool development process suggested by Devellis (2012). Results: For predictive validity assessment, high suicide screening accuracy was showed with an Area under the ROC curve (AUC) of .93. For the optimal cutoff point of 11, sensitivity was 93.9%, and specificity, 75.7% which are excellence levels. Cross validity for assessment of generalization possibility showed the Area under the ROC curve (AUC) as .82 and in case of a cutoff point of 11, sensitivity was 73.7%, and specificity, 65.9%. Conclusion: When it comes to practical nursing, it is significant that the Korean Geriatric Suicide Risk Scale has high reliability and validity through adequate tool development and the tool assessment step to select degree of suicide risk of senior citizens. Also, it can be easily applied and does not take a long time to administer. Further, it can be used by health care personnel or the general public.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.267-277
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the applicability of braden scale to assess pressure ulcer risk patients and to identify additional risk factors of pressure sores in an neurologic intensive care unit. Method: The subjects of this study were 66 patients in neurologic intensive care units. Data was prospectively collected from Sep. to Dec., 2002. Data were analyzed by mean, percentage, t-test, chi-square, discriminant analysis using Spss pc+. Result: The results of this study were as follows: 1) There was a significant difference between scoring of braden scale and pressure ulcer development. The subscales that predicted pressure ulcer development using braden scale only were sensory perception, moisture, mobility, friction & shear. By using these subscales, sensitivity was 86.7%, and specificity was 61.1%, and total hit ratio was 72.7%. 2) Additional pressure ulcer risk factors which showed significance for discriminating two group were protein, albumin, gender, level of consciousness, pattern of bowel elimination. By using the combination of these additional risk factors in addition to the braden scale, total hit ratio increased to 84.8%. Conclusion: This data suggest that albumin, protein, gender, level of consciousness, pattern of bowel elimination in addition to the braden scale should be included in the pressure sore assessment tool.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2016

Purpose: Globally, falls are a major public health problem. The study aimed to evaluate the predictive validity of the Timed Up and Go test (TUGT) as a screening tool for fall risk. Methods: An electronic search was performed Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Cochran Library, KoreaMed and the National Digital Science Library and other databases, using the following keywords: 'fall', 'fall risk assessment', 'fall screening', 'mobility scale', and 'risk assessment tool'. The QUADAS-II was applied to assess the internal validity of the diagnostic studies. Thirteen studies were analyzed using meta-analysis with MetaDisc 1.4. Results: The selected 13 studies reporting predictive validity of TUGT of fall risks were meta-analyzed with a sample size of 1004 with high methodological quality. Overall predictive validity of TGUT was as follows. The pooled sensitivity 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.67-0.77), pooled specificity 0.58 (95% CI: 0.54-0.63) and sROC AUC was 0.75 respectively. Heterogeneity among studies was a moderate level in sensitivity. Conclusion: The TGUT's predictive validity for fall risk is at a moderate level. Although there is a limit to interpret the results for heterogeneity between the literature, TGUT is an appropriate tool to apply to all patients at a potential risk of accidental fall in a hospital or long-term care facility.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2021년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.635-637
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• 2021

사이버 보안성 평가란 위협 및 취약성 분석을 통해 시스템의 위험 수준을 평가하여 적절한 보안조치를 취하기 위한 과정이다. 최근 증가하고 있는 사이버 공격과 지속적으로 개발되는 지능형 보안 위협에 대비하기 위해 정확한 보안 평가 모델이 필요하다. 따라서 보안 장비와 구간, 취약점마다 가중치를 할당하여 점수화하는 매트릭 기반 보안 평가 모델 분석을 통해 위험도 평가 모델을 제시한다. 사이버 보안성 평가 시 필요한 요소들을 간략화하고 기업 환경에 맞춰 평가가 가능하다. 보안 장비별 평가를 통하여 기업 환경에 더 적합한 평가를 시행하여 추후 사이버 보안 평가 연구에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 1994년도 교수 연수회(환경)
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• pp.681-691
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• 1994

The American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) has proposed a threshold limit value (TLV) for benzene of 0.1 ppm. Individuals representing the American Petroleum Institute (API)and the Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA) have argued that 1) the risk assessment by Rinsky .et al. which ACGIH partially relied upon for its proposed TLV overestimates the risk; however, at the exposures levels of interest - (e.g., 0.1 to 1.0 ppm) for establishing a benzene TLV, the Rinsky et al. assessment provides lower estimates of leukemia risk than most others; 2) ACGIH should not use the Dow study for direct observational evidence of leukemia risk associated with low-level benzene exposure because of confounding exposure; however, it is unlikely that confounding exposures played a role in the excess of leukemia demonstrated in the study, and the Dow cohort was exposed to an average benzene concentration of about 5.5 ppm benzene for 7.11 years (31:1.5 ppm-years), while some of the individuals in the study who died from leukemia were exposed to an average of only 1.0 ppm without the opportunity for highpeak exposures; 3) the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) established an 8-hour time-weighted average (TWA) of 1.0 ppm in 1987, and there is no new evidence that would justify reducing the TWA below that level; however, the OSHA TWA of 1.0 ppm was based on economic feasibility and the level of excess risk remaining at 1.0 ppm, i.e., 10 excess leukemia deaths per 1000 workers over an occupational lifetime (45 years) according to OSHA's preferred estimate leaves behind I risk considered significant by OSHA. In addition, chromosomal studies among workers and in animals exposed to benzene indicate that low-level exposure, i.e., 1.0 ppm, is associated with elevated Cytogenetic damage. On the basis of adverse health effects data alone, in this author's opinion, it would be poor science and poor public health policy to establish a benzene TLV greater than 0.1 ppm.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.33-55
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• 2018

생물다양성 감소의 가장 주요한 원인으로 외래생물의 유입이 지적되고 있으며, 특히 침입외래종으로 인한 서식지 파괴, 경제적 손실, 인체 피해 등이 가속화되고 있다. 국내에 유입된 외래생물은 2167종으로 생태계위해성평가를 통해 위해성이 높은 꽃매미(Lycorma delicatula), 붉은불개미(Solenopsis invicta), 뉴트리아(Myocastor coypus), 갯줄풀(Spartina alterniflora) 등 21종이 생태계교란 생물로 지정되어 있다. 국내에 유입될 경우 생태계에 부정적인 영향을 줄 수 있는 위해우려종은 생태계위해성심사를 통해 127종이 지정되어 있다. 이처럼 외래생물을 목록화하여 유입을 사전에 예방하고, 유입된 외래생물에 대한 피해를 최소화하기 위해 생물다양성 보전 및 이용에 관한 법률이라는 국가차원의 관리제도가 마련되었으나, 위험도에 따른 체계적인 관리체계 구축이 부족한 실정이며, 위해성 예측시 평가기준 및 분류군별 생태적 특성을 반영한 위해성평가표가 개발되어야 할 것이다.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1524-1530
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• 2008

Generally a road vehicle's wrong entry into level crossing gives rise to hazardous events, the eventual collision with a approaching train depends on the effective operation of safety barriers such a abnormal condition detecting or emergency braking. In this paper, the risk assessment models developed for the level-crossing accidents will be introduced. The definition of hazardous events and the related hazardous factors are identified by the review of the accident history and engineering interpretation of the accident behavior. A probability of the hazardous events will be evaluated by the FTA, which is based on the accident scenario. For the severity estimation, the critical factors which can effect on the consequence will be reviewed during the ETA. Finally, the number of casualty for the public(vehicle drivers) and the train passengers are converted into an equivalent fatality.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1515-1524
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• 2008

In this study, railway accidents from constructing or maintaining works on/near operating line were reviewed during 2005-2007 years. Causes and hazards analysis of these accidents was performed to make an accident scenario for risk assessments. And the risk of worker casualty on/near operating line was quantitatively assessed. Also a constitution method of Risk Matrix for manage tolerable risk level was proposed.