• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.1403-1410
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• 2014

Epigenetic regulators like histone deacetylases (1 and 2), and viral onco-proteins (E6/E7) are known to be overexpressed in cervical cancer cells. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of curcumin on HDACs (1 and 2) and HPV E6/E7 in the cervical cancer cell line SiHa and a drug resistant clone $SiHa^R$ (derived from SiHa). It was further intended to investigate whether curcumin could sensitize the cells towards cisplatin induced cell killing by modulation of multi drug resistant proteins like MRP1 and Pgp1. Curcumin inhibited HDACs, HPV expression and differentially increased acetylation and up-regulation of p53 in SiHa and $SiHa^R$, leading to cell cycle arrest at G1-S phase. Up-regulation of pRb, p21, p27 and corresponding inhibition of cyclin D1 and CDK4 were observed. Cisplatin resistance in $SiHa^R$ due to over-expression of MRP1 and Pgp1 was overcome by curcumin. Curcumin also sensitized both the cervical cancer cells towards cisplatin induced cell killing. Inhibition of HDACs and HPVs led to cell cycle arrest at G1/S phase by alteration of cell cycle regulatory proteins. Suppression of MRP1 and Pgp1 by curcumin resulted in sensitization of cervical cancer cells, lowering the chemotherapeutic dose of the drug cisplatin.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.262-265
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• 2006

The antioxidative properties of lactobacilli originating from humans (Lactobacillus acidophilus KCTC 3111, Lactobacillus jonsonii KCTC 3141, Lactobacillus acidophilus KCTC 3151, and Lactobacillus brevis KCTC 3498) were investigated using in vitro methods, including inhibition of lipid peroxidation, resistance to hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity. L. acidophilus KCTC 3111 showed the highest inhibition of lipid peroxidation in both intact cells (49.7%) and cell lysate (65.2%). This strain exhibited resistance to hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical, which was viable for 7 h in the concentration of 1.0 mM hydrogen peroxide. In addition, this strain showed high hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. In the GPX activity assay, the highest activity was measured in L. brevis 3498. GPX activity of L acidophilus 3111 was lower than that of L. brevis 3498.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.149-160
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• 2000

As systematic methodologies are required for the evaluation on the durability of reinforced concrete structure, it is necessary to study and examine every factor which deteriorates the durability of structures. This paper aims to define factors affecting rebar corrosion and to establish a basis for a prediction of serviceability, regarding a state of harmful corrosion as a state when crack begins on the surface of concrete. The study results are followings; The corrosive current has changed by types of mixture, and this property enables the evaluations of corrosion resistance by mixture and concrete cover. The specimen using AE superplasticizer has better corrosion-resistance properties than non-AE specimen, as well those having low W/C and high unit cement weight. The procedure for calculation of durable year in this study is able to use as an indicator to establish mixture factors such as unit cement weight, W/C, amount of admixture, etc.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.207-218
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• 2022

Aging in mammals, including humans, is accompanied by loss of bone and muscular function and mass, characterized by osteoporosis and sarcopenia. Although resistance exercise training (RET) is considered an effective intervention, its effect is blunted in some elderly individuals. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and its receptor, FGFR, can modulate bone and muscle quality during aging and physical performance. To elucidate this possibility, the FGFR inhibitor NVP-BGJ398 was administrated to C57BL/6n mice for 8 weeks with or without RET. Treatment with NVPBGJ398 decreased grip strength, muscular endurance, running capacity and bone quality in the mice. FGFR inhibition elevated bone resorption and relevant gene expression, indicating altered bone formation and resorption. RET attenuated tibial bone resorption, accompanied by changes in the expression of relevant genes. However, RET did not overcome the detrimental effect of NVP-BGJ398 on muscular function. Taken together, these findings provide evidence that FGFR signaling may have a potential role in the maintenance of physical performance and quality of bone and muscles.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.39-45
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• 1973

The majority of drugs used in the treatment of superficial fungal infections has limited values due to its low efficacy or development of resistance. For the purpose of searching efficacious agent on the superficial fungal infections induced by dermatophytes which is regarded as the most malicious one, authors examined whether Chinae Rhizoma Extracts have significant on it. Extracts from Smilax china Linne used for the study are water extract (CRWE), ethanol extract (CREE) and methanol extract (CRME). In in vitro studies, the spores of the dermatophytes were inoculated on Sabouraud's glucose agar media which contained three extracts of Chinae Rhizoma in each concentration of $500\;{\mu}g/ml$, $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ and $5,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ respectively, and also $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ of salicylic acid and undecylenic acid $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ as comparable drugs. The growth of the dermatophytes were observed for 3 weeks. The species of the dermatophytes used in this experiment were Epidermophyton floccosum, Microsporum canis, Microsporum cookei, Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum nanum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton tonsurans and Trichophyton verrucosum distributed from The Institute of Tropical Medicine in Belgium. The results of the studies were as follows: 1. The growth of M. canis, M. nanum, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum & T. tonsurans were slightly inhibited in CRWE $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ and CRWE $5,000\;{\mu}g/ml$, and only slight inhibition on the growth of E. floccosum, M. canis and M. gypseum were observed in CRWE $5,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. 2. Complete inhibition of T. rubrum, moderate inhibition of M. nanum & T. tonsurans, and slight inhibition of E. floccosunl, M. canis, M. cookei & T. mentagrophytes in growth were observed in concentration of CREE $500\;{\mu}g/ml$. The growth of M. gypseum was slightly inhibited, moderate inhibition on the growth of M. canis, M. cookei & T. mentagrophytes, and complete inhibition of E. floccosum, M. nanum, T. rubrum & T. tonsurans in growth were observeed by CREE $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. With $5,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ of CREE, the growth of E. floccosum, M. canis, M. cookei, M. gypseum, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum & T. tonsurans were completely inhibited except T. verrucosum being showed slight inhibition. 3. In CRME $500\;{\mu}g/ml$, slight inhibition of T. verrucosum, moderate inhibition of M. gypseum and complete inhibition of E. floccosum, M. canis, M. cookei, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum & T. tonsurans in growth were observed. The growth of E. floccosum, M. canis, M. cookei, M. gypseum, M. nanum, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum & T. tonsurans were completely inhibited except T. verrucosum being showed moderate inhibition in both CRME $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ and CRME $5,000\;{\mu}g/ml$. 4. In $1,000\;{\mu}g/ml$ of undecylenic acid, slight inhibition of T. verrucosum and complete inhibition of E, floccosum, M. canis, M. cookei, M. gypseum, M. nanum, T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum & T. tonsurans in growth were observed. From the above results, it was found that Chinas Rhizoma Alcoholic Extracts(CREE & CRME) exerted significant antifungal activity, and their effects were probably derived from the pharmacological actions of triterpenoidal saponin and steroidal saponin.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.441-445
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• 1993

Ten bacteriocin-producing Enterococcus faecium strains with urease activity ($1.10-6.2nkat.mL^{-1}$) were isolated from the rumen of 2-8 weeks old calves. All strains were resistant aginst disodium arsenate at a minimal inhibition concentration - MIC $5g.L^{-1}$ and mercury chloride ($MIC=10-20mg.L^{-1}$). Eight strains were resistant against silver nitrate ($MIC=40-50mg.L^{-1}$) and three against antibiotics used. The resistance against six antibiotics was found in A23 strain. Values of adherence index ranged from 5.02 to 20.4 enterococci adhered per one epithelial cell of rumen wall. All isolates produced bacteriocins which inhibited the growth at least of one of five indicator organisms. The EF1 strain with a good affinity to the epithelial cell ($15.2{\pm}1.2$) produced bacteriocin substance with antimicrobial activity against grampositive and gramnegative indicator bacteria.

• 한국식물병리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물병리학회 2003년도 정기총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.95.1-95
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• 2003

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) have been shown to suppress phytopthora blight. This suppression has been related to both microbial antagonism and induced resistance. The PGPR isolates were screened by dual culture plate method and most of the isolates were showed varying levels of antagonism. Among the PGPR isolates pyoverdin, pyochelin and salicylic acid producing strains showed the maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of Phytopkhora capsici and increased plant growth promotion in red pepper. PGPR isolates further analysed for its ability to induce production of defence related enzymes and chemicals. The activities such as Phenyle alanin ammonia Iyase (PAL), Peroxidase (PO), Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and accumulation of phenolics were observed in PGPR pretreated red pepper plants challenged with Phytopkhora capsici. The present study shows that an addition of direct antagonism and plant growth promotion, induction of defense related enzymes involved to enhance resistance against invasion of P. capsici in red pepper.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 1994

Macrtophages play an important role in defense against virus infection by intrinsic resistance and by extrinsic resistance. Since interferon-induced enzymes which are 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase and p1/eIF-2 protein kinase have been shown to be involved in the inhibition of viral replication, I examined the mechanism by which poly I:C, an interferon inducer, exerts its antiviral effects in inflammatory macrophages infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). The data presented here demonstrate that poly I:C-induced antiviral activity is partially due to the activation of 2'-5' pligoadenylate synthetase. The activation of 2'-5' oligoadenlate A synthetase by poly I:C is also at least mediated via the production of interferon-.betha.. Taken together, these data indicate that interferon-.betha. produced in response to poly I:C acts in an autocrine manner to activate the 2'-5' oligoadenylate synthetase and to induce resistance to HSV-1.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.73-80
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• 1998

The aim of this study is to develop sintered stainless steels (SSS) with good mechanical strength, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance by nitrogen ion implantation on the Culated SSS surface. Stainless steel compacts containg Cu (2-10 wt%) were prepared by electroless Cu-pating method which results in the increased3 homogenization in alloying powder. Nitrogen ion implantation was carried out by using N2 gas as the ion source. Nitrogen ions were embedded by an acceleratol of 130keV with doese $3.0\times10^{17}\;ions/\textrm{cm}^2$ on the SSS at $25^{\circ}C$ in$2\times10^{-6}$ torr vacuum. The nitrogen ion implanted SSS obtained from anodic ploarization curves revealed higher corrosion potential than that of nitrogen ion unimplante one. And nitrogen ion implanted 316LSSS had good resistance to pitting corrosion due to the synergistic effect of Mo and N, and the inhibition of $NH_4\;^+$<\TEX>, against $CI^-$<\TEX>.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.169-178
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• 2013

Objectives : Many cancers acquired resistance to chemotherapy, thus limiting its anticancer efficacy. It is known that Glutathione (GSH) is related to the development of drug resistance. The expression of GSH synthesizing glutamylcysteine ligase (GCL) was controlled by nuclear factor-E2-related factor(Nrf2). Previous studies showed that pharmacological depletion of GSH results in ROS increase, apoptotic response, and sensitization to oxidizing stimuli. In the current study, we examined Saussurea Lappa (SL) have the inhibitory effect on Nrf2 activity using human lung cancer A549 cells overexpressing Nrf2. Methods : Cell viability of A549 cells on SL treatment was determined by MTT assay. To detect the apeptosis in SL-treated A549 cells, sub-G1 population was measured by flow cytometry analysis (FACS). The level ROS was determined by FACS and fluorescence microscopy. To investigate whether SL have effect the suppression on Nrf2, we performed western blotting analysis. The GSH content was measured since GSH plays an important role in response to oxidative stress and was regulated by Nrf2. Results : A549 cells treated with an SL extract showed a substantial decrease in cell viability, along with a concomitant increase in apoptosis compared to untreated cells. Treatment of the SL extract led to increased Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and a suppression of Nrf2. In addition, the antioxidant NAC attenuated SL-induced ROS generation, Nrf2 inhibition, and apoptosis. Taken together, these data show that the SL extract induced the production of ROS, and the inhibition of Nrf2, consequently resulting in A549 cell death. Conclusions : These results suggest that SL might be an effective agent to enhance anticancer drug sensitivity via Nrf2 inhibition.