• Title/Summary/Keyword: Rhizomes

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Symptomatology, Interacton and Management of Rhizome Rot of Ginger by Xenobiotics (생강 뿌리썩음증상의 병징학, 기생체간 상호작용 및 약제방제)

  • Doshi, Anil;Mathur, Sneh
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.26 no.4 s.73
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    • pp.261-265
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    • 1987
  • Three diffeerent types of symptoms were observed according to the pathogen associated with the rhizomes. The maximum rotting was observed in case when Pythium aphanidermatum was inoculated first followed by Fusarium solani. There was no interaction in case of root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita and Pythium aphanidermatum. Average per cent germination of the rhizomes were increased significantly in each treatment and maximum in case of Alliette(.25%). The per cent pre & post drenching rotting was minimum in case of Alliette, Burgandy mixture, Dithane-M 45 and Difolatan. These fungicides also increase the yield of rhizome significantly.

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Pharmacognostical Studies on the Rhizome of Polygonum robustum Nakai (왕둥굴레의 생약학적연구(生藥學的硏究))

  • Kim, Joung-Kyu;Lee, Yong-Joo
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.69-74
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    • 1980
  • The rhizome of Polygonatum robustum Nakai (Liliaceae) has been used as a crude drug for the purpose of tonic and thirst cure in Korea. The dried rhizomes were extracted with hot ether, then the residue was extracted with hot alcohol. 1) The three kinds of chemical constituents, substance, I, II and III were isolated by silicagel column chromatography from ether and alcohol extracts of the rhizomes. Substance I was confirmed as ${\beta}-sitosterol$, $C_{29}H_{50}O$ by mass and IR spectroscopy. Substance II was identified as stigmasterol by GLC. 2) Substance III was obtained by crystallization from the column chromatography of alcohol fraction. It was suggested as diosgenin based on chemical and spectral discussions. 3) The concentration of blood sugar was significantly decreased in the group administered the ether extract with 20% dextrose and adrenaline in comparison to that of 20% dextrose and adrenaline along.

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The Application of DNA Chip Technology to Identify Herbal Medicines: an Example from the Family Umbelliferae

  • Kim, Pil-Ho;Park, Jisoo;Kim, Yeong Shik;Suh, Youngbae
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.185-191
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    • 2015
  • Comparative molecular analysis has been frequently adopted for the authentication of herbal medicines as well as the identification of botanical origins. Roots and rhizomes of the family Umbelliferae have been used as traditional herbal medicines to relieve various symptoms such as inflammation, neuralgia and paralysis in countries of East Asia. Since most herbal medicines of the Umbelliferae roots or rhizomes are generally supplied in the form of dried slices, morphological examination does not often provide sufficient evidence to identify the botanical origin. Using species-specific probes developed by the comparative analysis of nrDNA ITS sequences, a DNA chip was developed to identify herbal medicines for 13 species in the Umbelliferae. The developed DNA Chip proves its potential as a rapid, sensitive and effective tool for authenticating herbal medicines in future.

Potentially Bioactive Two New Natural Sesquiterpenoids from the Rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet

  • Jang Dae Sik;Seol Eun Kyoung
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.294-296
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    • 2005
  • Repeated chromatography of the n-hexane-soluble fraction of the MeOH extract of the rhizomes of Zingiber zerumbet led to the isolation of two isomers of 6-methoxy-2E,9E-humula-dien-8-one (1 and 2) and stigmast-4-en-3-one. The structures of 1 and 2 were determined by spectroscopic methods including 10 and 2D-NMR elucidated by analysis of spectroscopic data as well as by comparison with published values. This is the first report on the isolation of compounds 1 and 2 from the nature. Stigmast-4-en-3-one was first isolated from this plant.

Aporphine Alkaloids and their Reversal Activity of Multidrug Resistance (MDR) from the Stems and Rhizomes of Sinomenium acutum

  • Min, Yong-Deuk;Choi, Sang-Un;Lee, Kang-Ro
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.29 no.8
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    • pp.627-632
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    • 2006
  • Chromatographic separation of the MeOH extract from the stems and rhizomes of Sinomemium acutum led to the isolation of nine alkaloids and a lignan. Their structures were determined to be dauriporphine (1), bianfugecine (2), dauriporphinoline (3), menisporphine (4), (-)-syringaresinol (5), N-feruloyltyramine (6), acutumine (7), dauricumine (8), sinomenine (9), and magnoflorine (10) by spectroscopic means. These compounds were examined for their P-gp mediated MDR reversal activity in human cancer cells. Compound 1 showed the most potent P-gp MDR inhibition activity with an $ED_{50}$ value $0.03\;{\mu}g/mL$ and $0.00010\;{\mu}g/mL$ in the MESSA/DX5 and HCT15 cells, respectively.

Flavonoids from Iris spuria (Zeal) Cultivated in Egypt

  • Singab, Abdel Nasser B.
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.27 no.10
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    • pp.1023-1028
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    • 2004
  • A new 12a-dehydrorotenoid 1, 11-dihydroxy-9, 10-methylenedioxy-12a-dehydrorotenoid (1), together with a new isoflavonoid glycoside tectorigenin-7-O-${\beta}$-glucosyl-4'-O-${\beta}$-glucoside (3), were isolated and identified from the rhizomes of I. spuria (Zeal). In addition, 4 known compounds, tectorigenin (2) tectorigenin-7-O-${\beta}$-glucosyl $(1{\leftrightarrow}6)$ glucoside (4), tectoridin (a tectorigenin- 7-O-${\beta}$-glucoside) (5) and tectorigenin-4'-O-${\beta}$-glucoside (6) were isolated and identified for the first time from this plant. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods (UV, IR, $^1H,\;^{13}C$NMR, DEPT, HMQC, NOESY, and HMBC experiments and MS spectrometry) and by comparison with literature data of known compounds. Compounds 2, 4, 5, and 6 are reported for the first time from this plant through the present study.

Efficient Production of Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Rhizome by Shoot-Tip Culture

  • Jo, Man-Hyun;Ham, In-Ki;Lee, Mi-Ae;Park, Sang-Kyu;Kwon, Kyeong-Hak;Lee, Eun-Mo
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.518-521
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    • 2009
  • High productivity of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) was obtained from the rhizome produced by shoot-tip culture with Korean native variety, Seosanjong. Seed rhizomes induced by shoot-tip culture were successfully established in the field. The rhizomes induced by both plant or rhizome were higher in emergence rate and faster in days to emergence than those of home seed production. The seed rhizome production induced by shoot-tip culture was two times heavier than that of home seed production. These results suggest that shoot-tip culture might be one of mass propagation methods in seed rhizome of ginger plant.

Cytotoxic Constituents from Boesenbergia pandurate (Roxb.) Schltr

  • Ching, Amy Yap Li;Lian, Gwendoline Ee Cheng;Rahmani, Mawardi;Khalid, Kaida;Sukari, Mohd Aspollah
    • Natural Product Sciences
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.110-113
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    • 2007
  • Five flavonoid derivatives, pinostrobin (1), pinocembrin (2), alpinetin (3), cardamonin (4) and boesenbergin A (5) were isolated from the rhizomes of Boesenbergia pandurata. All compounds were elucidated based on its spectroscopic data and by the comparison with the previous works. 2D NMR technique was used for the structure elucidation of boesenbergin A to complement the data reported previously. The extracts and pure compounds were screened for cytotoxic activity against HL-60 cancer cell lines (human promyelocytic leukemia). Cytotoxic screening showed most of the extracts and pure compounds isolated from the rhizomes of Boesenbergia pandurata were active against HL-60 cancer cell line. The chloroform extract and boesenbergin A showed the most potent cytotoxic activity.

Pharmacognostical Studies on Korean 'Ho-Jang'(II) -Seasonal Variation of Oxyanthraquinones- (호장(虎杖)의 생약학적(生藥學的) 연구(硏究)(II) -Oxyanthraquinone의 계절적(季節的) 함량(含量) 변화(變化)-)

  • Chi, Hyung-Joon;Im, Dong-Su
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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    • v.6 no.1
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    • pp.5-7
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    • 1975
  • The rhizomes of Polygonum cuspidatum, P. sachalinense and P. ellipticum which grow in Korea and which can be used for medicinal purpose were collected monthly from April to October and were analyzed for the contents of the free and combined derivatives of oxyanthraquinones. On the basis of the total oxyanthraquinone contents, the suitable month for collecting the rhizome of the former can be April or May, since it contained 0.46% in May and 0.05% in August. The rhizomes of the latter two species should be collected in June or July, since they contained $0.72{\sim}3%$ and $0.31{\sim}2%$ in April.

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