• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.53 no.6
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• pp.584-596
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the perspectives of frontline nurses working during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: An online qualitative study was conducted using a pragmatic approach. The data were collected in August 2021. Registered Korean nurses who provided direct nursing care to patients with confirmed COVID-19 were eligible for this study. An online survey was used to gather free-text data, which were then analyzed using machine-based network analysis and summative content analysis. Results: The analysis examined the responses of 126 participants and led to the identification of six prominent themes. These themes were further classified into three distinct levels: personal, task, and organizational. The identified themes are as follows: "collapse of personal life," "being overwhelmed by the numerous roles required," "personal protective equipment was sufficiently provided, but that is not enough," "changes in interprofessional collaboration," "inappropriate workforce management," and "diverted allocation of healthcare services and resources." Conclusion: Our findings highlight areas for improvement in resources, systems, and policies to enhance preparedness for future pandemics.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.433-444
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• 2008

In recent, the integrated water resources management should consider not only existing management objects such as water supply, power generation, and instream flows but also new management objects such as water quantity, water quality, and water habitats which management system is large and complex. Moreover, integrated basin plan or operation are needed for solving conflicts problems between basins and between water usages and to maximize water resources usages. To increase use of optimization method for actual operation and apply various objects, a reservoir operation rule was developed and the KModSim's hydrologic states for integrated water resources management were tested in this study. The simulation results show that the developed operation rules applied in hydrologic states good represent the actual storages of both the Yongdam and the Daecheong Reservoirs so, it is possible to improve the water allocation method usually used in the basin management and manage the integrated basin water resources if new operating rules are applied in optimized programming.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartC
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• v.16C no.4
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• pp.511-520
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• 2009

Grid technology enables high performance computation and mass data processing by connecting geographically distributed computing resources to high-speed network. To carry on grid tasks requiring guaranteed quality of service, we need to build converged infrastructure which controls and manages network resources as well as computing resources. In this paper, we defined grid network service interface and information model to support grid network path, resource creation and reservation. In addition to resource creation and reservation messages of the existing GLIF, grid network path and notification messages were defined in the grid network service interface. We also defined related statuses and messages for two-phase resource reservation mechanism. We designed and implemented network resource management system based on the grid network information model and service interface. We experimented in resource reservation, allocation and release of network resources in grid environment with GMPLS control and transport network.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.372-377
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• 2009

This paper evaluates the performance of three methods for predicting resources requested by mobile's calls and a call admission algorithm based on these predicting methods respectively in wireless networks. The first method is based on Wiener prediction model and the second method is based on the MMOSPRED algorithm and the third method is based on the neural network. The proposed call admission algorithm is based on prioritized handoff call in resource allocation. The resources for future handoff calls are therefore predicted and reserved in advance, and then new calls are admitted as long as the remaining resources are sufficient. We compare their performances in terms of prediction error, new call blocking and handoff dropping probabilities by simulation. Results show that the CAC based on Wiener prediction model performs favorably due to exact resources prediction.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.3-3
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• 2011

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Kra-Araks Basin (KAB) became an international river basin with respect to the South Caucasus states of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. However, there are no agreements regarding water allocation, water quality, or ecosystem maintenance among the aforementioned riparians. The main water problems in the basin include not only water quantity and quality, but also the lack of joint management. The aforementioned countries share many similar circumstances: location in a politically unstable but strategic region bureaucratic and structural issues; and more importantly, ongoing ethnic and related conflicts. Despite these obstacles, the countries recognize that they depend greatly on the basin, whose waters they must share. To that end, they proposed and participated in the joint NATO-OSCE South Caucasus River Monitoring (SCRMP) project between 2002 and 2009.The SCRMP sought to investigate and characterize the surface water quality in the KAB by providing equipment and training to all three countries. Several years' worth of water quality data were collected in the KAB: major ions; heavy metals; POPs (persistent organic pollutants); and radionuclides; The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (primary funder) and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europesupported the SCRMP not only to build capacity but also to promote cooperation and minimize conflict over water and other resources, thus providing a measure of security for Europe and other regions. The South Caucasus is a strategically-important region, functioning as a bridge between Asia and Europe. Energy-rich Azerbaijan seeks to become a key player in trade by serving as a transportation and energy hub between the energy and mineral-rich Central Asian KUT countries (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan) and Western Asia, Europe, and other areas. The presentation will summarize the scientific results of the SCRMP, elucidate the regional water-energy-security nexus, discuss future work in the region, and explain why the world needs to be concerned about the KAB and the entire South Caucasus.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.143-153
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• 2018

Soil characteristics along with various container lengths have an important role in the early survival rate and growth of seedlings by influencing the seedling quality. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of container length and different soil mixtures on the growth of poplar in a greenhouse. Two types of soil, homogeneous vs. heterogeneous, were used along with two container lengths (30 vs. 60 cm). The heterogeneous soil was made by dividing 50% vermiculite from a mixture of 25% vermicompost and 25% nursery soil in volume. For the homogeneous soil, the above three soil types were mixed together. Populus euramericana clone cuttings were planted in late April, and then, the growth height, root collar diameter (RCD) and biomass were measured in August. The height of the poplar was not significantly affected by container length and soil type, but the RCD was significantly affected by soil type. Leaf and root biomass was higher at the long container than at the short container for both soil treatments, but stem biomass was lower at the heterogeneous soil than at the homogeneous soil treatment. Root to shoot biomass ratio was higher at the heterogeneous soil treatment than at the homogeneous soil treatment by 12%. In conclusion, heterogeneous soil along with a long container is suitable to increase the carbon allocation into the root.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.55-62
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• 2015

Purpose - This study aims to investigate the success factors pertaining to K-POPs from an analysis of the internal business environment. Much research has investigated Korean Moves or how to popularize them. The research mainly focused on aspects of Korean Moves. However, few studies have attempted to examine Korean Moves or K-POPs from a managerial viewpoint. The current research tries to investigate the success factors of K-POP from strategic perspectives, specifically utilizing internal resource based view perspectives. It differentiates itself by looking at the competitiveness of K-POP from the internal resources. Research design, data, and methodology - In the entertainment industry, where creativity is heavily stressed, competitiveness is often regarded within the organization as a form of intangible asset, knowledge, or technology that is often related with the organization's personnel. Some research has tried to reveal the competitiveness of K-POP using Porter's competitiveness of nations framework. Others utilize the adapted model of Porter's structure. However, these models only look at the outside environment, and not inside a firm's resource, knowledge, or capabilities. This research utilizes the VRIO model to examine the internal resources and capabilities of K-POP producers. The model measures whether a firm's internal resources and capabilities are valuable, rare, difficult to imitate by competitors, or organizable. The research covered businesses whose yearly revenue exceeds $10 Million in music planning and recording in South Korea. There were only thirteen such companies (one percent of the total population). Of these, companies for whom 20 percent or more of the sales revenue comes from the abroad are targeted. Only seven are selected and these participated in the research. In order to find a firm's internal resources, we conducted qualitative research methodology. Their business names and persons who participated in this research are not revealed due to case sensitive issues. Instead, we use unrelated initials for their names and their statements. Results - From the in-depth interview with top-tier K-POP producers and managers, the current research tried to identify resources and capabilities that helped to strengthen their competitiveness. These resources and capabilities are sought from the scope of the VRIO model, which looks at the internal resources and capabilities from the scope of value, rarity, imitability, and organization. Interviews with the top tier producers and managers reveal the internal success factors of K-POPs. We conclude that these resources and capabilities are from internally accumulated producing know-how, unique managing (training) system, and outstanding all-round entertainment capabilities of the performers. Conclusions - These results indicate that the core resources and capabilities of K-POP are robust. It will take a significant amount of time and money to imitate for followers, because these resources and capabilities are the result of time investment and are embedded into producers' and performers' know-how. Taking Luo (2000)'s argument, K-POP is in the second stage of the globalization process, which is configuring and allocation resource capabilities to a global scope.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.4A
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• pp.471-480
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• 2000

With the limited wireless resources, various traffic in the cellular system is served based on micro-cell or pico-cell structure. The rapid increase in the number of mobile users results in the frequent handoff which is becoming a critical issue. In this paper, we propose a channel allocation scheme to reduce the probability of handoff failure. In this scheme, we provide a guard channel for each service to handle the handoff processes. It maintains the low probability of failure in handoff calls. To prevent the performance degradation due to the traffic variation, we use a channel arbitration method that adaptively manages the number of channels based on the call density. We evaluated the performance in terms of the initial call blocking probability and the handoff call blocking probability for various traffic and motility. We found that the proposed scheme keeps the lower probability of call blocking through the efficient channel arbitration than other suggested methods even for the irregular traffic conditions.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.25 no.4B
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• pp.593-603
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• 2000

In this paper, a dynamic route control scheme to increase speed of data communication over public network is presented. And a new structure of gateway which is suitable for the public network environments is proposed and analyzed. For dynamic allocation of transmission routing resources of the gateway and improvement of call processing ratio of the system, virtual queue is used. As results, route utilization ratio of the proposed scheme can be improved up to 60% as compared to the conventional fixed route control scheme. For the case of limited number of routes, it provides high speed data communication while maintaining delay time as low as possible. In addition, as the allocation period at call access node can be varied with the traffic in the proposed scheme, various traffics can be applied easily. Thus, it can be expected that the presented dynamic route control gateway may be suitable for application in high speed data communication over public network.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

Due to the increasing demand of network convergence, in future, hybrid/integrated satellite and terrestrial systems will play an important role. In that case, compatibilities between the satellite and terrestrial systems are very important for efficiency of the systems. 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) is one of the 4G system. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce the design of interleaver for mobile satellite system based 3GPP LTE specification. The 4G system including the LTE specification adopted adaptive modulation and coding (AMC) schemes for efficient usage of resources, and the updating interval of resource allocation is an order of msec. However, because of the long round trip delay of satellite systems, we cannot employ the same AMC scheme specified for the terrestrial system, and thus it cannot effectively counteract to short term fadings. Therefore, in order to overcome these problems, we propose an interleaver scheme combined with AMC. We present the interleaver design results considering mobile satellite system based on the LTE and analyze the simulation results.