• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.669-683
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• 2003

The stochastic optimal nonlinear control of coupled adjacent building structures is studied based on the stochastic dynamical programming principle and the stochastic averaging method. The coupled structures with control devices under random seismic excitation are first condensed to form a reduced-order structural model for the control analysis. The stochastic averaging method is applied to the reduced model to yield stochastic differential equations for structural modal energies as controlled diffusion processes. Then a dynamical programming equation for the energy processes is established based on the stochastic dynamical programming principle, and solved to determine the optimal nonlinear control law. The seismic response mitigation of the coupled structures is achieved through the structural energy control and the dimension of the optimal control problem is reduced. The seismic excitation spectrum is taken into account according to the stochastic dynamical programming principle. Finally, the nonlinear controlled structural response is predicted by using the stochastic averaging method and compared with the uncontrolled structural response to evaluate the control efficacy. Numerical results are given to demonstrate the response mitigation capabilities of the proposed stochastic optimal control method for coupled adjacent building structures.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.19.1-19.10
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• 2023

Endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs) have been evidenced to be cross-reactive to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Although a correlation exists between the immunological memory to HCoVs and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity, there is little experimental evidence for the effects of HCoV memory on the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines. Here, we investigated the Ag-specific immune response to COVID-19 vaccines in the presence or absence of immunological memory against HCoV spike Ags in a mouse model. Pre-existing immunity against HCoV did not affect the COVID-19 vaccine-mediated humoral response with regard to Ag-specific total IgG and neutralizing Ab levels. The specific T cell response to the COVID-19 vaccine Ag was also unaltered, regardless of pre-exposure to HCoV spike Ags. Taken together, our data suggest that COVID-19 vaccines elicit comparable immunity regardless of immunological memory to spike of endemic HCoVs in a mouse model.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제51권
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• pp.5-25
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• 2010

본 연구는 신종플루 관련 뉴스 이용 정도가 개인 및 공중에 대한 건강보호 행위의도에 미치는 영향을 보호동기이론(protection motivation theory)을 통해 살펴보았다. 구체적으로 신종플루 뉴스 이용 정도를 독립변인으로, 심리적 보호동기요인(신종플루에 대한 인지된 심각성, 취약성, 대처효능감, 자기효능감)을 매개변인으로 그리고 개인과 공중에 대한 건강보호 행위의도를 종속변인으로 설정하였다. 대학생 460명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 각 구성요인 간의 인과관계를 연구모형으로 설정하고 구조방정식모델(SEM)로 분석하였다. 연구결과에 의하면, 첫째 '개인 건강보호 행위의도' 연구모형에서 신종플루 뉴스 이용 정도는 신종플루 관련 보호동기 요인들에 유의미한 인과관계를 나타냈으나 '대처효능감'은 제외되었다. 또한 세 가지 보호동기 요인(지각된 심각성, 지각된 취약성, 자기효능감)들은 개인 건강보호 행위의도에 유의미한 정적 인과관계를 나타냈다. 둘째 '공중 건강보호 행위의도' 연구모형에서 신종플루 뉴스 이용 정도는 '대처효능감'을 제외한 모든 보호동기 요인에 유의미한 관계를 나타냈으며 보호동기 요인들 중에 '인지된 취약성'과 '대처효능감'만이 공중 건강보호 행위의도에 유의미한 정적 인과관계를 나타냈다. 두 연구모형의 공통점으로는 신종플루 뉴스이용 정도가 개인 또는 공중 건강보호 행위의도에 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 특정 질병에 대한 건강보호 행위의도에 있어서 건강보호 대상(자신 혹은 타인)이 누구인가에 따라 심리적 보호동기들은 다르게 작동하는 것으로 추정된다.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.39-64
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• 2015

기업들은 정보보안 위험을 관리하기 위해 보안대책을 수립하고 있지만 직원들은 이를 잘 지키려하지 않고, 그들의 정보보안 행동의도는 명확하게 규명되지 않았다. 본 연구는 금융기관 구성원들의 정보보안 위험관리 의도를 이해하기 위해 보호동기이론과 감독 당국의 압력 그리고 보호동기의 근원이 되는 배경요인(근원정보)을 사용해서 연구모형을 개발했다. 금융기관 구성원 201명의 설문조사 자료를 분석해 실증적인 연구결과를 제시했다. 인지된 심각성, 자기 효능감 그리고 감독 당국의 압력은 정보보안 위험관리 의도에 정(+)의 영향을 주었고, 인지된 취약성과 반응 효능감은 의도에 영향을 주지 못했다. 배경요인으로 고려한 보안회피습관은 모든 매개변수에 부(-)의 영향을 주었지만 의도와의 직접적인 영향관계를 확인하지는 못했다. 보안인식교육은 정보보안 위험관리 의도와 인지된 취약성, 자기 효능감, 반응 효능감 그리고 감독 당국의 압력에 정(+)의 영향을 주었고 인지된 심각성에 영향을 주지 못했다. 본 연구의 시사점은 연구자들이 향후 감독 당국의 압력을 조직과 조직 구성원의 행동 관련 정보보안 분야의 연구에서 사용할 수 있는 기반을 마련했고, 배경요인 사용은 보호동기이론의 확장을 위한 근거를 제공했다. 또 보안 실무자와 감독 당국의 정보보안 활동을 위한 기반자료를 제공했다. 그리고 본 연구는 한계점과 향후 연구방향을 제시하고 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9627-9630
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• 2014

Background: Although efficacy of aprepitant for suppressing emesis associated with single-dose cisplatin has been demonstrated, there are limited data on the antiemetic effect of this oral neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist during daily administration of cisplatin. Accordingly, we investigated the efficacy and safety of aprepitant in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) receiving combination therapy with cisplatin and 5-FU (FP therapy). Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with HNC were prospectively studied who received a triple antiemetic regimen comprising granisetron ($40{\mu}g/kg$ on Days 1-4), dexamethasone (8 mg on Days 1-4), and aprepitant (125 mg on day 1 and 80mg on days 2-5) with FP therapy (cisplatin $20mg/m^2$ on days 1-4; 5-FU $400mg/m^2$ on days 1-5) (aprepitant group). We also retrospectively studied another 20 HNC patients who received the same regimen except for aprepitant (control group). Results: For efficacy endpoints based on nausea, the aprepitant group showed significantly better results, including a higher rate of complete response (no vomiting and no salvage therapy) for the acute phase (p=0.0342), although there was no marked difference between the two groups with regard to percentage of patients in whom vomiting was suppressed. There were no clinically relevant adverse reactions to aprepitant. Conclusions: This study suggested that a triple antiemetic regimen containing aprepitant is safe and effective for HNC patients receiving daily cisplatin therapy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3447-3450
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• 2014

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of bevacizumab concomitant with pemetrexed in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: A total of 72 patients were randomly divided into a combination group (pemetrexed+bevacizumab, n=36) and a pemetrexed group (n=36) and assessed for disease control (CR+PR+SD) after 4-cycles of first-line GP chemotherapy (gemcitabine+cisplatin). Clinical efficacy, progression-free survival time (PFS), overall survival time (OS), overall response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR) and rate of adverse responses between two groups were observed and compared. Results: ORR and DCR were 27.8% and 83.4% in combination group, and 16.7% and 69.5% in the pemetrexed group, respectively, but there were no significant differences (P>0.05). PFS in combination group and pemetrexed group were 4.6 months and 3.9 months respectively (P=0.09), whereas OS in the combination group was 14 months, evidently higher than in the pemetrexed group (11 months, P=0.004). Adverse responses in both groups included high blood pressure, bleeding, thrombocytopenia, anemia, elevated transaminase, diarrhea, vomiting and proteinuria, but there were no significant differences (P>0.05). Conclusions: Bevacizumab concomitant with pemetrexed has better clinical efficacy and safety, giving rise to prolonged survival time in patients with advanced NSCLC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.5319-5321
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• 2012

Objective: To observe efficacy and side effects, as well as the impact on quality of life, of Kanglaite$^{(R)}$ (Coix Seed Oil) injections combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer patients. Method: A consecutive cohort of 60 patients were divided into two groups: the experimental group receiving Kanglaite$^{(R)}$ Injection combined with chemotherapy and the control group with chemotherapy alone. After more than two courses of treatment, efficacy, quality of life and side effects were evaluated. Results: The response rate and KPS score of experimental group were significantly improved as compared with those of the control group (P<0.05). In addition, gastrointestinal reactions and bone marrow suppression were significantly lower than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Kanglaite$^{(R)}$ Injection enhanced efficacy and reduced the side effects of chemotherapy, improving quality of life of gastric cancer patients; use of Kanglaite$^{(R)}$ injections deserves to be further investigated in randomized control clinical trails.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 2018

Maize (Zea mays L.; 2N=20) is major staple food crop grown worldwide adapted to several biotic and abiotic stresses. Maydis leaf blight (MLB) and banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB) are serious foliar fungal diseases may cause up to 40% and 100% grain yield loss, respectively. The present studies were undertaken to work out the efficacy of chemicals, botanicals and bioagents for the management of MLB and BLSB under field condition for two seasons Kharif 2014 and 2015. Five molecules (propiconazole 25 EC, hexaconazole 25 EC, carbendazim 50 WP, mancozeb 75 WP and carbedazim 12 WP + mancozeb 63 WP), two bioagents i.e. Trichoderma harzianum and T. viridae and three botanicals namely azadirachtin, sarpagandha and bel pathar were tested for their efficacy against MLB. Eight newer fungicides viz., difenconazole 250 SC, hexaconazole 5 EC, carbendazim 50WP, validamycin 3 L, tebuconazole 250 EC, trifloxystrobin 50 WG + tebuconazole 50 WG, azoxystrobin 250 EC and pencycuron 250 SC were evaluated against BLSB. Analysis revealed significant effects of propiconazole at 0.1%, carbendazim 12 WP + mancozeb 63 WP at 0.125% and sarpagandha leaves at 10% against MLB pathogen, whereas validamycin at 0.1% and trifloxystrobin 25 WG + tebuconazole 50 WG at 0.05% were found effective against BLSB. The slow rate of disease control virtually by the bioagents might have not shown instant effect on plant response to the yield enhancing components. The identified sources of management can be used further in strengthening the plant protection in maize against MLB and BLSB.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2020

연구 목적은 간호대학생의 재난간호교육 요구도와 재난간호지식, 재난준비도, 자기효능감, 재난간호 핵심역량의 관계 및 영향 요인을 파악하기 위해 일 지역 간호대학생 144명을 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 자료분석은 기술통계분석, 상관분석, 다중 회귀분석 등을 실시하였다. 연구결과 재난간호교육 방법 요구도에서는 시뮬레이션 실습수업이 가장 높게 나타났다. 재난간호 핵심역량은 재난준비도, 자기효능감, 재난간호지식과 유의한 정적 상관관계가 있음을 나타냈다. 간호대학생의 재난간호 핵심역량 영향요인으로는 학년(β=.343), 자기효능감(β=.329), 재난준비도(β=.282), 응급실 실습경험(β=.159)순으로 확인되었으며, 이는 53.2 %의 설명력을 보여주었다. 따라서 재난간호 핵심역량 영향요인 및 재난간호교육 요구도를 바탕으로 간호대학생의 재난 발생 시 대처능력을 향상 시킬 수 있는 맞춤형 재난교육프로그램 개발과 지원이 필요하다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.423-428
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• 1997

Vibrio vulnificus is a halophilic gram-negative human pathogen, which affects people with underlying liver diseases or a suppressed immune system, often leading to primary septicemia with a mortality rate of higher than 60%. In an effort to develop an oral vaccine against V. vulnificus infection, we prepared a whole cell killed vaccine of V. vulnificus on a large scale and compared the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of the vaccine administered in three formulation forms in rabbits. Since V. vulnificus O-antigen serotypes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 7 account for more than 95% of clinical isolates, we prepared cell lysates from these six serotype strains and mixed in equal amounts for a vaccine. The vaccine was administered to rabbits intramuscularly (i.m.), orally as granules or as enteric-coated granules. In rabbits, all three formulation forms elicited a high level of serum IgG antibody reactive not only to the six strains but also to other O-antigen serotypes 6, 8 and 9, indicating cross-reactivities among the strains. Immunotherapeutic efficacy of the antisera was also evaluated by a passive immunization assay, which revealed that the orally immunized antisera as well as the i.m. immunized antisera was protective against a subsequent lethal challenge of V. vulnificus. These data demonstrate that oral immunization with a V. vulnificus whole cell lysate vaccine induced a systemic immune response and suggest the feasibility of development of this vaccine preparation as an oral vaccine.