• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.206-217
• /
• 1994

In this study, indoor thermal parameters were measured to investigate the characteristics of thermal environments and 212 occupants were questioned to evaluate Korean thermal comfort in office building in summer. Thermal and comfort sensations were estimated using PMV(Predicted Mean Vote) and ET* (New Effective Temperature) which are most widely used nowadays. Comparing this experimental result with international standards and that of other research, Korean thermal responses were discussed. It was found that TSV(Thermal Sensation Vote) is more sensitive than PMV to the variation of temperature and that the measured percentage of dissatisfied is higher than PPD(Predicted Percentage of Dissatisfied) in real office building environments. By regression analysis, the following regression equation has been obtained: TSV=0.461ET*-11.808 and neutral temperature is $25.6^{\circ}C$ in this case. Thermal comfort range based on 80% satisfaction is also $24.0{\sim}26.8^{\circ}C$, which is about $1^{\circ}C$ higher than that of ANSI/ASHRAE Standard.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.148-155
• /
• 1995

Urinary cytology has become an essential element in the diagnosis and management of transitional ceil carcinoma(TCC) of the urinary tract. It has the advantage of being noninvasive, inexpensive, and easily accessible. Besides that it can even detect malignancy when unsuspected at cystoscopy. We report a retrospective review of urine cytology un the diagnosis of 83 TCC cases that underwent 295 cytologic evaluation. All patients had biopsy-proven TCC of the bladder, ureter and renal pelvis, The overall incidence of the positive cytology cases was 66.2%. To define the cytologic features of tumor cells, we tried to use three cytologic gradings such as "grade 1", "grade 2", and "grade 3" according to the cytologic degree of anaplastic neoplastic cells. These cytologic gades of TCC were relatively well correlated with the histologic grade and tumor invasiveness. This result suggests that the recognition of characteristic cellular features of TCC can suspect the histologic grade and tumor stage. The false negative TCC cases were 78.9%. They showed severe inflammatory or bloody background and a few neoplastic cells. Therefore, a cautious approach for accurate interpretation, personal experience, and proper fixation and processing could expand the role of urinary cytology.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.549-563
• /
• 2005

The study was carried out to develop and standardize the analytical method of 1,4-dioxane in water. The National Institute of Environmental Research in Korea has monitored for 1,4-dioxane in water since 1998 and it has been detected in environmental water occasionally. But the environmental pollution and analytical method in water is not well known over the world. The trace analytical method at low-${\mu}/L$ level is prerequisite in order to evaluate the residue of 1,4-dioxane in water. Evaluation of the method was demonstrated by comparing and analyzing with liquid-liquid extraction, solid-phase extraction and purge & trap technique. As a result of experiment by standard solutions and raw samples, the precision and accuracy for three methods were obtained within error rate of about 10%. Therefore, three methods were standardized as official monitoring method in Korea. Also, a convenient and simple liquid-liquid extraction method for the analysis of 1,4-dioxane in water was developed by combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and applied to the water samples in Korea

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.144-148
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this research is to utilizing the Tetrax$^{(R)}$ balance measuring instrument in order to analyze the postural balance of males and females in their 30 s diagnosed with chronic lower back pain who have followed a 12-week rehabilitation exercise program. The research also examines the effects on any change in back pain level. In terms of the variables in this research, postural balance (left/right, front/back, postural balance) and pain level change (0~100 mm) were measured. Pre-/post-experimental differences were assessed using the paired-t test. In addition, to identify any gender gap, we set the preliminary scores as a covariate and ran the Analysis of Covariance. Statistical significance (a) herein was set at 0.05. As a result of this research experiment, the left/right, front/back, and overall postural balance were found to increase in both the male and female cases, but with no statistical significance or gender gap. However, both males and females showed a significant decrease in their back pain levels. These findings demonstrate the necessity of continuing clinical research based on the Tetrax$^{(R)}$ equipment for scientific evaluation of the effects of rehabilitation exercises on chronic lower back pain patients and their balancing ability.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.121-134
• /
• 2004

Crop inputs in excess of the yield potential of the soil type reduce profitability and increase pollution problems from leaching and runoff. Inaccurate fertilizer and pesticide application can also result in profit loss. Current farming practices plan only for the dominate soil in the field. A government-supported program titled "Pilot village project for the environment-friendly agriculture" was proceeded from 1999 to 2001 to tackle the problems with which our agriculture is faced by introducing IPM, INM and others. The objective of this study is to consider the potential input savings of agricultural chemicals and economic feasibility of the project compared with the conventional farming. The results of the analysis indicate the followings: (1) organic or no-pesticide farming size was increased from 9% in 1999 to 20% in 2001 ; (2) crop yield was a link bit lower than that of the conventional farming, but the sal6 price, gross income and income of the pilot village were 6%, 10% and 9% higher than that of the conventional farming, respectively; and (3) fertilizer and pesticide use also showed decreasing trend gradually.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
• /
• v.31 no.3
• /
• pp.345-354
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of black carrot (Daucus carota L.) on the quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of pork patties. Patties were provided with different amounts (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8%) of black carrot. Notably, the cooking loss rate of the group added with 8% black carrot was lowest (p<0.001). As the content of black carrot increased, the L value decreased and the a, b value increased. The texture analysis results showed that the hardness and chewiness to decrease as the amount of black carrot increased (p<0.05). Evaluation of consumer acceptability revealed that the 4% black carrot groups had a higher score in respect to overall preference and taste to the other groups (p<0.05). For antioxidant activities, both total phenolic compounds content and DPPH were increased (p<0.001) as the amount of added black carrot was increased. As a result, it can be concluded that adding the black carrot to patties in processing can improve antioxidant activities and quality of the patties. Considering various aspects of quality, the suitable amount is 4% of total weight.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.506-518
• /
• 2002

This study was performed to measure the nursing service quality being used SERVQUAL model and satisfaction that the admitted patients perceived. Method: The questionnaire founded on the SERVQUAL was developed and distributed to 300 patients at the three general hospitals in three provincial city, Korea. For data analysis, Cronbach's α, frequencies, percentages, paired t-test, Pearson Correlation Coefficient were used. Result: In expectation, patients most highly perceived the assurance factor that was one among the 5 factors being constituted nursing service. In performance, patients most highly perceived the responsiveness factor. The performance degrees of the 5 factors and 20 attributes being constituted nursing service did not exceed the expectation degree of those. So the calculated figures for nursing service quality of the three subjected hospitals were all minus. In relation of the patients' demographics and nursing service characteristics to their general satisfaction, patients' sex, age, income and the all factors and attributes of nursing service had relation to their general satisfaction. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the nursing service quality of the three subjected hospitals was poor and the patients' demographic and nursing service characteristics had relation to their general satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
• /
• v.4 no.4
• /
• pp.109-118
• /
• 2002

Such effects would be paid off in the right way only when management of the firms perform marketing activities focusing on long term effectiveness, which would drive company profits up and keep them for long. Demands of customers are being changed and varied. In this result with the advantage of mass marketing and database marketing have been drawing attentions from company. To fulfill these demands of customer, they need a concept of eCRM(Web based Customer Relationship Management), and go from selling products and services, or gathering customer requests, up to the phase of solving customer's problem by real time or previous action. With the help of internet, the frequency and speed of the problem solving has improved greatly. For these purposes, we try to determine the most important and most urgent factors in eCRM: utilization by using SN Ratio Decision making, one of the Multi-criteria decision-making methods SN Ratio Decision making is widely used for determining relative magnitude per evaluation item, i. e. priority on problems and is expected to make more systematic and objective evaluations than conventional methods do. Even in the present situation where any general criterion on eCRM dose not exist, utilization of eCRM is expected to be actively continued, which will cause many problems. In this regard, evaluating eCRM counts.

• Journal of Information Management
• /
• v.43 no.1
• /
• pp.1-22
• /
• 2012

The standard of library is to provide the mission and goals, user services, and operations management of the library. Also, it is can be used as a tool that evaluate a various services and programs of the library. However, library standard of domestic does not reflect a realistic situation of special libraries, therefore it should be revised immediately. In this study, I analyzed the international trend of special library standards in major countries, and compared the legal and recommended standards, and evaluation indicators in Korea. As a result, revised directions of new standard have been proposed. Proposed directions will contribute in revising the special library standard of Korea.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.51-56
• /
• 1994

Conventional Doenjang, improved Doenjang prepared with Asp. oryzae were made to investigate the changes in the lipid content, and the carbonyl compounds during fermentation. Total lipid contents of conventional Doenjang increased slowly during fermentation, and that of the improved Doenjang increased at first, but showed sharp decrease at moment and then increased. Triglyceride contents of all samples decreased remarkedly during fermentation. Conversely, free acid contents increased. From the result of quantitative analysis of fatty acid by gas chromatography, saturated fatty acid ratio of total lipid in conventional Doenjang increased at early stages and then decreased, but unsaturated fatty acid ratio showed the reverse phenomenon. Saturated fatty acid in improved Doenjang increased during the fermentation but unsaturated fatty acid decreased by degrees. The concentration of total and monocarbonyl compounds in the fermented Doenjang were comparably higher than that found in raw Boenjang. Sensory evaluation revealed that off flavor had a negative effect on overall eating quality of Doenjang and total carbonyl content was related to the off flavor.