• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.5157-5164
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• 2010

Currently about 3.2 millon tons of waste lime are accumulated and annually 100,000 tons are producted. This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of soil mixed with waste lime for reusing of roadbed embanking material. Waste lime used in this study is producted as a by-product in the manufacturing process of making $Na_2CO_3$ from local chemical factory in Incheon. In this study, the feasible reuse of waste lime mixed with granite weathered soil, clay, crushed rock was investigated through laboratory tests including specific gravity test, sieve analysis, hydrometer analysis, atterberg limit test, compaction test, unconfined compressive test, CBR test, permeability test, shear test, and abrasion test. The mixing rate is granite weathered soil, clay, crushed rock 80 % respectively and waste lime 20 % by weight. From the test results, it is shown that the waste lime and soil mixtures satisfy the criteria as road embanking material specification.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.19-23
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• 2001

In addition to landfilling and incineration, waste minimization and recycling have become priorities in Taiwan's municipal waste management strategies over the past 10 years. Major recycling initiatives being implemented in Taiwan include producer responsibility, "pay-as-you-throw, " and mandatory sorting provisions. Currently, the producer responsibility regime established under the Waste Disposal Act and administered by the Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) requires that manufacturers or importers of listed items, including containers, batteries. cars, motorcycles ("scooters"), tires, oil, televisions, refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, computers, and printers, pay recycling fees to government recycling funds. EPA then uses the recycling funds to subsidize collection and recycling. The 2001 recycling fund budget totals NT$57 billion (NT$35 = US$l). Under the producer responsibility regime, EPA-designated retailers ("sellers") must accept end-of-life items returned to them by the consumers. At the local level, Taipei City implements a pay-as-you-throw program, whereby citizens pay waste collection and treatment fees through the purchase of special trash bags approved by the Taipei City Government. However. recyclables that are separated by citizens are collected free-of-charge by the City. Taichung City and Kaohsiung City, on the other hand, enforce mandatory sorting schemes, whereby citizens face penalties if they don't separate recyclables from the trash before pick-up. These programs have resulted in a significant reduction in municipal waste. Per capita waste collected per day has dropped from 1.143 kg in 1997 to 0.978 kg in 2000. Targeting a 10% recycling rate for municipal waste in 2001. EPA plans to research and develop new recycling techniques, expand the scope of producer responsibilities, and strengthen existing municipal recyclable collection programs. To this end, among other initiatives, EPA has prepared a draft "Resource Recycling and Reuse Act" that would complement the existing producer responsibility programs by incorporating into the current recycling framework the concept of product life-cycle management.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.523-539
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• 2017

Clay soils are typical for their swelling properties upon absorption of water during rains and development of cracks during summer time owing to the profile desorption of water through the inter-connected soil pores by water vapour diffusion leading to evaporation. This type of unstable soil phenomenon by and large poses a serious threat to the strength and stability of structures when rest on such type of soils. Even as lime and cement are extensively used for stabilization of clay soils it has become imperative to find relatively cheaper alternative materials to bring out the desired properties within the clay soil domain. In the present era of catastrophic environmental degradation as a side effect to modernized manufacturing processes, industrialization and urbanization the creative idea would be treating the waste products in a beneficial way for reuse and recycling. Bottom ash and ecosand are construed as a waste product from cement industry. An optimal combination of bottom ash-eco sand can be thought of as a viable alternative to stabilize the clay soils by means of an effective dispersion dynamics associated with the inter connected network of pore spaces. A CATIA model was created and imported to ANSYS Fluent to study the dispersion dynamics. Ion migration from the bottom ash-ecosand pile was facilitated through natural formation of cracks in clay soil subjected to atmospheric conditions. Treated samples collected at different curing days from inner and outer zones at different depths were tested for, plasticity index, Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS), free swell index, water content, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), pH and ion concentration to show the effectiveness of the method in improving the clay soil.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.19-40
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• 2007

In recent, T-commerce is widely dispersed as alternative type of commerce. It is forecasted that t-commerce system is used more than e-commerce system. Therefore more and more t-commerce-related industries are also recognizing that t-commerce is a critical business model. It is needed to understand the concept of t-commerce and develop the t-commerce marketing strategy. CEO analyses consumer's behaviors according to the data about buyers and applies the advantage of t-commerce to the communication with customers. This t-commerce system plays an important role in maximizing customer satisfaction and affecting their intention to reuse it. Therefore this paper attempts to identify T-commerce critical success factors and divide between use-intention group and unuse-intention group by taking out a discriminant function by the discriminant analysis. This lays a foundation in developing T-commerce strategy. According to the discriminant function extracted, convenience factor, amusement factor, system quality factor, product perception factor are significant in the sequence of influential degree. However, usefulness factor and speedy connection factor are not significant. In result, the target hitting rate is 77.9% in the first unuse-intention group and it is 95.2% in the second use-intention group. The total discriminant target hitting rate is computed to higher value, 86.55%. The statistic package, SPSS 12.0, is used to survey and analyse data and test the hypothesis. The validity and reliability of variables are verified by both reliability analysis and factor analysis. The discriminant analysis is used to tell the difference between use-intention group and unuse-intention group.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.842-854
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• 2001

Today\`s first generation shopping agent is limited to comparing merchant offerings usually on price instead of their full range of attributes. Even in the full range comparison, there is not a good model which considers the overall features in the negotiation process. Therefore, the negotiation model needs to be extended to include negotiations over the more attributes. In this paper, we propose a negotiation model in the agent-mediated electronic commerce to negotiate over prices, product features, warranties and service policies based on utility theory and simple heuristics. We will describe a prototype agent-mediated electronic commerce framework called Pmart. This framework provides the software reuse and the extensibility based on the object-oriented technology. It is implemented on Windows-based platforms using Java and CORBA for the network transparency and platform independence.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2020

The thermal image device support image to detect infrared light from the object without light. It can use not only defence-related industry, but also civilian industry. This paper presents a new thermal image processing module using common image processor. The proposed module shows 10~20% performance improvement with normal mode and 50% performance improvement with sleep mode compared with the previously thermal image module based FPGA. and it guarantees high scalability according to modular system. In addition, the proposed module improves modulation and reuse, so it expect to have reduction of development period, low development cost. various application. In addition, it expect to have satisfaction of customer requirements, development design, development period, release date of product.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.657-668
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• 2002

Software life cycle consists of requirement analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance phases, and the product of each phase has various format. The UML normalizes such products, and the class diagram, use case diagram, activity diagram and collaboration diagram are usually used for the requirement analysis phase. Because most of UML development tools store such diagrams in a file, there nay be some difficulties of information retrieval and co-work among users. To cope with the difficulties, this paper proposes a database supported methodology to store and manage the diagrams produced by the requirement analysis. In this methodology, the constituents of class, use case, activity and collaboration diagram are first analyzed and then transformed in the form of relational fables. The constituents of such diagrams are stored as tables in a database, and can be easily retrieved from the database by using some queries. This database supported methodology provides the concurrent sharing and high reuse of diagrams.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.29-40
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• 2013

Two different kinds of nuclear power plants produce a substantial amount of spent fuel annually in Korea. According to the current projection, it is expected that around 60,000 MtU of spent fuel will be produced from 36 PWR and APR reactors and 4 CANDU reactors by the end of 2089. In 2006, KAERI proposed a conceptual design of a geological disposal system (called KRS, Korean Reference disposal System for spent fuel) for PWR and CANDU spent fuel, as a product of a 4-year research project from 2003 to 2006. The major result of the research was that it was feasible to construct a direct disposal system for 20,000 MtU of PWR spent fuels and 16,000 MtU of CANDU spent fuel in the Korean peninsula. Recently, KAERI and MEST launched a project to develop an advanced fuel cycle based on the pyroprocessing of PWR spent fuel to reduce the amount of HLW and reuse the valuable fissile material in PWR spent fuel. Thus, KAERI has developed a geological disposal system for high-level waste from the pyroprocessing of PWR spent fuel since 2007. However, since no decision was made for the CANDU spent fuel, KAERI improved the disposal density of KRS by introducing several improved concepts for the disposal canister. In this paper, the geological disposal systems developed so far are briefly outlined. The amount and characteristics of spent fuel and HLW, 4 kinds of disposal canisters, the characteristics of a buffer with domestic Ca-bentonite, and the results of a thermal design of deposition holes and disposal tunnels are described. The different disposal systems are compared in terms of their disposal density.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.105-117
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• 2004

In each industry field, many engineers have tried to develop integrated environments using information technology. The core technology in building integrated environments is the database based on standardized information. To meet the requirements, this study builds a database with detailed design information as a part of integrating digital information generated from every work of steel bridges. The data model used to build the database was developed based on the international standard, namely ISO/STEP. The data model is classified into geometric and non-geometric parts to represent the design information of steel bridges. The geometric parts are represented by a three dimensional solid model so that they may be able to reuse existing information. Also, the non-geometric parts represent information requirements that are analyzed by the development method of standard data model. To verify the data model, this study validates the syntax of the model on EXPRESS Engine and verifies the validation of the model by applying the design data of Hannam bridge to the database.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.55-66
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• 2017

Korean small and medium sized software companies have tried to export their solutions or services to overseas markets. In 2016, exports of the software industry increased by 6.0% from the previous year, and the value added of the industry was 2.2 times higher than that of the manufacturing industry. From a long-term perspective, it is important to secure a global competitive advantage in order to sustain the export high value-added of the software industry. The obstacles to entry into the overseas market of small to medium enterprises are as follows: first, difficulty in product development and localization of marketing; second, lack of investment for overseas expansion; and finally, competitiveness of software technology. In particular, To overcome such obstacles, Korean small and medium sized software companies should increase the technical perfection and secure software export competitiveness. The paper presents a payment settlement framework enabling adaptive reuse and semiautomatic development of global payment settlement services. The quantitative and qualitative evaluation results are presented with domestic and overseas case studies as follows: Firstly, semi-automatic development is realized successfully by applying the framework. Secondly, it is possible to maintain consistent quality of software and to deliver maintenance services without relying on the internal human resources. Thirdly, it is possible to reduce the project duration of the same development cope to less than 50% by applying the framework. Finally, because it is based on BPMN 2.0, which is a high level design diagram, it is expected that it will be easy to implement through components connection and reduce difficulties in technology transfer and localization. Also, at the time of runtime operation, it will be effective to understand the design idea easily and to carry out additional developments without human resource who participated in the initial project.