• Title/Summary/Keyword: Returns to Scale

Search Result 115, Processing Time 0.019 seconds

Increasing Returns and Pollution Haven Activities (수확체증 하에서의 오염처리비용회피활동에 관한 연구)

  • Hwang, Seok-Joon
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
    • /
    • v.15 no.2
    • /
    • pp.177-200
    • /
    • 2006
  • The demand for the study about the pollution haven activities under increasing return to scale is increasing since the trade theory under increasing return to scale has been developed. In this paper, based on Davis (1998)'s argument about home market effect, pollution haven activities under increasing return to scale is developed. The result shows that pollution haven effect can be identified with the high trade barriers. When the trade barriers are lowered, both pollution haven effect of heavy polluted industries and migration of low polluted industries are mixed together. Even the behavior under pollution haven hypothesis and that of pollution haven effects are co-existed. Therefore, to keep both environmental protection and continuous economic development, the local government of the region with high environment preservation value encourages the productivity increase of the environmental technique.

  • PDF

The Comparative Study on the Efficiency of Kunsan Port (군산항만의 효율성 비교연구)

  • Nah, Ho-Soo;Kim, Hyun-Cho
    • Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
    • /
    • v.25 no.2
    • /
    • pp.277-300
    • /
    • 2009
  • By using data envelopment analysis(DEA) this research measures the efficiency of Korea's seven middle-sized seaports and their Malmquist productivity from 1998 to 2007. Under the assumption of CRS(constant returns to scale) and VRS(variable returns to scale), seaports' ranking of efficiency are measured. Kunsan Port is confirmed as a middle-performed port in the various measurements. Important finding facts are as follows. 1)Kunsan Port has the efficiency level from 53% to 57% of efficient ports' level under the assumption of CRS and VRS. 2)In terms of average efficiency level, the gap among these 7 seports' efficiency levels has been widened during the period from 1998 to 2007. 3)Kunsan Port has shown the characteristics of DRS more frequently in terms of returns to scale. 4) Kunsan Port's average total factor productivity has been lower at the rate of 0.7% during the period from 1998 to 2007. 5)Kunsan Port has shown technical progress at the rate of 3.1% in this period. In future research the more and better data will be expected to improve the understanding of Korean seaports' efficiency characteristics.

  • PDF

An Analysis of Economic Efficiency of Environmental Friendly Farms and Conventional Farms : the Case of Strawberries and Tomatoes farms (친환경농가와 관행농가의 경영효율성에 관한 연구: 딸기와 토마토를 중심으로)

  • Han, Byeol;Yang, Sung-Bum
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
    • /
    • v.25 no.4
    • /
    • pp.679-697
    • /
    • 2017
  • This study analyzes an economic efficiency of environmental friendly farm and conventional farm using the data envelopment analysis (DEA). We compare the economic efficiency of Environmental Friendly farm and Conventional farm. We also analyze the effects of some explanatory variables on allocative efficiency (AE), pure technology efficiency (PTE) and scale efficiency (SE). In the case of strawberries farm, environmental friendly farm has higher overall efficiency (OE) than conventional farm. But tomatoes farm has higher overall efficiency (OE) than conventional farm. And We measure returns to scale of farms. Most strawberries and tomatoes farms showed Increasing to Scale (IRS).

A Study on the Evaluation of Efficiency in the Korean Small and Medium sized Construction Firms (국내 중소건설업체의 효율성 평가에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Hyuk;Yoo, Han-Joo;Song, Gwang-Suk
    • Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
    • /
    • v.38 no.3
    • /
    • pp.463-474
    • /
    • 2010
  • In this study, we evaluate the efficiency of Construction Industry using Data Envelopment Analysis(DEA). Since the Construction Industry has been traditionally operated through competition, it is important to measure the efficiency. In this paper, we empirically analyze the Efficiency of the 50 Korean Construction Industry. In detail, we used the scale of efficiency in order that efficiency cannot be affected by the total technical efficiency of each company and the scale of DMU by applying CCR or BBC model. Also, we analyzed the changes of measurement DEA model score. we adopted the basic DEA, RTS Region and MPSS(Most Productive Scale Size) method which are combined with efficiency measurement model in order to analyze the operational status. Furthermore, by complementing the shortfalls of the scale efficiency value of the DEA Model, RTS Region Model can be recommended to be appropriate in the evaluation of ideal input/output Quantity. In particular, input variables are total assets, construction capacity, the technical staff and output variables are sales volume, operating income. The result of RTS Region and MPSS shows that 9 DMUs of the efficiency frontier in the Construction Industry are analyzed to be relatively efficient DMUs, and 41 DMUs are analyzed to be inefficient DMUs, and finally inefficient DMUs are separated with Region 1 and Region 6.

An Analysis of Economic Efficiency of Fruits Farms: the Case of Apples, Pears, and Grapes Farms (과수 재배농가의 경영효율성 분석: 사과·배·포도를 중심으로)

  • Lee, ChoonSoo;Yun, Sung-Ju;Kim, GunA;Yang, Seung-Ryong
    • Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
    • /
    • v.23 no.4
    • /
    • pp.615-641
    • /
    • 2015
  • This study analyzes an economic efficiencies of apples, pears, and grapes farming. We evaluate an annual economic overall efficiency (OE), allocative efficiency (AE), technology efficiency (TE), pure technology efficiency (PTE), and scale efficiency (SE) using data envelopment analysis (DEA). We also measure returns to scale of farms, and the change of technical efficiency of frontier farms. Lastly we estimate the effects of some explanatory variables on allocative, pure technical, and scale efficiencies.

A Study on the Economies of Administration Scale in University Libraries (대학도서관 경영규모의 경제성 연구)

  • Yoon Hee-Yoon
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
    • /
    • v.32 no.2
    • /
    • pp.143-167
    • /
    • 1998
  • This study is to evaluate whether economies of scale exist in four categories of university libraries in the Korea. Regression analysis is used to fit a log-log equation to the total budget-output (total circulation, interlibrary lending and borrowing, reference transactions, hours opened, volumes added, automation and information indicator) for all the types of libraries. In results of the analysis, returns to scale are almost constant in the national and public libraries and larger libraries. But there is presence of economics of scale in private libraries and all of the libraries. Except for hours opened, economies of scale decrease more rapidly.

  • PDF

Data Envelopment Analysis on Olympic medals : Focusing on Athens Olympic Games and Torino Winter Olympic Games (올림픽 메달의 자료 포락 분석 : 아테네 하계올림픽과 토리노 동계올림픽을 중심으로)

  • Kang, Doo-suk
    • International Area Studies Review
    • /
    • v.14 no.1
    • /
    • pp.299-319
    • /
    • 2010
  • This thesis analyzed that which countries won the Olympic medals more efficiently at the Olympic Games. Unlike the previous studies, I measured efficiency under the CRS, found implications for investment to improve sports skills through understanding the characteristics of sports race. A methods for research is a DEA-based approach which measures efficiency by using the data only, not assuming the parameters. The inputs are total population and GDP, the output is Olympic medals at 2004 Athens Olympic Games and 2006 Turin Winter Olympic Games. I applied different weights based on the medal colors. The results showed the tendencies that the larger the scales of total population and GDP were, the lower efficient values were. These tendencies imply that sports skills are related with the law of diminishing returns and international convergence. According to these phenomenons, surging investments for sports performance are hard to get proper justification. In the case of limited resources, investing uniformly in various sport entries is more productive than in just one or two sport entries.

An Empirical Inquiry into Psychological Heuristics in the Context of the Korean Distribution Industry within the Stock Market

  • Jeong-Hwan LEE;Se-Jun LEE;Sam-Ho SON
    • Journal of Distribution Science
    • /
    • v.21 no.9
    • /
    • pp.103-114
    • /
    • 2023
  • Purpose: This paper aims to assess psychological heuristics' effectiveness on cumulative returns after significant stock price changes. Specifically, it compares availability and anchoring heuristics' empirical validity due to conflicting stock return predictions. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: This paper analyzes stock price changes of Korean distribution industry stocks in the KOSPI market from January 2004 to July 2022, where daily fluctuations exceed 10%. It evaluates availability heuristics using daily KOSPI index changes and tests anchoring heuristics using 52-week high and low stock prices as reference points. Results: As a result of the empirical analysis, stock price reversals did not consistently appear alongside changes in the daily KOSPI index. By contrast, stock price drifts consistently appeared around the 52-week highest stock price and 52-week lowest stock price. The result of the multiple regression analysis which controlled for both company-specific and event-specific variables supported the anchoring heuristics. Conclusions: For stocks related to the Korean distribution industry in the KOSPI market, the anchoring heuristics theory provides a consistent explanation for stock returns after large-scale stock price fluctuations that initially appear to be random movements.

Contribution of Road Capital in Industry and Optimal Level of Road Capital in South Korea (한국 도로 자본의 산업에 대한 영향과 도로자본 스톡의 최적수준 분석)

  • Kook, Woo Kag
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
    • /
    • v.15 no.3
    • /
    • pp.137-149
    • /
    • 2013
  • PURPOSES: This study is to suggest the Contribution of Road Capital in Industry and Optimal Level of Road Investment in South Korea METHODS: Based on the literature review, This research is empirically estimated using disaggregate and disaggregated data composed of 10-sectors covering the entire korea economy for the period 1970~2000. The relevant policy questions addressed in this report are : cost reduction and Scale elasticities of road, effect of road capital stock on demand for labor, capital and materials, marginal effect of road, industry TFP growth decomposition, Net Social Rates of Returns, optimal of road capital. RESULTS : The marginal benefits of the road capital at the industry level were calculated using the estimated cost elasticities. Demand for the road capital services varies across industries as do the marginal effects. The marginal benefits are positive for the principal industries. This suggests that for these industries the existing stock of road capital may be under supplied. CONCLUSIONS: This results emerges is that the ratio of the optimum to actual road capital, measured by road, was high at beginning of the period 1970s and declined 1990s. There appears to be evidence of under-investment in road capital. That is continuous and premeditated investment for road which lead to saving time and finance.

A System Dynamics Model of Alternative Fuel Vehicles Market under the Network Effect

  • Kwon, Tae-Hyeong
    • Korean System Dynamics Review
    • /
    • v.8 no.2
    • /
    • pp.5-23
    • /
    • 2007
  • According to the system dynamics model of this study, if there is a significant network effect on vehicle operating costs, it is difficult to achieve the shift to AFV even in the long term without a policy intervention because the car market is locked in to the current structure. Network effect can be caused by an increasing return to scale in fuel supply sector as well as in maintenance service sector. It is also related to the fact that the reliability and awareness of consumers on new products increases with the growth of the market share of the new products. There are several possible policy options to break the 'locked in' structure of car market, such as subsidy on vehicle price (capital cost), subsidy on fuel (operating cost) and niche management policy. Combined policy options would be more effective than relying on a single policy option to increase the market share of AFV.

  • PDF