• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.15-19
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• 2001

쌀겨시용량 및 시용시기가 벼 생육환경에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 포장시험은 미사질양토(전북통)에서 쌀겨 무시용, 쌀겨 1.8 Mg/ha(1.8RB). 쌀겨 3.5 Mg/ha (3.5RB)등 3처리구와 질소수비구를 두어 벼 이앙후 5일에 쌀겨를 표면처리 하였다. 포트 시험은 쌀겨 처리시기를 이앙후 5일, 10일, 15일, 20일 처리 등 4처리를 두어 벼 수량, 잡초 발생량, 토양특성 및 수질 등을 검토하였다. 쌀겨 시용 시 논물 중 EC, $NO_3\;^-$의 농도는 시용후 25일까지 높게 유지되었고, 그후에는 감소되었다. 지하침투수중 양분 용출량은 $NO_3\;^-$, $K^+$가 많았고, 쌀겨 시용량이 많을수록 약간 증가되었다. 또한 토양 중 질소함량은 3.5RB시용에서 $NH_4-N$는 화학비료 시용보다 적은 반면, $NO_3-N$는 약간 많았으며, 1.8RB에서는 $NH_4-N$는 화학비료 시용보다 50%정도 적었으나 $NO_3-N$는 비슷한 수준이었다. 쌀겨 시용시 잡초 발생양상은 쌀겨 시용량이 많을수록 잡초발생수가 적이 3.5RB 시용은 화학비료대비 68%까지 감소되었다. 쌀겨처리시기별 잡초발생은 이앙후 5일 처리에서 잡초발생량이 제일 적었으며 처리시기가 늦을수록 잡초 발생량이 많았다. 쌀겨 시용량별 벼 수량은 1.8 RB 단용처리에서 4.41 Mg/ha, 3.5 RB에서는 4.87 Mg/ha정도였으나, 1.8 RB 및 3.5 RB에 질소수비 처리구는 쌀겨단용처리보다 $14{\sim}15%$ 증수되었다. 쌀겨 시용 시기별수량은 이앙후 5일처리에서 제일 높았고, 쌀겨처리 시기가 늦을수록 벼 수량이 점점 떨어지는 경향이었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.622-629
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the effect of rice bran dietary fiber powder on serum lipid levels, bowel function, and mineral absorption in rats. Four weeks old male Sprague Dawley rats(SD rat) were divided into four groups : control group fed 5% cellulose as a fiber source, RB10 fed 5% of cellulose and 10% of rice bran dietary fiber powder, RB20 and RB30. The animals were fed the experimental diets for 4 weeks. Serum lipid levels were not significantly different among the groups. But, fecal total cholesterol(TC), triglycerides(TG), and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-c) excretion increased in the RB30 group. Fecal weight and fecal water content were higher in the rice bran added groups than those in the control group. Transit time was significantly shorter in the rice bran fiber-added groups than that in the control. Weight of the stomach and large intestine in the RB20 and RB30 groups were significantly greater than those in the other groups. Absorption rates of Ca, Mg, P, and Zn decreased significantly in the RB30 group compared to those in the other groups. A high amount of rice bran increased fecal lipids, including TC, TG and HDL-c. Rice bran increased fecal weight and fecal water content and shortened gastrointestinal transit time. However, a high level of rice bran diet decreased mineral absorption rates.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.3-10
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• 2000

The present study was aimed at investigating the nutritional and physiological significance of rice bran as a source of dietary fiber as compared to pectin and wheat bran. The parameters for comparison included hypertrophy and morphology of intestines, stool weights and villus marker enzyme activity. For 6 weeks, 10 Sprague Dawley male rats were given one of six experimental diets: 1% cellulose control (CC), 5% pectin (P5), 5% rice bran(RB5), 10% rice bran(RB10), 5% wheat bran (WB5) or 10% wheat bran (WB10) based on the level of dietary fiber. Among experimental groups, food efficiency ratio and body weight gain was comparable. RB10 increased cecal and colonic tissue weights and content weights of cecum and colon as much as P5 did. Stool weight was positiviely correlated with colonic tissue weight (r=0.727, P<0.001), with colonic content weight(r=0.647, P<0.001). Small intestine length increased most in the P5 group, followed by the RB10 group. The scanning electron micrograph of jejunal villi from rice bran groups showed a leaf-shaped, smooth and regular pattern, whereas that of CC group produced a rather long shape. The wheat bran groups showed an irregular leafshaped pattern, and the pectin group typically produced leaf-shaped villi with surface damage. The activities of villus marker enzymes (maltase and sucrase) were higher in the bran-fed rats than in the control or pectin-fed rats. The results indicate than not only dietary fiber amounts but also fiber sources are closely related to the physiology and morphology of the large and small intestines in rats. Rice bran exerted effects on fecal output and trophic effects on the intestines similar to those of pectin.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.201-208
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• 1988

Fifty-six lactating Surti buffaloes, fed rice straw, were allocated to seven treatment groups as follows: 1. Straw supplemented with 2% urea (SS) + 1.5kg rice bran (RB) 2. Straw treated with 4% urea in an open stack (TS open) 3. TS open + 1.5 kg RB 4. TS open + 3.0 kg RB 5. TS open + 1.5 kg RB + 3.0 kg Gliricidia (Gl) 6. Straw treated with 4% urea in a closed pit (TS closed) 7. TS closed + 1.5 kg RB + 3.0 kg Gl Milk production, butterfat percentage and liveweight gain of cows and calves were measured and tested with analysis of variance. The results are: - The animals on urea treated straw (group 2) had a higher milk production (p<0.05), higher butterfat production (p<0.05) and less liveweight gain loss (p<0.05) than the animals on urea supplemented straw (group 1). Butterfat percentage also increased by treatment, although not significantly (p>0.05). - Increasing levels of rice bran (groups 3 and 4 compared to 2) increased total milk production and milked quantity of butterfat, while butterfat percentage decreased (p < 0.05). - Milk production increased (p <0.05) with extra rice bran added (group 4 compared to 3), but was not affected (p > 0.05) by Gliricidia addition (group 5 compared to 3). Butterfat percentage dropped with extra rice bran supplement (p <0.05). The lack of response to Gliricidia indicated that protein is not limiting in treated straw, or that Gliricidia protein is partly insoluble. - System of treatment had no effect on milk production (p >0.05), while supplementation with 1.5 kg RB and 3.0 kg Gliricidia increased production and caused a lower butterfat percentage (p <0.05) (groups 2, 5, 6 and 7 compared). A significant (p <0.05) interaction treatment system x supplementation was present. It was concluded, that both treatment and supplementation did affect milk production as well as milk composition. Gliricidia addition gave less effect than rice bran, indicating different requirements for starchy substances in the feed. Treatment of straw does not negatively affect butterfat production, it can increase butterfat production and even butterfat percentage.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.490-496
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• 2000

In vivo digestibility, nitrogen retention and microbial protein yield from diets of 100% ammonia treated rice straw (ARS) ($D_1$); 65% untreated rice straw (URS)+30% rice bran (RB)+5% SBM ($D_2$) and 85% ARS+15% RB ($D_3$) were determined using three Japanese Corriedale wethers in a $3{\times}3$ Latin Square Design. Results showed that DM consumption and organic matter digestibility were highest in $D_3$; but did not promote high protein digestibility, which RB+SBM had effected in URS based-diet. Dry matter intake and OM digestibility were the same for $D_1$ and $D_3$. Solubility of fiber bonds was increased by ammoniation, resulting in higher NDF digestibility. Nitrogen retention and microbial protein yield of rice bran supplemented groups was higher than ARS, but supplementation did not significantly increase efficiency of microbial protein synthesis from ARS which did occur when RB+SBM was added to untreated straw. The quality of ammoniated rice straw could be improved through RB supplementation because of its positive effects on DM digestibility, nitrogen retention and microbial protein yield. However, the addition of RB+SBM to URS resulted to more efficient N utilization.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권7호
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• pp.906-912
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• 2000

The effect of ammonia treatment and rice bran supplementation on the in situ rumen degradation of rice straw was determined using three Japanese Corriedale wethers fitted with permanent rumen cannula. About 4 g samples of diets containing 100% untreated rice straw (URS); 100% ammonia treated rice straw (ARS); 65% URS+30% rice bran (RB)+5% soybean meal (SBM) (T1); and 85% ARS+15% RB (T2) were incubated at 0, 4, 8, 16, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours in the rumen of sheep to measure dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradability. The DM disappearance of ARS based diets were about 20% higher than that of URS based diets. Rice bran supplementation improved DM disappearance of URS but not on ammoniated straw. Degradation parameters showed that ammoniation increased rate (c) of straw degradation resulting to higher DM and fiber degradability but RB supplementation did not. ARS gave similar DM and CP solubility and effective rumen degradability (ED) with that of the supplemented groups indicating that ammoniation alone can give the same effect on rumen degradability of sheep receiving low quality roughage. All degradation parameters for NDF were consistently higher in ARS based-diets indicating improved fiber solubility. Rice bran supplementation did not affect degradation characteristics of the diets except on soluble DM and CP fraction (A) of URS but not on ARS.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.213-218
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• 1988

Forty eight growing bulls of two breed types(red Sahiwal and white Kilari), fed rice straw, were allocated to nine treatment groups: 1. Control straw (CS) 2. Urea upgraded straw (UUS) 3. UUS + 0.25 kg coconut cake (CC) 4. UUS + 0.75 kg CC 5. UUS + 0.25 kg rice bran (RB) 6. UUS + 1.00 kg RB 7. UUS + 0.25 kg RB + 0.25 kg CC 8. UUS + 1.00 kg RB + 0.25 kg CC 9. CS + 1.00 kg RB + 0.25 kg CC Liveweight gain was measured weekly during 15 weeks and tested in three analyses of variance. The results are: Urea upgraded straw produced a liveweight gain $180g.d^{-1}$ higher (P <0.01) than control straw. The groups supplemented with 0.25 kg coconut cake and 1.00 kg rice bran showed an increase of $100g.d^{-1}$ (p < 0.05) over the unsupplemented groups. No interaction between straw upgrading and supplementation was present (P > 0.10). Both rice bran and coconut press cake, supplemented to upgraded straw at a level of 0.25 kg, did not increase liveweight gain (P>0.05), but 1.0 kg rice bran increased gain by $90g.d^{-1}$ (P<0.05). A supplement of 0.75 kg coconut press cake to upgraded straw increased liveweight gain by $160g.d^{-1}$ compared with 0.25 kg or 0.00 kg coconut cake supplement (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between breed types (P>0.10) or interactions between breed and the other two main treatments (upgrading and supplementation). It was concluded. that both urea upgrading and supplementation of rice straw increase animal performance. The effect of urea upgrading was the same for both supplemented and unsupplemented animals. There was no indication of a nonlinear effect of supplements on growth.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.640-646
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• 2008

쌀겨와 발효쌀겨, 쌀겨유의 쇼트닝 대체에 따른 제빵특성 변화에 대하여 조사하였다. 빵 반죽에 대한 쌀겨의 첨가는 제빵 후 명도의 감소, 황색도 및 적색도의 증가와 전반적 물성 변화를 가져오나, 5% 정도의 쌀겨 첨가는 쌀겨의 기능성을 가지면서 대조구와 외관 및 물성적으로 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 효모로 예비 발효한 발효쌀겨의 첨가는 대조구와 큰 차이를 보이지 않으면서 texture 및 풍미가 향상되었다. 빵 반죽에 대한 쌀겨유의 쇼트닝 대체는 첨가 수준이 클수록 반죽 내 비 용적이 감소되었다. 황색의 쌀겨유의 첨가는 반죽의 명도를 낮추고 황색도를 증가시켰다. 또한 쇼트닝의 쌀겨유 대체는 경도, 씹힘성 그리고 부서짐 등의 증가를 가져오는 불리한 점이 있으나, 50% 정도의 쌀겨유 대체는 빵의 물성변화에 있어 대조구와 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 또한 쌀겨유의 대체는 관능평가에서 부피의 상대적 감소 및 경도의 증가로 인한 질감의 저하를 가져오나, 제빵 후 풍미 향상을 유도하는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 쌀겨, 발효쌀겨 그리고 쌀겨유의 제빵과정 중 첨가는 빵의 색, 부피 등 외관상 대조구에 비하여 다소 변화를 가져올 수 있으나, 쌀겨 특히, 발효쌀겨의 첨가는 오히려 맛 과 풍미 향상을 가져오는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제53권spc호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2008

쌀겨 시용량에 따른 벼 생육 및 쌀 품질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위하여 10a 당 쌀겨 100, 250, 500 kg 3수준으로 모 이앙전 10일에 본답 처리하였으며, 화학비료는 기준시용 및 50% 감량으로 단독 및 쌀겨 혼용 처리를 하였다. 화학비료 단독처리구(100% RF)와 쌀겨 단독처리구(200% RB, 100% RB, 50% RB)를 비교하여 보면 쌀겨처리구가 이앙 후 30일째에는 초장 생육이 저조하였으나, 출수기에서의 조사에서는 처리구간 유의성이 인정되지 않아 쌀겨 처리에 따른 초기 초장 생육 저조현상이 시간이 흐름에 따라 회복되었음을 알 수 있었다. 쌀겨의 단독 처리보다는 50% 화학비료와의 혼용처리가 수량에 있어서, 화학비료 기준시용보다 비슷하거나 높게 나타나 쌀겨 혼용처리가 화학비료 시용량을 낮출 수 있었다. 쌀겨의 시용량이 많을수록 등숙률이 낮아지는 경향을 보였으며, 수수와 초장은 반대의 경향이었다. 또한 미질 특성에 있어서는 쌀겨 시용량이 많아질수록 단백질 함량과 분상질립의 비율이 높게 조사되었으나 완전립의 비율은 낮게 조사되었다. 아밀로스 함량은 화학비료 단독 처리구 $17.9{\sim}18.1%$, 화학비료 50%+쌀겨 혼용처리구에서 $17.3{\sim}17.8%$로 나타나 화학비료 단독처리구보다 혼용 처리구에서 아밀로스 함량이 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 쌀겨 처리량에 따라 벼 생육 및 미질에 영향을 주었으며, 화학비료 50% 시용시 쌀겨를 혼합처리하면 비료 기준시용과 비슷하거나 높은 수량을 얻을 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.577-587
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• 2011

This study was carried out to evaluate the manufacturing characteristics of organic liquid fertilizer with poultry manure, soybean meal, and rice bran at plastic house in Chungbuk Agricultural Research and Extension Service. Treatment was given 3 treatments; poultry manure+soybean meal (PM+SM), poultry manure+rice bran (PM+RB), and soybean meal+rice bran (SM+RB). The obtained results from this study were summarized as follows; The pH in liquid fertilizer was consistently increased in PM+SM treatment, and was increased after decreased at early season in PM+RB and SM+RB treatments. The electriacl conductivity(EC) in liquid fertilizer was rapidly increased from $2^{nd}$ weeks to $4^{th}$ weeks after fermentation in PM+SM and PM+RB treatments, and was rapidly increased from $4^{th}$ weeks to 6th weeks after fermentation in SM+RB treatment. The amount of $H_2S$ gas occurrence was the highest as $1,200\;mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ in early season, and was the lowest as $50\;mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ at $12^{th}$ weeks after fermentation of organic liquid fertilizer. The temperature of organic liquid fertilizer was stabilizing in $4^{th}$ weeks after fermentation. The yield of well of nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium was increased with increasing fermentation periods. It was not change from $4^{th}$ weeks after fermentation in content of calcium, magnesium and sodium in organic liquid fertilizer.