• Title/Summary/Keyword: Rhus javanica L

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A Study on the evaluation of antimicrobial activity of extracts from Rhus javanica L fruit (붉나무 열매 추출물의 항균효능 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Jang, Deok-Young;Yang, Jae-Chan
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.145-152
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    • 2020
  • In this study, the antimicrobial activity was tested by Ethanol extract(ET), Ethyl acetate fraction(EA) and Butanol fraction(BT) of Rhus javanica L fruit as natural preservatives. The antimicrobial activity were tested by Paper disc method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for microorganisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida Albicans). As a result of the antimicrobial activities of P. aeruginosa fruit extracts have shown the clear zone that S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. In BT, additional clear zones were observed for the Candida. The MIC results showed that EA samples showed the lowest concentrations for S. aureus S. epidermidis, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. Accordingly, it can be concluded that these Rhus javanica L fruit extracts have the potential for antimicrobial materials for the cosmetic industry.

Chemical Components from the Stem Bark of Rhus javanica L. (붉나무 수피의 성분)

  • Chung, Sun-Chae;Hwang, Bang-Yeon;Oh, Gab-Jin;Kang, Shin-Jung;Kim, Mi-Jeong;Choi, Woo-Hoi;Lee, Kyong-Soon;Ro, Jai-Seup
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.295-300
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    • 1999
  • Seven compounds were isolated from the n-BuOH extract of the dried stem barks of Rhus javanica L. On the basis of physico-chemical, spectroscopic evidences and comparison with authentic samples, the compounds $1{\sim}7$ were identified as gallic acid (1), methyl gallate (2), scopoletin (3), scopolin (4), $1,\;2,\;3,\;4,\;6-penta-O-galloyl-{\beta}-D-glucose$ (5), orcinol (6) and $orcinol-{\beta}-D-glucoside$ (7). Among these compounds, scopolin, $orcinol-{\beta}-D-glucoside$ were isolated from this plant for the first time.

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Phylogeny of Korean Rhus spp. Based on ITS and rbcL Sequences (ITS 및 rbcL 염기서열에 근거한 한국 자생 옻나무속의 계통분류)

  • Lee, Won-Kyung;Kim, Myong-Jo;Heo, Kweon
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.60-66
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    • 2004
  • This study was carried out to confirm the phylogenetic relationships in Korean Rhus species. Sequences from internal transcribed spacers (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and rbcL gene of chloroplast DNA were determined. Cotinus coggygria was selected as outgroup because it is closest allied with Rhus in Anacardiaceae. Also, ingroup was limited as six Korean Rhus species. ITS 1 sequences in six species of Rhus and one species of Cotinus ranged from 246 to 253 bp and ITS 2 sequences from 234 to 244 bp. Concerning the G+C content of the studied taxa, ITS 1 sequences ranged from 58.0 to 68.13% and ITS 2 from 59.75 to 68.46%. On the other hand, rbcL sequences were same size in the all species examined by 1,428 bp. G+C contents of rbcL sequences were ranged from 43.56 to 43.77% which means there are nearly no different from interspecies each other. Phylogenetic tree strongly supports the colse relationships between R. succedanea and R. sylvestris. Rhus javanica and Cotinus coggygria were also closely allied with each other in ITS and rbcL trees. Therefore, R. javanica was regarded as most primitive species among the Korean Rhus species. ITS 1 region of nuclear ribosomal DNA was suggested as very useful taxonomical marker for genus Rhus.

Gall formation on different age, habitat, and parasite position in Rhus javanica L. (붉나무의 수령, 서식지 및 기생위치에 따른 오배자 형성)

  • Jo, Hyeong-Chan;Han, Kwang-Soo;An, Eun-Yong
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.304-311
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    • 2000
  • This study was conducted to investigate the ratio and number of the Rhus javanica gall formed by chinese sumac aphid, Scheleechtendalia chinensis, in several different conditions in which R. javanica lives. The density of 11 to 15-year-old R. javanica was more higher and the number of galls was also higher than 1 to 5- or over 16-year-old one at these sites. The formed gall according to four directions such as the East, West, South and North was founded the highest at the East and followed South, North, and West order. The formative rate of R. javanica gall did not differ in the mixture forest, and in the habitat having a heap of a little stone and mosses near a valley was better than in the site of road perimeter. Through an index of the gall diameter and the number of chinese sumac aphid, we evaluated the gall processing and development formed by the aphid. As the density of aphids increase, the size of the gall was also more plumped. The part of phyllotaxy of R. javanica gall in leaf and pinnate of was increased in the middle and upper part of terminal leaflet and leaflet was more occupied than wing. R. javanica which did not form a gall in natural environmental, formed gall by a artificial inoculation of S. chinensis. Some gall disappeared during a gall development from various environmental conditions.

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Evaluation of Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitory and Antioxidative Activities of Rhus javanica (오배자 추출물의 Acetylcholinesterase 저해 및 항산화 활성 평가)

  • Bae, Jong-Sup;Lee, Hyun-Shik;Lee, Ha Yeong;Yoo, Byung-Hyuk;Kim, Taewan;Kim, Yong Han;Kim, Tae Hoon
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.19 no.5
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    • pp.751-756
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    • 2012
  • Antioxidant capacity and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of the aqueous methanolic extract of Rhus javanica were investigated in vitro. The antioxidant properties was measured by radical scavenging assays using DPPH and $ABTS^+$ radicals. The AChE inhibitory efficacy of R. javanica was tested by Ellman's assay and the total phenolic content was determined using a spectrophotometric method. All tested samples showed a dose-dependent AChE inhibitory and radical scavenging activities. In particularly, ethyl acetate (EtOAc)-soluble portion from the methanolic extract of R. javanica showed significantly higher inhibitory activity than other organic solvent soluble-portions in an AChE and radical scavenging assay systems. These results suggest that R. javanica may be possess potential benefits which might be useful in development of antioxidant and anti-alzheimer's disease ingredient.

Antimicrobial Activity of Rhus javanica Extracts Against Animal Husbandry Disease-Related Bacteria (가축질병 균주에 대한 오배자 추출물의 항균활성)

  • Choi, Il
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.32 no.8
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    • pp.1214-1220
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    • 2003
  • Antimicrobial activity of Rhus javanica (RJ) extract against animal husbandry disease-related bacteria was determined by a paper disc method. The RJ extracts showed a significant antimicrobial activity against Gram positive (+) bacteria and especially the activity was most potent against L. monocytogenes and S. epidermidis. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the MeOH and EtOH extracts of RJ were in the range of 0.8 ∼ 16 mg/mL and 0.8 ∼ 10 mg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, among five solvent fractions (n-hexane, CHC1$_3$, EtOAc, n-BuOH and $H_2O$ frs.) from MeOH extract of RJ, the EtOAc fr. exhibited the most significant antimicrobial activity The antimicrobial activities of RJ extracts against most microbial strains were unstable by either heat treatment or acid treatment. The inhibitory effect of RJ extracts on microbial cell growth was further examined by the addition of 0, 100, 300, and 500 ppm of RJ extracts into growth medium. The growth of gram positive (+) bacteria, S. aureus, S. epidermidis and L. monocytogenes was inhibited for 72 hours when at least 300 ppm of RJ extracts added, but the growth of gram negative (-) bacteria was only inhibited when at least 500 ppm of RJ extracts were added. Taken together, tile antimicrobial activities of RJ extracts were more effective against gram positive (+) bacteria compared to those against gram negative (-) bacteria.

Reconsideration of Rhus (Anacardiaceae) with Respect to Fruit, Seed and Inflorescence (한국산(韓國産) 옻나무속(屬) 과실(果實)과 종자(種子) 및 화서(花序)의 분류학적(分類學的) 재고(再考))

  • Chun, Jae Min;Kim, Sam Shik
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.86 no.3
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    • pp.288-300
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    • 1997
  • Morphology and anatomy of the fruit and seed of eight species of Rhus (Anacardiaceae) were investigated. The inflorescence of R. typhina was an apical and erect thysus, that of R. javanica was panicle. while that of the others were an axillary and pendulous panicle. Anatomical investigation of the pericarp showed that exocarp and mesocarp in R. javanica and R. typhina were integrated, but its in the others were disintegrated and uniform. In all these species, endocarp consisted of distinctly three lignified cell layers (outer, middle and inner endocarp) and crystal layers. The surface sculpturing of mature seed was variable and also contributed to understanding of species delimitation and relationships within the genus. Categorization by cluster analysis with 27 characters obtained from morphological and anatomical features of the fruit and seed resulted in two groups : R. trichocarpa - R. javanica group vs. R. ambigua - R. verniciflua - R. sylvestris - R. succedanea group. Taxonomic significance for the genus by these characters was supported by results of principal component analysis. The keys for the genus Rhus were provided using morphological and anatomical characters of the inflorescence, and fruit and seed.

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Antibacterial Activity of Herbal Medicine Extracts against Edwardsiella tarda (어병세균 Edwardsiella tarda에 대한 한약재 추출물의 항균활성)

  • Kim, Ah-Ra;Kim, Do-Kyun;Byun, Tea-Hwan;Jo, Eun-Jee;Lee, Eun-Woo;Kwon, Hyun-Ju;Kim, Byung-Woo;Kim, Tae-Hoon;Lee, Kyung-Bon;Kim, Young-Man
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.87-90
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    • 2011
  • The methanol extracts of 19 commercial herb medicines was analyzed to antibacterial activities against Edwardsiella tarda, causing several fish diseases. Rhus javanica showed most strong antibacterial activity against E. tarda and Escherichia coli. Methanol extract of R. javanica was further extracted using several organic solvents having different polarity. Extract from ethyl acetate fraction showed strong activity against E. tarda as well as E. coli. Minimal inhibitory concentration, MIC of R. javanica extract was measured and resulted showing $64\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ for E. tarda and $256\;{\mu}g/m{\ell}$ for E. coli. It is needed that, from these results, further purification and isolation of reposible compound of these activities and further study on the synergy effect using combination with antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria.

Synergistic Effect of Rhus javanica Linne Ethanol Extract Containing Several Synergist (항산화 효과가 있는 붉나무 추출물의 몇가지 synergist 첨가 효과)

  • Chang, Young-Sang;Choi, Ung;Shin, Dong-Hwa;Shin, Jae-Ik
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.24 no.2
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    • pp.149-153
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    • 1992
  • Antioxidative effects of crude ethanol extract of the Rhus javanica L. and its fractionates with various synergists on the oxidation of palm oil, lard and soybean oil were compared with induction period(IP) using a Rancimat test. Addition of 200 ppm of the crude extract with phosphoric acid to palm oil extended IP 2.89 times as much as that of control and ethyl acetate fractionate extended IP 4.18 times at the same condition. To lard, 600 ppm of chloroform fraction with 200 ppm of ${\delta}-Tocopherol$ extended IP 13.42 times as much as that of control. 200 ppm of each fraction with various synergists were added to palm oil and lard, and oxidative stability of the oils were monitored by measuring POV, AV, and TBA value. The POV of palm oil containing 200 ppm of ethyl acetate and chloroform fraction with 200 ppm of phosphoric acid after 27 days storage at $60^{\circ}C$ were 8.9 meq/kg and 9.4 meq/kg respectively while the POV of control was 98.3 meq/kg at the same condition. AV and TBA value were also lower than that of control. The POV value of lard containing same amount of ethyl acetate and chloroform fraction with ${\delta}-Tocopherol$ after 12 day storage at $60^{\circ}C$ were 20.0meq/kg and 10.7 meq/kg respectively while the POV of control was 161.1 meq/kg at the same condition. AV and TBA value were also lower than that of control.

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Characteristics of Seedling Quality of Rhus javanica L. 1-year-old Container Seedling by Fertilization Level (붉나무 1년생 용기묘의 시비수준별 묘목품질 특성)

  • Yang Soo Kim;Sang Geun Kim;Jung Suk Um;Geun Sik Kim;Ki Seon Song;Jae Sun Yi
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2022.09a
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    • pp.74-74
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    • 2022
  • 본 연구는 붉나무의 기능성 성분의 산업화 활용을 위한 고품질의 붉나무 1년생 용기묘 대량생산을 위해 실시되었다. 붉나무 1년생 용기묘의 묘목품질의 향상을 위해 다양한 농도의 시비처리하여 우량묘 생산에 적합한 시비수준을 구명하고자 하였다. 시비실험은 무시비구 포함하여 수용성 복합비료 (N:P:K=20:20:20, v/v)를 1,000mg·L-1, 2,000mg·L-1, 3,000mg·L-1 수준으로 실시하였다. 시비처리는 붉나무 용기묘의 간장과 근원경 생장은 1,000mg·L-1 시비처리구에서 생장이 가장 좋게 나타났으며 시비수준이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 뿌리형태 특성분석에서도 전체뿌리길이, 투영단면적, 표면적 및 뿌리부피가 간장과 근원경 생장과 동일한 경향을 보이는 것으로 조사되었다. 건물 생산량은 부위별 잎, 줄기, 뿌리 및 전체가 모두 1,000mg·L-1 시비처리구에서 가장 높았으며, 그 이상의 시비수준에서는 점점 감소하는 경향을 보였다. H/D(Hight/Root collar diameter)율은 전체가 3.82(무시비구) ~ 4.90, T/R(Top/Root)율은 전체가 0.56(1,000mg·L-1 시비처리구) ~ 0.82로 조사되었다. 시비처리 에 의한 붉나무의 LWR(Leaf dry weight ratio)은 무시비구, SWR(Shoot dry weight ratio)은 3,000mg·L-1 시비처리구, 그리고 RWR(Root dry weight ratio)은 1,000mg·L-1 시비처리구에서 유의적 차이를 보이며 높게 나타났다. 묘목품질지수(QI)의 경우 1,000mg·L-1 시비처리구에서 12.13으로 다른 시비수준들보다 월등히 높았다. 본 실험의 결과를 종합하면, 뿌리발달이 좋은 우량한 붉나무 생산에 적절한 시비수준은 1,000mg·L-1 정도인 것으로 판단된다.

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