• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 2017

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of posture difference on respiratory function in cerebral palsy patients. Methods : Twenty-two cerebral palsy childrens were recruited this study. Respiratory Function test was measured with Cardio Touch 3000 and Micro Respiratory Pressure Meter. Cardio Touch 3000 was used to assess cerebral palsy childrens' forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume at one second. Micro Respiratory Pressure Meter was to assess Maximum inspiratory pressure and Maximum expiratory pressure. Subjects had four respiratory functions measured in supine, slouched sitting, and elected sitting postures. Statistical analysis was used Paired t-test for within-group comparisons and Independent t-test for between-group comparisons. SPSS statistics Ver 20.0 was used for statistical anlysis and statistical significance was defined as a p-value less than 0.05. Result : The subjects' respiratory function according to posture showed significant difference in Forced Vital Capacity(FVC), Maximum Expiratory Pressure(MEP) and Maximum inspiratory pressure(MIP)(p<.05). Elected sitting posture had a positive effect on respiratory function than slouched sitting, supine. Conclusion : In conclusion, We could see that change of posture in children with cerebral palsy affects respiratory function and Elected sitting can be a positive help for the respiratory function of children with cerebral palsy.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.48-55
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine correlations among UPDRS, respiratory function, and senior fitness and to investigate the effects of restrictive respiratory function on these factors in Parkinson's disease patients. Methods: Subjects (n=25, Hoehn & Yahr (H&Y) stage: 2-3, $69.3{\pm}5.9$ yrs) from D Hospital Parkinson's Disease Center at Busan metropolitan area in the Republic of Korea volunteered for this study. They performed the pulmonary function test, UPDRS, and the senior fitness test. SPSS 18.0 was used for analysis of data, and the collected data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient (n=25). In addition, Independent t-test was used for determination of differences between two groups (between the normal pulmonary function group (n=10) and the restrictive pulmonary function group (n=10)). Results: Forced vital capacity (FVC (L)) showed significant negative correlation (r=-0.44, p<0.05) with H&Y stage in Parkinson's disease patients, and chair stand showed significant negative correlations (r=0.41, 0.43, 0.42, p<0.05) with FVC (L), FVC (%), and FEV1 (L). FVC (%) showed significant positive correlations (r=0.44, r=0.44, p<0.05) with right and left back scratch. In addition, the restrictive respiratory function group showed significantly lower FVC (%) (p<0.01) and was significantly slower (p<0.05) in the 8-foot up-and-go test than the normal respiratory function group. Conclusion: In conclusion, these results suggest that restrictive respiratory function in PD was related to H&Y stage. In addition, agility of PD patients was lower in the restrictive respiratory function group than in the normal function group.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Breathing is controlled by complex interactions between the central and peripheral nervous systems in conjunction with the respiratory system. Neurological diseases predispose patients to nocturnal desaturation and pneumonia due to respiratory dysfunction, which increases mortality, daytime sleepiness and fatigue, and reduces the quality of life. Respiratory function tests are required to identify respiratory function decline and to consider compensatory management. This review summarizes the characteristics of several respiratory function tests and their applications to neurological diseases.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.374-378
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• 2013

Purpose: Human body have biological rhythmic pattern in a day, which is affected by internal and external environmental factors. We investigated whether respiratory function was fluctuated according to the influence of time-of-day (around at 9 am, 1 pm, and 6 pm) in health subjects, using pulmonary function test (PFT). Methods: Eighteen healthy volunteers (8 men, mean ages; $22.4{\pm}1.6$, mean heights; $166.61{\pm}9.60$, mean weight; $59.3{\pm}10.3$) were recruited. Pulmonary function test (PFT) was measured at three time points in day, around 9 am, 1 pm, and 6 pm in calm research room with condition of under 55dB noise level, using a spirometer (Vmax 229, SensorMecis, USA). Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV1), FVC/FEV1, and peak expiratory flow (PEF) were acquired. Results: In comparison of raw value of PFT among three time points, subjects showed generally better respiratory function at 9 am, than at other points, although no significance was found. In comparison of distribution of ranking for respiratory function in each individual, only PEF showed significant difference. In general, distributional ratio of subjects who showed best performance of respiratory function in a day was high. Conclusion: These findings showed that circadian rhythm by diurnal pattern was not detected on respiratory function throughout all day. But, best performance on respiratory function was observed mostly in the morning, although statistical significance did not exist.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.351-357
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• 2019

Purpose: This study sought to investigate the effects of the McKenzie exercise program on forward head posture and respiratory function. Methods: Thirty adult men and women with forward head posture, aged 20-29 years, were randomly assigned to the experimental group (N=15) or the control group (N=15). Subjects in the experimental group performed the McKenzie exercises three times a week for four weeks, while subjects in the control group did not receive any intervention. Craniovertebral angle (CVA) was measured to quantify forward head posture, and forced vital capacity (FVC), FVC % predicted, forced expiratory volume at one second (FEV₁), and FEV₁ % predicted were measured to determine changes in respiratory function. The Mann-Whitney U-test was used to analyze pre-test differences in forward head posture and respiratory function between the two groups, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze differences in forward head posture and respiratory function within the groups before and after intervention. The significance level (α) was set to 0.05. Results: A comparison of pre- and post-test measures showed that CVA significantly increased in the experimental group (p=0.001) denoting postural improvement, whereas no significant difference was found in the control group (p=0.053). All respiratory measures, i.e.,FVC, FVC %pred, FEV₁, and FEV₁ %pred, were significantly improved in the experimental group, whereas there were no significant differences in the control group. Conclusions: McKenzie exercise can be effective in improving forward head posture and respiratory function.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2023

PURPOSE: Recently, the proportion of respiratory diseases has been increasing worldwide, and deaths from respiratory diseases in Korea are increasing. Maintaining a healthy respiratory function is a crucial factor in preventing respiratory diseases. There are various ways to improve respiratory function, such as respiratory muscle and aerobic exercises. In other countries, respiratory muscle exercise is performed using a respiratory resistance mask, but such research is insufficient in Korea. Therefore, this paper proposes a respiratory exercise program using a respiratory resistance mask. METHODS: This study was conducted by dividing healthy adults in their 20s into a treadmill exercise + respiratory resistance mask group and a treadmill exercise group into an experimental group and a control group. The changes in the subject's physical function before and after exercise were confirmed by cardiopulmonary exercise and pulmonary function tests. RESULTS: As a result of the study, the experimental and control groups increased their physical function significantly (p < .05). On the other hand, when the increase rate according to the group was confirmed, the increase rate of the experimental group was higher. CONCLUSION: Based on this study, it is necessary to develop a respiratory exercise program using respiratory exercise tools such as a respiratory resistance mask and provide it easily to various subjects.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.799-811
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of sensory integration therapy (SIT) on gross motor development and respiratory function of cerebral palsy children. The design of this study was one-group pre-and post-test design. Subjects of the study were arbitrarily chosen based on predetermined selection criteria among the cerebral palsy children who were treated as out-patients at one rehabilitation hospital in Kyunggi-do. The study was conducted between early April and late July in 2000. Twelve children were in the experimental group. A five-step SIT program was devised from a combination of SIT programs suggested by Ayres(1985) and Fink(1989), and an author-designed SIT program for cerebral palsy children. The experimental group was subjected to 20 to 30 minutes of SIT per session, two sessions a week for ten-week period. Collected data were statistically analyzed by SPSS PC for Wilcoxon signed rank test, and paired t-test. The results were as follows: 1. In gross motor development, post-experimental gross motor scores were higher compared to pre-experimental scores with statistical significance. 2. In respiratory function, post-experimental forced capacity vital scores were higher compared to pre-experimental scores with statistical significance. In conclusion, SIT was found to be effective in gross motor development and respiratory function. But, for the more effectiveness of SIT on gross motor development and respiratory function, further studies employing longer-time experiments are recommended.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.398-405
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• 2021

Objective: The interest of clinicians is increasing due to the newly established medical insurance for pulmonary rehabilitation. Improvement of respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function is an important factor in pulmonary rehabilitation, and this study aims to investigate the correlation between changes in respiratory muscle contraction thickness that can affect respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function. Design: Cross-sectional observational study. Methods: Thirty-one subjects (male=13, female=18) participated in this study. The respiratory muscle strength was measured by dividing it into inspiratory/forced expiratory muscles, and the pulmonary function was measured by forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC. To evaluate the respiratory muscle length increase, in resting and concentric contraction thickness of diaphragm, external/internal oblique, transverse abdominis, and rectus abdominis were measured by using ultrasonography. Results: Inspiratory muscle strength showed a significant correlation with the length increase of the inspiratory muscle (r=0.368~0.521, p<0.05), and forced expiratory muscle strength showed a significant correlation with length increase of forced expiratory muscle (r=0.356~0.455, p<0.05). However, pulmonary function was not correlated with the length increase of the respiratory muscle. Conclusions: In this study, a correlation between respiratory muscle strength and respiratory muscle length increase was confirmed, but no correlation with the pulmonary function was found. It is considered that the respiratory muscle strength can be improved by increasing the respiratory muscle thickness through appropriate respiratory muscle training.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.489-496
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• 2013

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of respiratory muscle strengthening training on pulmonary function and gait ability in patients with subacute stroke. METHODS: Eighteen inpatients with subacute stroke were recruited for this study. The subjects were randomized into two group. All study groups participated in a conventional stroke rehabilitation intervention 30minutes a day 5 times a week for 4 weeks. For subjects from the experimental group, respiratory muscle strengthening training was performed: 30minutes a day 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Outcomes such as the pulmonary function(Forced Vital Capacity, Forced Expiratory Volume in one second, Maximal Voluntary Ventilation) and gait ability(10m walk test, 6 minute walk test) were measured before and after training. RESULT: There were significant differences of pulmonary function(FVC, FEV1 and MVV) and gait ability(10m walk test, 6minute walk test) between pre and post in the experimental group. In comparison of two group, experimental group was significant different pulmonary function(FVC, FEV1, MVV) and gait ability(6minute walk test) than control group. but, There was no significant difference of the gait ability(10m walk test). CONCLUSION: This study showed experimental group can be used to improve pulmonary function and gait ability than control group. These findings suggest that the respiratory muscle strengthening training effect on pulmonary function and gait ability for rehabilitation in patients with subacute stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.58-62
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• 2018

Purpose: This study evaluated the effects of respiratory muscle training on respiratory function, balance, and activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with stroke. Methods: The study included 21 patients with stroke, divided into the experimental group and control group. Both groups underwent traditional physical therapy once a day for 30 minutes, five times weekly for 6 weeks. The experimental group underwent additional respiratory muscle training once a day, five times a week during the study period. Maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), Berg balance scale (BBS), and Korean-modified Barthel index (K-MBI) were measured before and after the study period. For statistical analysis, paired t-test was used to compare the difference between the pre and post values. Independent t-test was used compare the differences between groups. Results: Both groups had significantly improved MIP, MEP, BBS, and K-MBI scores after the study period. The experimental group had significantly improved MIP, MEP, BBS, and K-MBI scores. Conclusion: These results suggest that respiratory muscle training improves respiratory function, balance, and ADL in patients with stroke.