• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.161-167
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• 2011

In this paper, we propose an in-plane switching (IPS) mode for liquid crystal displays (LCDs) that, in principle, is free of retardation of the LC cell. Basically, the optical configuration of the LC cell consists of an A-plate and an LC layer for switching between the dark and bright states. We could achieve a fast response time compared with the conventional in-plane LC cell because the free retardation condition of the proposed LC cell enables us to reduce the cell gap even by quarter-wave retardation without any change of the optimized LC material in the transmissive mode. Experiments for verification of the proposed in-plane switching LC cells have shown a significant reduction of the rising time and falling time simultaneously due to the small cell gap. Furthermore, we also proposed an optical configuration for wide viewing property of the retardation free IPS LCD by applying the optical films. We proved the wide-view property of the retardation free IPS LCD by comparing its optical luminance with the calculated optical property of the conventional IPS LCD.

• 한국고분자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국고분자학회 2006년도 IUPAC International Symposium on Advanced Polymers for Emerging Technologies
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• pp.365-365
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• 2006

The wavelength dispersion of birefringence (or retardation) is very important property for optical use of polymer films. Birefringence free film and retardation film have been widely used for applications such as liquid crystal display (LCD). In this study, miscible polymer blends which consist of polymers of positive and negative birefringence were found. By operating composition and orientation of molecules in the transparent blend films, the behavior of wavelength dispersion of birefringence (retardation) was controlled. The applicability to wideband birefringence free film and quarter wave (retardation) film was discussed.

• 대한지역사회작업치료학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2011

목적 : 본 연구는 수예공작 프로그램을 이용하여 자폐아동과 지적장애아동의 시지각 효과를 비교함으로써 그 필요성을 밝히고자 한다. 연구방법 : 선정기준에 따라 자폐아동 10명, 지적장애 아동 10명을 선별한 후 시지각 프로그램을 적용하였다. 사용된 수예공작 프로그램은 수예공작을 치료로 적용하고 있거나 적용한 경험이 있는 전문가에 의해 의뢰되고 만들어졌다. 항목에 들어가는 것은 도예작업, 모빌공예작업, 밀가루 반죽작업, 지점토작업, 골판지공예작업, 칼라믹스작업이 선택되었다. 이 프로그램은 4주 동안 일주일에 두 번 적용하였고, 치료 전후의 효과를 확인하기 위해 MVPT-3를 사용하였다. 결과 : 첫째, 수예공작 프로그램이 자폐아동과 지적장애아동 모두 효과가 있었다. 둘째, 수예공작 프로그램 적용 후 각각을 비교하였을 때, 지적장애아동에게 더 높은 효과가 있었다. 결론 : 수예공작 프로그램이 자폐아동과 지적장애아동의 시지각 기능 발달에 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2005

Because of the toxicity of hexavelant chromium ion, treatments of metallic surface with chromate compounds to retard corrosion are undesirable for safety control in industrial uses and protection of environment. In this study, we investigated several compounds such as inorganic, organic, and polymer materials in order to sub­stitute the chromate conversion treatment on steel sheet. The corrosion property was investigated in a salt spray tester with 3.5 $wt.{\%}\;NaCI\;at\;35^{\circ}C.$ The results showed that the zirconium/silane/polymer triple coatings on the galvanized steel exhibited a significant retardation of corrosion. Although the multicoating system needs a com­plexed processing, we can confirm a possibility of development of a chromate-free chemical conversion treat­ment for galvanized steel sheet.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권7호
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• pp.801-807
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• 2003

This work aims the search of environmentally friendly pre-treatment technologies to develop chromate replacements for metal finishing industries due to its toxicological properties. Since the corrosion resistance of steel was strongly related to water permeation, galvanized steel sheets were treated with various hydrophobic silane compounds and water-suspended polymer solution. Also, plasma gas discharge was applied to modify the surface of a polymer coated-steel sheet to be hydrophobic. The surface hydrophobicity of materials was introduced by CF$_3$H plasma exposure. The corrosion property before and after the plasma treatment was investigated in a slat spray tester with 3.5 wt.% NaCl at 35$^{\circ}C$. The results showed that both silane/polymer double coatings and plasma treatment of the galvanized steel exhibited significant retardation of corrosion.

• 한국정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보과학회 1998년도 가을 학술발표논문집 Vol.25 No.2 (2)
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• pp.688-690
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• 1998

직업 선택의 과정에 있어 능력, 적성만큼 중요시 해야 할 것은 그 직업에 대해 흥미도이다. 특히 장애인들의 경우 직업을 준비하는 단계에서부터 어느 영역에 직업적 흥미가 있는가를 파악해야 하는 일은 중요하다. Text, Audio/Voice, Image등 멀티미디어 data를 이용, 흥미와 주의 집중을 높혀 직업적 흥미영역에 대한 정확한 data를 얻을 수 있는 시스템 개발이 필요하다.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.134-143
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• 1999

The effects of silicon on galvannealing behavior of interstitial-free (IF) steels were studied. The growth rate of the Fe-Zn alloy layer was retarded as silicon in the steel added. Titanium in steel strongly favors Fe-Zn reaction, in particular outburst structures, whereas silicon inhibit them. Cross-sectional and planar views of galvannealed coatings were investigated to characterize alloy phase development. A possible mechanism to explain the retardation effect of silicon is discussed in terms of concentration on surface and inhibition layer.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권12호
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• pp.1355-1358
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• 2008

WAGR 증후군은 윌름즈 종양, 무홍채증, 비뇨 생식기계 기형, 정신지체 증상을 동반하는 증후군이다. 이는 윌름즈 종양 유전자인 WT1와 무홍채증 유전자 PAX6를 포함하는 11번 염색체 단완의 13째 부분의 결실에 의해 유발된다. 이에 저자들은 태어나서부터 양측성 무홍채증을 가졌고 복부팽만과 정신지체를 주소로 내원한 2세 여아에서 염색체 검사에서 11p11.2-13의 결실을 보인 국내 최초의 WAGR 증후군을 보고하는 바이다. 양측성 윌름즈 종양은 항암제와 수술로 성공적으로 치료하였고, 환아는 항암치료 종료 후 19개월째 정상적인 신기능을 보이며 생존하고 있다.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.209-213
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• 2014

Purpose: Pathologic aerophagia (PA) may lead to bowel perforation or volvulus in mentally retarded patients. The authors investigated the effects of clonazepam on the management of PA in children with severe to profound mental retardation (MR). Methods: This study was undertaken as a retrospective case analysis of 21 PA patients with MR who were followed for over 12 months and diagnosed as having PA. Patients were assigned to two management groups, that is, to a clonazepam randomized open-labeled, treatment group or a reassurance group. The following were recorded and analyzed; age, response, remission rate to clonazepam treatment, and the side effect of clonazepam. It was defined positive response (response+) as being symptom-free for a whole week within 1 month of commencing treatment and remission(+) as being symptom-free for a whole month within 6 months of treatment. Results: The average age of the 21 PA children with MR was 10 years and 13 patients were female. Symptom duration before diagnosis of PA was 7 months. Clinical features of the clonazepam-trial group (n=11) and the reassurance group (n=10) were non-significantly different. Response(+) was achieved by 2 patients (18.2%) in the clonazepamtrial group and by no patient in the reassurance group. Remission(+) was achieved by 6 patients (54.5%) in the clonazepam-trial group and by one patient (10%) in the reassurance group (p=0.040). Conclusion: When PA children with MR with severe bowel distention are considered for surgical treatment to prevent acute abdomen, a trial of clonazepam could be recommended.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제61권7호
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• pp.221-225
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• 2018

Purpose: Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is the most common endocrine disorder in children. Thyroid hormone deprivation results not only in mental retardation but also growth retardation. This study investigates the final height (FH) in Korean patients with CH detected by newborn screening and examines factors that may affect the FH. Methods: The medical records of Korean CH patients (n=45) were reviewed. The FH was examined and target height (TH) was calculated based on mid-parental height. The FH z score (FHZ) and TH z score (THZ) were computed using the 2007 Korean National Growth Chart. The FHZ and THZ were compared with a Student t test. The impact of the etiology of CH (athyreosis, dyshormonogenesis, ectopic thyoid, hypoplastic thyroid), initial serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) level, initial free thyroxine (T4) level, and time of therapy initiation based on FH was assessed. Results: The mean FHZ was $0.10{\pm}1.01$ for male patients and $-0.11{\pm}1.09$ for female patients. There were no significant differences between FHZ and THZ for both female (P=0.356) and male patients (P=0.237). No significant relationship was found between FH and the etiology of CH, initial TSH level, initial free T4 level, and the time of therapy initiation. Conclusion: Early intervention and satisfactory management do not appear to impede growth in Korean patients with CH. Thus, early detection and proper management of patients with CH detected by newborn screening program are necessary.