• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.141-147
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• 2021

Background: Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) which is a high-blood-flow lesion with connections between arteries and veins without an intervening capillary bed, is difficult to manage. The ear is the second most common site of extracranial AVM. However, studies regarding the management of this condition remain lacking. The purpose of this study was to share managing experiences in our center and to investigate the treatment effect through a retrospective analysis of cases. Methods: Among 265 patients with AVM treated in our vascular anomalies center between January 2008 and January 2021, 10 patients with auricular AVM were included in the study to investigate the lesion distribution, clinical stage, and treatment methods by performing a retrospective evaluation. Results: Among 10 patients, five patients had AVMs distributed in the upper half of the ear, one patient in the lower half of the ear, and four patients in whole ear, respectively. Seven patients had Schobinger stage II, and three had stage III. One patient received surgical treatment only, four patients received sclerotherapy only, and five patients received both surgical treatment and sclerotherapy. The posttreatment status was checked as controlled in two patients, improved in seven patients, persistent in one patient. There were no worsening patients. Conclusion: Auricular AVM is a disease that is difficult to manage by one specific department, thus requiring a collaborative management effort from multidisciplinary team.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.11
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• pp.4973-4976
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• 2016

Objective: This article concerns evaluation of the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNAB for pre-surgical diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of major and minor salivary glands of patients treated in the Department of Head and Neck Surgery of Erasto Gartner Hospital. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed medical records from January 2006 to December 2011 from patients with salivary gland lesions who underwent preoperative FNAB and, after surgical excision of the lesion, histopathological examination. Results: The study had a cohort of 130 cases, but 34 cases (26.2%) were considered unsatisfactory regarding cytology analyses. Based on the data, sensitivity was 66.7% (6/9), specificity was 81.6% (71/87), accuracy was 80.2% (77/96), the positive predictive value was 66,7% (6/9) and the negative predictive value was 81.6% (71/87). Conclusion: Despite the high rate of inadequate samples obtained in the FNAB in this study the technique offers high specificity, accuracy and acceptable sensitivity.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.371-378
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• 2012

Many longitudinal studies have reported the successful osseointegration of dental implants, with survival rates approaching 90-95%. However, implants regarded as a "success" may have also failed to undergo osseointegration. A variety of complications and failures have been observed, including implant fracture - a rare and delayed biomechanical complication with serious clinical outcomes. Given the increasing popularity of dental implants, an increase in the number of failures due to late fractures is expected. This study sought to determine the rate of implant fractures and factors associated with its development. This retrospective evaluation analyzed implants placed at Wonkwang Dental Hospital (from 1996 to the present). In our study we found that the frequency of dental implant fractures was very low (0.23%, 8 implant fractures out of 3,500 implants placed). All observed fractures were associated with hybrid-surface threaded implants (with diameter of 4.0 or 3.75 mm). Prosthetic or abutment screw loosening preceded implant fracture in a majority of these cases.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.209-216
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a day-hospital treatment program designed to help development of children with pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) and mental retardation (MR). Methods : Retrospective review of the charts of 32 children (28 with PDD, 4 with MR), who participated in a day-hospital treatment program of Seoul Metropolitan Eunpyeong Hospital, from October 2008 to February 2012, was conducted. Development level of each patient was evaluated according to the Psycho-Educational Profile-Revised (PEP-R), Social Maturity Scale (SMS), and Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Evaluation was done at two points, before participation and after 1 year participation. Results : Children who participated in the day-hospital treatment program showed significant improvement in all categories of PEP-R, SMS, and CARS. Conclusion : Day-hospital treatment program is effective for helping development of children with PDD and MR.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.261-265
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to perform retrospective data collection of the sites and types of fracture in raptors in order to enable wildlife veterinarians to manage cases of fracture more effectively. This study included raptors with fracture, rescued between January 2013 and August 2015 in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk region in Republic of Korea. The data were collected from the medical reports and radiographic findings acquired from designated animal hospitals for wild animals, the Dongin Animal Hospital and the Kyungpook wildlife rescue center. The distribution, sites, and types of fracture, and outcomes of rescue and fracture management of the raptors included in this study were analyzed. Among the 31 birds included in this study, Falco tinnunculus was the most common species. Of the 42 sites of fracture, the diaphysis of the humerus was the most common site of fracture, and comminuted fracture was the most common type. Of the 31 birds, 13 were treated surgically. Intramedullary pinning with bandaging was the most common method of surgical treatment. While 7 of the 13 birds died, 2 were reintroduced into the wild, and 4 were kept captive. This study presents the evaluation of the data on the species, sites, and types of fracture, and treatment procedures and outcomes in raptors with fractures, rescued in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk region. The findings of this study could serve as a basic database for the treatment of fracture in raptors.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.270-277
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• 2023

Exposure to ionizing radiation induces free radicals in human nails. These free radicals generate a radiation-induced signal (RIS) in electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Compared with the RIS of tooth enamel samples, that in human nails is more affected by moisture and heat, but has the advantages of being sensitive to radiation and easy to collect. The fingernail as a biological sample is applicable in retrospective dosimetry in cases of localized hand exposure accidents. In this study, the dosimetric characteristics of fingernails were analyzed in fingernail clippings collected from Korean donors. The dose response, fading of radiation-induced and mechanically induced signals, treatment method for evaluation of background signal, minimum detectable dose, and minimum detectable mass were investigated to propose a fingernail-EPR dosimetry protocol. In addition, to validate the practicality of the protocol, blind and field experiments were performed in the laboratory and a non-destructive testing facility. The relative biases in the dose assessment result of the blind and field experiments were 8.43% and 21.68% on average between the reference and reconstructed doses. The results of this study suggest that fingernail-EPR dosimetry can be a useful method for the application of retrospective dosimetry in cases of radiological accidents.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.61-74
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the factors affecting changes in Korean Knee Score (KKS) and ranges of motion (ROM) of the knee after the structured exercise programs for the patients with total knee arthroplasty. Methods: This was a retrospective study using electronic medical records from January 2015 to February 2017, and the subject of this study was a total of 124 out of 434 patients underwent total knee replacement operation. They took part in a structured step-by-step exercise program conducted by orthopedic nurses, and then were evaluated for KKS and Knee ROM for 12 weeks after operation. Results: Post-intervention scores increased significantly in the KKS subdomains including pain and symptoms (t=-22.31, p<.001), function (t=-20.68, p<.001), evaluation of floor life (t=-14.18, p<.001), socioemotional function (t=-28.94, p<.001) over time. As for the change in the ROM, knee extension (t=9.23, p<.001) and knee flexion (t=4.04, p<.001) showed a statistically significant changes over time. Conclusion: This study illuminated the factors affecting the changes in pain and symptom, physical function, evaluation of floor life, socioemotional function and range of motion after structured exercise training programs for knee arthritis patients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.309-314
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• 1992

A review of dairy development and crossbreeding programmes in Malaysia since 1953 is undertaken, based on the relevant literature and the writer's experience. The need for higher domestic milk production and the role of crossbreeding in the realization of this objective is explained. A retrospective evaluation is made of the past crossbreeding programmes and of the decision to use temperate dairy breeds for the purpose. Current dairy development under the 'New Economic Policy' of the Malaysian government and the major problems connected with the importation of high-milk producing animals are discussed. To overcome existing constraints, future strategies for crossbreeding and dairy development, based on long-term objectives, are proposed. It is concluded that crossbreeding will only be useful if the introduction of high yielding dairy animals is combined with an improvement of existing husbandry systems.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.51-59
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• 2006

So far, there is no technique of quantitative evaluation on danger related to industrial accidents. Therefore, as an endeavor for obtaining technique of quantitative evaluation, this study presents feature analysis of industrial accidents in manufacturing field using QUEST algorithm. In order to analyze feature of industrial accidents, a retrospective analysis was performed in 10,536 subjects (10,313 injured people, 223 deaths). The sample for this work chosen from data related to manufacturing businesses during three years $(2002\sim2004)$ in Korea. The analysis results were very informative since those enable us to know the most important variables such as occurrence type, company size, and occurrence time which can affect injured people. Also, it is found that classification using QUEST algorithm which was performed in this study is very reliable.

• STI Policy Review
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.41-54
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• 2013

R&D is inherently an uncertain endeavor, yet now more than ever those performing R&D with public funding are called upon to clarify the utility of their research. Calls for public accountability are mounting with the increase in constraints on government budgets due to the recent worldwide economic recession, in response to which both policymakers and researchers pay much more attention to rigorously assessing publicly funded R&D. A key issue complicating R&D evaluation in these circumstances is how to adequately account for the nature and degree of risk involved in a given R&D program or project. This study deliberates on certain issues involving the measurement of ex-ante risk in public R&D evaluation: (i) information asymmetry between R&D sponsors and performers, (ii) ambiguity in the measurement of returns in both prospective and retrospective evaluation, and (iii) the dilemma between measurement error and omitted variable bias for empirical estimation of R&D performance. The study then presents an analysis of hypothetical evaluation results that apply risk-relevant weights to the annual evaluation outcomes of South Korea's national R&D programs funded during 2006~2012. In this counterfactual re-evaluation of public R&D program performance, high-risk R&D programs turn out to receive higher evaluation than non-high-risk programs. The current study suggests that R&D evaluation ignoring ex-ante risk is not only conceptually invalid since R&D activities are intrinsically uncertain endeavors, but unfair as R&D performers are asked to be accountable for the results that were in fact out of their reach.