• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.269-272
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• 1992

208 yeast strains were isolated from air at El-Minia city, Egypt. Using 22 morphologi cal and physiological merkmals, these strains were identified and assignned to eight species belonging to seven genera. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Cryptococcus albidus were the most dominant species followed by Debaryomyces hansenii. These yeast species occurred regularly, whereas other species appeared sporadically. Rh. rubra, Saccharomyces kluyveri and Rh. aurantiaca were also isolated from the sampled air. The results of this study showed that time, hight and area of air sampling affect composition and total counts of yeast microflora in the air.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 1993

269 yeast strains were isolated from water samples collected from different sites in Minia governorate. These included 126 strains from fresh water, 108 strains from sewage and 35 strains from wastewater from sugar-cane factory. On the basis of 23 different physiological and morphological merkmals, the isolated strains were assigned to 16 species belonging to 11 genera. Total yeast cell counts as well as spectra of yeast species were highly variable in tested water. Total yeast cell counts ranged between $3.0{\times}10^3/l\;and\;1.8{\times}10^6/l$ for fresh water, $3.0{\times}10^4/l\;and\;3.0{\times}10^7/l$ for sewage and $1.5{\times}10^6/l\;and\;2.6{\times}10^7/l$ for wastewater from sugarcane factory. Debaryomyces hansenii, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Torulaspora delbrueckii were the dominant species in fresh water, whereas Debaryomyces hansenii, Thrichosporon beigelii, Rhodoforula mucilaginosa and Kluyveromyces marxianus were the dominant species in sewage and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Kluyveromyces marxianus and Trichosporon beigelii were the dominant species in wastewater from sugar-cane factory. Yeast human pathogens, Trichosporon beigelii, Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Candida albicans were encountered in water samples indicating that water in El-Minia governorate is also polluted by some pathogenic yeasts.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.28-33
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• 2014

Various yeasts from wild flowers of Ulleungdo in Gyeongsangbuk-do and Yokjido in Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea were isolated and identified by comparison of nucleotide sequences for PCR-amplified D1/D2 region of 26S rDNA using BLAST. Forty eight yeast strains of twenty two species and sixty yeast strains of twenty five species were isolated from wild flowers of Ulleungdo and Yokjido, respectively. Only seven species were overlapped from the two different islands areas: Cryptococcus albidus, Cryptococcus laurentii, Metschnikowia reukafii, Pichia scolyti, Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodotorula graminis and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Among forty species from two different islands, other thirty three species were restricted to specific collection site suggesting that each area has distinctive yeast flora.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.73-76
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• 1993

227 red yeast strains were isolated from air (60 isolates), plant flowers (45 isolates), soil (40 isolates), water (37 isolates) and dairy products (45 isolates). On the basis of 33 different physiological and morphological properties, the isolated strains were assigned to 6 species belonging to 4 genera. Rhodotorula mucilaginosa and Cryptococcus albidus were the most dominant species among red yeasts of the air, plant flowers, water and dairy products, whereas Cryptococcus albidus and Rhodotorula glutinis were prevailed in soil. Cryptococcus laurentii was represented by considerable number of strains, whereas the other spesies were of low occurrence. Noteworthy was the isolation of 2 different groups of isolates belonging to Rhodotorula glutinis. These groups were differentiated from each other on the basis of rhamnose, cellobiose and arabinitol assimilation and growth at $37^{\circ}C$. Systematic position of Rhodotorula glutinis was discussed.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2008

In searching for yeast to be utilized as biocontrol agents, a single yeast strain was isolated from Camellia sinensis based on its morphological, cultural, physiological, and biochemical properties, as well as by molecular techniques. This single strain was pink to red in color and designated as strain JY-1. The effects of temperature, pH, NaCl concentration, and ethanol concentration on the growth of the JY-l strain were examined for the JY-1. Growth occurred at temperatures ranging from 20 to $35^{\circ}C$, and between pH 3.0 and 12.0, with optimal growth at $25-30^{\circ}C$ and pH 5.0. The yeast also grew in the presence of 0-2% (w/v) NaCl and 0-4% (v/v) EtOH. The isolate was further classified based on biochemical characteristics using the VITEK system. The biochemical data obtained using this system were similar to those of Rhodotorula glutinis/Rhodotorula mucilaginosa (exhibiting a 93% matching level). Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on l8S rDNA sequences indicated that the yeast represented a basidiomycetous species, and its highest degree of sequence similarity was with Rhodosporidium azoricum, strain JCM11251 (99%).

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.30-30
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• 2014

We isolated various yeasts from wild flowers in main islands, Jejudo, Ulleungdo and Yokjido of Korea and their yeasts were identified by comparison of their PCR-amplified D1/D2 regions of 26S rDNA using the BLAST database. Thirty two yeast strains of fourteen species were isolated from wild flowers of Jejudo. Forty eight yeast strains of twenty two species were isolated and identified from wild flowers of Ulleungdo, Korea. Sixty yeast strains belonged to twenty five species were isolated identified from wild flowers of Yokjido in Tongyeong, Korea. Only Metschnikowia reukaufii was overlapped from the three different islands areas. Two species overlapped from Jejudo and Ulleungdo: Pichia guilliermondii, Metschnikowia reukaufii. Seven species were overlapped from Ulleungdo and Yokjido: Cryptococcus albidus, Cryptococcus laurentii, Metschnikowia reukafii, Pichia scolyti, Rhodotorula glutinis, Rhodotorula graminis and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. Four species were overlapped from Jejudo and Yokjido: Candida sp. Cryptococcus aureus, Metschnikowia reukafii and Pseudozyma sp.

• Mycobiology
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.379-387
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• 2023

In this study, twenty-five yeast strains were isolated from soil samples collected in the gold mining ore in Gia Lai, Vietnam. Among them, one isolate named GL1^T could highly tolerate Cu²⁺ up to 10 mM, and the isolates could also grow in a wide range of pH (3-7), and temperature (10-40 ℃). Dried biomass of GL1 was able to remove Cu²⁺ effectively up to 90.49% with a maximal biosorption capacity of 18.1 mg/g at pH 6, temperature 30 ℃, and incubation time 60 min. Sequence analysis of rDNA indicated this strain was closely related to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa but with 1.53 and 3.46% nucleotide differences in the D1/D2 domain of the 28S rRNA gene and the ITS1-5.8S rRNA gene-ITS2 region sequence, respectively. Based on phylogenetic tree analysis and the biochemical characteristics, the strain appears to be a novel Rhodotorula species, and the name Rhodotorula aurum sp. nov. is proposed. This study provides us with more information about heavy metal-tolerant yeasts and it may produce a new tool for environmental control and metal recovery operations.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.54-60
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• 2024

This study investigated the effectiveness of using pathogens and aqueous acids to reduce the Aspergillus ochraceus and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa contamination in livestock production environments. For this study, 1 mL of each bacterial suspension (10⁷-10⁸ spores/mL) was inoculated on a knife surface, dried at 37℃, and used under each treatment condition. First, to investigate the effect of organic acids, acetic, lactic, and citric acids were used. Subsequently, to select the appropriate concentration, they were prepared at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5%, respectively. Accordingly, to further maximize the effect of organic acid treatment, we combined the treatment with ultraviolet light. The two strains showed a significant difference (P<0.05) compared to the initial strain, with a greater than 90% decrease in the concentrations of all organic acids. Consequently, acetic and lactic acids decreased by approximately 5 and 2 log colony forming unit (CFU)/cm², respectively, when treated with ultraviolet light (360 mJ/cm²); however, citric acid decreased by less than 1 log CFU/cm². However, when manufactured with 4% acetic acid, a severe malodor was emitted, making it difficult for workers to use it in a production environment. Accordingly, the optimal treatment conditions for organic acid and ultraviolet light for application were selected as follows: immersion in a 4% lactic acid solution for 1 minute and then, sterilization with ultraviolet light at 360 mJ/cm². Finally, when a pork meat sample was cut with a knife that was finally washed with lactic acid and treated with ultraviolet light, the low level of inoculum transferred from the cleaned knife to the surface of the sample was not detected. In conclusion, using this established method can prevent cross-contamination of the surface of the meat during processing.

• Research in Plant Disease
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.179-187
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• 2019

This study was carried out to test the antimicrobial activities of nano metal hybrid materials produced by plasma technologies (radio frequency-thermal plasma system and direct current sputtering system) against microbes isolated from cucurbit (watermelon, pumpkin, and gourd) seeds. Eight different nano metal hybrid materials and four carriers were tested against five different fungal and ten different bacterial isolates in vitro. Among the tested nano metal hybrid material, Brass/CaCO₃ (1,000 ppm) exhibited 100% antimicrobial effect against all the five tested fungi. However, nano metal hybrid material Brass/CaCO₃ (1,000 ppm) inhibited only four bacterial isolates, Weissella sp., Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, Burkholderia sp., and Enterococcus sp. at 100% level, and did not inhibited other six bacterial isolates. Nano metal hybrid material graphite-nickel (G-Ni) showed 100% inhibition rate against Rhizopus stolonifer and 52.94-71.76% inhibition rate against four different fungal isolates. Nano metal hybrid material G-Ni did not show any inhibition effects against tested ten bacterial isolates. In summary, among the tested eight different nano metal hybrid materials and four carriers, Brass/CaCO₃ showed inhibition effects against five fungal isolates and four bacterial isolates, and G-Ni showed variable inhibition effects (52.94-100%) against five fungal isolates and did not show any inhibition effects against all the bacterial isolates.

• Mycobiology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.92-98
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• 2006

A total of 34 species belonging to 21 genera of fungi were recorded on passion fruits of both pure and hybrid origin in Uganda, however, the pure type exhibited wider spectrum (28 species and 16 genera) than the hybrid type (21 & 15). Also, yeasts (unidentified and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa) were also encountered in high numbers. Moreover, the mean count of all mycobiota obtained from the pure type was higher than that of hybrid, despite the bigger size of the later. Members of yeasts and Cladosporium followed by Phoma, Penicillium, Fusarium and Alternaria species dominated on passion fruits of pure origin, while only C. cladosporioides, F. solani and yeasts dominated on the hybrid type. Treatment with Na-hypochlorite exhibited inhibitory effects on the total mycobiotic propagules as well as the dominant species from fruits of both types. The current results, therefore, suggest the use of Na-hypochlorite to control the post-harvest mycobiota associated with passion fruits. Regarding the mycobiota contaminating passion juice, yeasts were found to be the major contaminants with Candida parapsilosis being the most common. Moulds constituted only a minor proportion with Acremonium strictum followed by Fusarium chlamydosporum, F. moniliforme, F. acuminatum and F. solani as the most dominant species. In the heat-treated juice samples, the counts of the most commonly encountered mycobiota (both yeasts and molds) were significantly inhibited or completely eliminated. Some unidentified Bacillus species were also recovered from the juice, however, their counts in the heated samples were increased but insignificantly.