• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.113-116
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• 2015

Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome is a clinical radiographic syndrome of many causative factors. Sudden onset headache, vomiting, altered mental status, blurred vision and seizures are main symptoms shown in posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome. In addition, it typically shows radiological findings of edema in the white matter of posterior cerebrum, being in commonly bilateral but asymmetric. We report a case of poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (PSGN) presenting as posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome. Immediate control of hypertension resulted in rapid and complete neurological recovery.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.24-27
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• 2009

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is an acute encephalopathy, usually characterized by seizures, visual disorder, mental change and reversible posterior white and gray matter lesions on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Conditions commonly associated with RPLS include acute renal failure, eclampsia, hypertension, immunosuppresion state, and use of intravenous immunoglobulin or chemotherapy, and additional contributing factors. We report the case of RPLS associated with cyclosporine use in lupus nephritis. In this case, it was not clearly elucidated which was main cause of RPLS. We could think RPLS developed maybe due to combined effect of cyclosporine and lupus nephritis.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.245-250
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• 2005

The syndrome of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome(RPLS) is characterized clinically by acute neurologic signs such as headache, vomiting, confusion, seizures, and visual abnormalities. Radiologically, abnormalities consistent with reversible white matter edema in the occipital and parietal lobes are characteristic. RPLS has often been associated with various systemic disorders, such as hypertensive encefhalopathy, eclampsia, and the use of intravenous or intrathecal immunosuppressive drugs. We report a case of RPLS that occurred after intravenous steroid pulse therapy and treatment with oral cyclophosphamide in a child with nephrotic syndrome, and we emphasize the importance of early recognition of RPLS in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome and appropriate management tn prevent Permanent neurologic disability. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2005;9:245-250)

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.50 no.9
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• pp.901-904
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• 2007

Purpose : Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome is a complex disorder with characteristic clinical and radiologic findings that mainly involve the white/gray matter of the parieto-occipital lobes. The purpose of this study was to determine its clinical and radiological characteristics. Methods : A total of 15 pateints were involved in the study. Their medical records and radiological features of brain MRI were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed. Results : Fifteen pateints were involved. (9 males and 5 females). The patients' ages ranged from 2-20 years (mean age : 10 years). The brain MRI revealed fairly symmetric areas of increased T2 signal involving both white and gray matter of parieto-occipital regions. The condition seemed to be associated with cyclosporin A and steroid therapy or a variety of other conditions in which blood pressure rises acutely. Conclusion : Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome is a complicated neurological condition, but a better understanding of this complex syndrome may obviate unnecessary investigations and lead to prompt and appropriate management of the associated problems.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.14
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• pp.5945-5950
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• 2014

Objectives: To retrospectively review the safety and clinical efficacy of bevacizumab concomitant with chemotherapy in Chinese patients with advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSNSCLC). Methods: Clinical data for 79 patients with NSNSCLC who received bevacizumab concomitant with chemotherapy in Chinese PLA General Hospital from April 28th 2009 to May 5th 2013 were retrospectively reviewed to analyze the clinical efficacy including disease control rate (DCR), overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score and the safety. Results: The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score was 0-2. By the final cutoff date (June 9, 2013), 54 (68.4%) patients had disease progression and 37 (46.8%) died. The ORR was 32.9% and the DCR was 83.5%. The ORR of the first-, second-, and third- or later-line treatments were 51.4%, 25.0% and 12.5%, while the DCR were 94.3%, 80.0% and 70.8%, respectively. The median OS (mOS) and PFS (mPFS) were 13.5 and 5.83 months, respectively. The mOS of patients with the first-, second-, and third- or later- line treatments were 16.2, 10.9 and 8.30 months, while the mPFS were 7.27, 5.90 and 5.17 months, respectively. Chemotherapy-related adverse events included myelosuppression, vomiting, hepatic dysfunction and renal dysfunction, while the common serious bevacizumab-related adverse events were thromboembolic problems, gastrointestinal perforation and reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome, which could be well managed. Conclusions: Bevacizumab concomitant with chemotherapy is effective and the related toxicity can be well tolerated in Chinese patients with NSNSCLC.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.149-153
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• 2013

We report the case of a 14-year-old girl, diagnosed with atypical thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). The patient presented with persistent fever, nausea, and newly developed peripheral edema. Her laboratory findings indicated chronic anemia with no evidence of hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, or elevated serum creatinine level. A few days after hospitalization, acute renal failure and fever worsened, and proteinuria developed. On day 40 of hospitalization, she experienced a generalized tonic seizure for 5 min, accompanied by renal hypertension. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome. After steroid pulse therapy, a renal biopsy was performed because of delayed recovery from thrombocytopenia. The biopsy findings showed features of thrombotic microangiopathic hemolysis with fibrinoid change restricted. Current diagnostic criteria for TMA have focused on thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome, and diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation and etiology, with the consequence that idiopathic and atypical forms of TMA can be overlooked. Developing effective tools to diagnose TMA, such as studying levels of ADAMTS13 or testing for abnormalities in the complement system, will be the first step to improving patient outcomes.