• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.778-786
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• 2018

We investigated the effect of different exercise intensities on biomarkers of oxidant-antioxidant balance, inflammation, and muscle damage. Eighteen healthy and untrained male subjects were enrolled.Subjects were randomly and equally assigned to a moderate-intensityexercise(MIE, $65%VO_2max$) group(n=9) or a high-intensity exercise(HIE, $85%VO_2max$) group(n=9).Blood samples were collectedimmediately pre-exercise, post-exercise, and 60min post-exercisetoexamine oxidant-antioxidant balance(d-ROMs; BAP), inflammation(CRP; fibrinogen), muscle damage(CK; LDH), and lactate. Serum d-ROMs and BAP levels were significantly increased post-exercise compared with pre-exercise levels in HIE group(p<0.05). Lactate levels were significantly increased post-exercise compared pre-exercise levels in both the MIE and HIE groups(p<0.05). In addition, post-exercise serum d-ROMs and plasma lactate levels were significantly higher in the HIE group than in the MIE group(p<0.05). These results suggest that although relatively high-intensity exercises may increase oxidative stress levels in the body, they do not produce inflammatory response and/or muscle damage.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.77 no.2
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• pp.231-243
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• 2021

In this paper, a dynamic response mapping model of the wheel-rail system is established by using the support vector regression (SVR) method, and the hierarchical safety thresholds of the subgrade void are proposed based on the reliability theory. Firstly, the vehicle-track coupling dynamic model considering the subgrade void is constructed. Secondly, the subgrade void area, the subgrade compaction index K30 and the fastener stiffness are selected as random variables, and the mapping model between these three random parameters and the dynamic response of the wheel-rail system is built by using the orthogonal test and the SVR. The sensitivity analysis is carried out by the range analysis method. Finally, the hierarchical safety thresholds for the subgrade void are proposed. The results show that the subgrade void has the most significant influence on the carbody vertical acceleration, the rail vertical displacement, the vertical displacement and the slab tensile stress. From the range analysis, the subgrade void area has the largest effect on the dynamic response of the wheel-rail system, followed by the fastener stiffness and the subgrade compaction index K30. The recommended safety thresholds for the subgrade void of level I, II and III are 4.01㎡, 6.81㎡ and 9.79㎡, respectively.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2024

Cloud Computing is internet-based computing, where the users are provided with whatever service they need from the resources, software, and information. Recently, the security of cloud computing is considered as one of the major issues for both cloud service providers CSP and end-users. Privacy and highly confidential data make many users refuse to store their data within cloud computing, since data on cloud computing is not dully secured. The cryptographic algorithm is a technique which is used to maintain the security and privacy of the data on the cloud. In this research, we applied eight different cryptographic algorithms on Xen and KVM as hypervisors on cloud computing, to be able to measure and compare the performance of the two hypervisors. Response time and CPU utilization while encryption and decryption have been our aspects to measure the performance. In terms of response time and CPU utilization, results show that KVM is more efficient than Xen on average at 11.5% and 11% respectively. While TripleDES cryptographic algorithm shows a more efficient time response at Xen hypervisor than KVM.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.887-900
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• 2011

Teachers use explanations to communicate important scientific ideas to students. Consequently, all biology teachers should be evaluated to determine how effective they are at constructing and communicating biological explanations. Open response questions are required to detect pre-service biology teachers' abilities to communicate robust and accurate scientific explanations. Nevertheless, multiple-choice questions are typically preferred by educators because of the common drawbacks of using open-response instruments, such as scoring time, inter-rater scoring disagreements, and delayed feedback to test takers. This study aims to measure pre-service biology teachers' competence in building scientific explanations and to investigate how accurately multiple-choice questions predict the results of open-response questions. One hundred twenty four pre-service biology teachers participated in the study and were administered 20 multiple-choice items and three open-response items designed to measure the accuracy and quality of their explanations of evolutionary change. The results demonstrated that pre-service teachers displayed higher competence when tested with multiple choice items than when tested with open response items. Moreover, scores derived from multiple-choice items poorly predicted the scores derived from open-response items. Multiple-choice items were also found to be poor measures of the consistency, purity and abundance of conceptual elements in teachers' evolutionary explanations. Additionally, many teachers held mixed-models composed of both scientific and naive ideas, which were difficult to detect using multiple-choice formats. Overall, the study indicates that multiple-choice formats are poorly suited to measuring several aspects of biology teachers' knowledge of evolution, including their ability to generate scientific explanations. This study suggests that open-response items should be used in teacher education programs to assess pre-service teachers' explanatory competency prior to being permitted to teach science to children.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.279-285
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• 2021

This paper criticized that online classes during the Covid-19 period were centered on knowledge and information education, and sought ways to improve empathy as a way to improve students' sociality. The teaching-learning process was designed around the movie <(500) Days of Summer> which has the theme and story of parting and growth. On this paper the stage of empathy was divided into three stages, recognize-into, feeling-into, emotional-transaction stage. In particular, considering the process of transitioning from emotional empathy to behavioral empathy as the key to communication education, the class was designed in five stages, with an expression stage between the feeling-into stage and the emotional-transaction stage. This course is possible when learners sympathize with the work itself and reflect on their own narrative, so literary therapeutic was used, and students's response statements were collected to prove that this process is meaningful for improving empathy. In this article, the class was designed for the movie <(500) Days of Summer>, but this teaching-learning model can be applied to other contemporary film texts.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.227-240
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to identify (1) consumers' energy conservation attitude and behavior and (2) response to the energy conservation policies. For this purpose 1,200 male and female consumers who residents of 6 cities (Seoul, Pusan, Taegu, Kwangju. Taejoen, and Inchon) were surveyed through the standardized questionnares. The major findings were as follows; (1) The level of energy conservation attitude was relatively high and differed significantly according to sex, age, and education, (2) The level of energy conservation behavior was differed significantly according to sex, age, and education. (3) The energy conservation policies which provide consumers with energy saving information and education were more preferred. (4) There energy conservation attitude had the strongest effect on the energy conservation behavior.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.04a
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• pp.526-528
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• 2014

본 논문은 다차원 문항반응이론 모델에 기반하여 시뮬레이션을 위한 피험자들의 문항 응답 데이터를 생성하는 알고리즘을 개발하는 것이 목적으로 하였다. 본 알고리즘은 시험지를 구성하고 있는 문항들의 모수를 읽고, 각각의 차원에 대해 피험자들의 능력 수준을 나타내는 정규 분포 확률 변수를 생성한다. 본 알고리즘은 다차원 문항반응이론 모델에 기반하여 피험자들이 각 문항에 대해 정답으로 응답할 확률을 계산한다. 피험자들의 문항 응답을 결정하는 균일 분포 난수와 비교한다. 만약 확률이 난수보다 크면 피험자는 올바른 답을 한 것으로 보고 그렇지 않을 경우 틀리게 답할 것으로 한다. 본 프로그램은 피험자 수, 문항 수를 조절할 수 있다. 본 알고리즘을 통해 교육 측정 분야에서 다차원 문항반응 이론을 이용하여 학습자들의 문항 응답 데이터를 이용한 시뮬레이션 연구에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.102-109
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• 2021

Since the 4th Industrial Revolution is implemented based on superintelligence, new insights must be provided through convergence studies with other fields to find optimal solutions to create new ideas. In this paper, we intende to present improvement measures for probability and statistical education, which is an athlete's subject on data analysis and processing in the ICT(Information & Communication Technologies) field in the era of superintelligence of the 4th industrial revolution. This paper aims to strengthen competitiveness through early development and commercialization of new technologies by presenting probabilities and statistical curriculums that require linkage in the ICT field. Second, it is necessary to present an educational system diagram linking probabilities and statistics in the ICT field to prepare a mid- to long-term response strategy for ICT education in response to innovative changes. Third, through a survey, we intend to present an effective educational operation plan linking probability and statistics to ICT major subjects by analyzing the perception of probability, statistical importance, and utilization of majors in this field.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.199-209
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the knowledge level of first-time mothers regarding digestive health issues in infancy and to examine the utilization of healthcare facilities for such problems. Methods: Data from 119 first-time mothers of infants under 6 months of age were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, t-test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANO-VA) were conducted using the SPSS software. Results: The average correct response rate for first-time mothers' knowledge of digestive health problems in infancy was 61.9%. The highest correct response rate was observed for infantile colic, while diarrhea had the lowest. Less than 50% of mothers received education on infant digestive health problems across all categories. Among digestive health problems in infancy, diarrhea exhibited the highest rate of healthcare utilization, whereas infantile colic had the lowest. First-time mothers' knowledge of digestive health problems in infancy varied based on maternal age (t=-3.66, p<.001), education level (t=-2.26, p=.026), and planned pregnancy (t=3.24, p=.002). Moreover, mothers who received education on infant digestive health problems demonstrated better overall knowledge of digestive health problems. Conclusion: The rate of education regarding digestive health problems during infancy among first-time mothers was < 50%. Furthermore, mothers educated on infant digestive health issues exhibited improved knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to provide appropriate pre-education to primiparous common gastrointestinal health issues in infants.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.549-562
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• 2023

The current society is in the VUCA era, where various risks produced by humans are spread along with the development of science and technology. There is a need to increase the level of risk literacy of citizens to strengthen their daily preparedness to respond to these risks. For this on, it is necessary to reconsider the role of science education so that risks can be perceived and responded to scientifically and objectively. Accordingly, in order to investigate the role of science education in a risk society, this study reviewed the history of risk perception and response related to science and analyzed its characteristics. In this process, perception and response to risks arising from blood pressure were analyzed in three contexts (historical context, curriculum context, textbook context). For historical context, journals registered in SCIE were selected as research subjects among journals where research related to the history of knowledge of the heart and cardiovascular system was conducted. Papers with the keywords 'hypertension' and 'history' were selected from the journals, and changes in perception and responses related to blood pressure were compared and analyzed by period. The curriculum context is analyzed from the 1st national curriculum to the 2022 revised curriculum, and content elements and achievement standard related to blood pressure were compared and analyzed. It was confirmed that risks arising from blood pressure were not included from the 1st to the 6th national curriculum, and that risks arising from blood pressure were included from the 7th national curriculum (excluding the 2009 revised curriculum). For the textbook context, the 7th national curriculum BiologyⅠ, the 2015 revised curriculum Life ScienceⅠ, and Health were selected, and through text mining, keywords that representing curriculums and textbooks were selected, and the presentation of risk perception and response was analyzed based on the keywords. And by analyzing the figures and tables presented in the textbook, the characteristics of risk perception and risk response were derived. This study is meaningful in that it was able to confirm the role of risk perception and response in science education.