• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.20 no.4
• /
• pp.259-264
• /
• 1997

To determine patterns of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) change in foliage and twig we collected branch samples of 40-year-old Pinus rigida and Larix leptolepis plantations every month during the growing season of 1996 in Yangpyeong, Kyonggi-Do. Significant seasonal differences on N and P concentrations in foliage and twig were observed for both study species because of nutrient retranslocation. P. rigida and L. leptolepis retranslocated 40 and 37% of foliar N and 86 and 16% of foliar P, respectively. Twig N and P retranslocation rates of P. rigida and L. leptolepis were 114 and 25%, and 42 and 70%, respectively. There were no significant differences in foliar N retranslocation rates between P. rigida and L. leptolepis while P retranslocation rate in foliage of P. rigida was higher than that of L. leptolepis. Our results suggested that twigs were the main sinks for retranslocated nutrients from foliages of the both study species.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.199-210
• /
• 2004

Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilization on seasonal changes of nutrient content in tree components, and retranslocation N and P in foliage and twig were determined in adjacent 41-year-old plantations of Pinus rigida Miller and Larix kaempferi Gordon on a similar soil in Yangpyeong, Gyeonggi Province. In general, foliage N and P concentrations of L kaempferi were significantly higher than current and 1-year-old foliages of P. rigida. N and P concentrations were higher in foliage than in twigs for both tree species. However, there were no significant differences in foliage and twig N and P concentrations with ages. Significant seasonal differences in foliage and twig N and P concentrations were observed for both tree species because of nutrient retranslocation. Foliage nutrient concentrations were highest in the mid-growing season and lowest in autumn, whereas twig nutrient concnetrations have gradually increased since July. These seasonal trends indicated nutrient retranslocation from foliage into twigs before foliage senescence. However, there were no significant changes in foliage and twig nutrient retranslocation, and no consistent patterns in foliage and twig nutrient retranslocation following N and P fertilizer additions. No significant changes in nutrient retranslocation between different foliage and twig ages were observed following fertilization.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.188-196
• /
• 2014

This study aimed to understand the nutrient absorption, usage and allocation of Carpinus cordata in different soil and light environments. Seasonal changes of foliar nitrogen, phosphorous, chlorophyll contents, leaf mass per area (LMA) and nutrient retranslocation rates were investigated for C. cordata saplings growing in a natural deciduous broadleaved forest and an Manchurian fir (Abies holophylla) plantation in Gwangneung, Kyunggido. The deciduous forest had lower leaf area, higher light penetration, and better soil fertility than the Manchurian fir forest. However, available soil phosphorous content in the deciduous forest was only one third of that in the Manchurian fir forest, which caused lower foliar phosphorous content and higher P retranslocation rate of C. cordata in the deciduous forest than that in the Mancurian fir forest. Soil nitrogen contents in the deciduous forest were higher than that in the Manchurian fir forest, however, no differences in foliar nitrogen content and retranslocation rate in C. cordata between the two stands were found. C. cordata in the Manchurian fir forest with high LAI throughout a year, had lower LMA, foliar nitrogen content and chlorophyll a/b, while had higher total chlorophyll content and chlorophyll/N than that in the deciduous forest. These results implied C. cordata under different environments are using different strategies for nutrient use and allocations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.105 no.2
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2016

Fertilization is required to keep the balance of tissue nutrients and to produce high quality seedlings at the permanent nursery. This study was conducted to verify the optimum fertilization method for Fraxinus rhynchophylla, F. mandshurica, Pinus koraiensis, and Abies holophylla seedlings with vector diagnosis method. Seven treatments include nitrogen (N, $13.8g{\cdot}m^{-2}$), phosphorus (P, $6.1g{\cdot}m^{-2}$), potassium ($7.5g{\cdot}m^{-2}$) fertilization and 1x (N $6.9g{\cdot}m^{-2}$, P $3.05g{\cdot}m^{-2}$, K $3.65g{\cdot}m^{-2}$), 2x (twice of 1x), 4x (four times of 1x) fertilization and no fertilization. Soil pH decreased as fertilization increased. Nitrogen and NPK fertilization decreased exchangeable $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ concentrations. Height and root collar diameter of F. rhynchophylla and F. mandshurica significantly increased with N and NPK fertilization, but those of P. koraiensis and A. holophylla did not. The biomass of F. rhynchophylla and F. mandshurica was about twice higher at NPK fertilization compared to the control. The responses of vector diagnosis were different by tree species and fertilization treatment: F. rhynchophylla was in the status of N "dilution", which means the N concentration decreases with N content. Phosphorus and K were "sufficiency" state with 4x fertilization. F. mandshurica showed "retranslocation" as N content decreased without change of dry weight at N, P, K fertilization, but "dilution" state at NPK fertilization. This result suggested that optimal fertilization was required for F. rhynchophylla and F. mandshurica in seedling production stage, but was not essential for P. koraiensis and A. holophylla.