• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.130-138
• /
• 2000

Objectives : When sweating factor is excluded, to know the influence of acupuncture stimulation on electrical resistance. Methods : Regional anaesthesia(Lidocane 2%, 1ml, Subcutaneous injection) is applied to measured regions, 4cm round area including left Neiguan P6. So we can make adiaphoresis. Before and after acupucnture stimulation to Laogong P8, we measured the electrical resistance of anesthetized left Neiguan P6, anesthetized non-acupoint, normal left Ximen P4, and normal right Neiguan P6. For measurment, we use the 1.2V, DC system that has 100$k{\Omega}$ internal resistance Results : Under the adiaphoresis, Acupuncture stimulation makes the significant decrease of electrical resistance. In normal regions, so does it. Conclusions : When the acupuncture stimulation is applied to human boby, the decrease of electrical resistance is due not only to sweat secretion but also to other internal resistance.

• 무역상무연구
• /
• 제29권
• /
• pp.89-119
• /
• 2006

The almost studies that is related to an e-Trade and an e-Marketplace only have been focused on the diffusion and acceptance since the innovation was adopted in markets. The existing studies failed to notice the resistance of innovation in the course of accepting innovation. The resistance of innovation, however, is not the contrary concept of acceptance, it is should be understood as a construct which can explain the course of the diffusion and acceptance. This study will be analysed as follows: First, nevertheless the resistance of users is important, it couldn't be presented systematically through acceptance of innovation, accordingly the concept of resistance of innovation will derive concept from review of literature researched on prior researches. Second, the factors which can be affected to the resistance of innovation of the main trade firms which use the e-Marketplace will draw. Third, we identify some of determinants that can affect to resistance of user by empirical study, also we investigate how participation can be affected by using a contingency variable. The independent variables used through researched review are the characteristic factors of trade e-Marketplace which was consisted of relative advantage, suitability and complexity, the characteristic factors of trade firms which was consisted of propensity of innovation and attitude, and the characteristic of service quality which was consisted of reliability and reaction. This research also examines the association between independent variables and the resistance of user(dependent variable) by using a variable on participation of user(moderator variable). The sample surveys for this study have been used 109, this study was analysed by the SPSS 12.0 of statistical tool. According to the proved hypothesis there are three important factors which affected the resistance of user. One factor was the relative advantage and complexity from the point of view on the trade firms characteristics of e-marketplace, another factor was the propensity of innovation from the point of view on the trade firms factors, the third factor was the reliance from the point of view on the service quality factors. The results also provided that relative advantage and suitability among the characteristics of e-Marketplace and the reliability among the service quality characteristics have moderated in the moderated regression which was tested the association independent variables and dependent variables while participation of user was using for contingency variable.

• 농업과학연구
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.1-15
• /
• 2017

In major field crops, synthetic herbicides have been used to control weeds worldwide. Globally, herbicide resistance in weeds should be minimized because it is a major limiting factor for food security. Cross resistance can occur with herbicides within the same or in different herbicide families and with the same or different sites of action. Multiple resistance refers to evolved mechanisms of resistance to more than one herbicide (e.g., resistance to both ALS-inhibitors and ACCase-inhibitors) and this resistance was brought about by separate selection processes. Target site resistance could occur from changes at the biochemical site of action of one herbicide. Non target site resistance occurs through mechanisms which reduce the number of herbicide molecules that reach the herbicide target site. There are currently 480 unique cases (species ${\times}$ site of action) of herbicide resistance globally in 252 plant species (145 dicots and 105 monocots). To date, resistance in weeds has been reported to 161 different herbicides, involving 23 of the 26 known herbicide sites of action. Finally, it can be concluded that we can protect crops associated to herbicide resistant weeds by applications of biochemical, genetic and crop control strategies.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제9권6호
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to propose rational methods in order to maintain vegetation condition and soil environment based on the analysis of tree growth in relation to the soil environment, which is one of the most significant environmental factors on vegetation condition in urban parks and open spaces. The result of the study can be described as below;The soil on every study site had strong acidity. In particular, study sites around industrial district and central business district showed extreme soil acidity. Therefore, soil management system is needed in urban parks and green spaces around those areas. Among Cambium Electric Resistance classified by locations of urban parks and open spaces, one in the costal area was the lowest. The Cambium Electric Resistance in the industrial area was the highest. Therefore, soil condition and locational environment in the industrial area are highly related to the Cambium Electric Resistance. Among the factors, which affect Cambium Electric Resistance in different locations, inorganic content was found to be the main factor in all of the study sites. Inorganic content was an important factor to the Cambium Electric Resistance in study sites located in industrial and central business districts. In the study sites located in costal area, Soil acidity was found to be other important factors that affect Cambium Electric Resistance. To improve the soil acidity, soil buffering ability should be improved from activating microorganisms in the soil by using lime and organic material, Since it takes a long time to make a change in the soil structure, well planed maintenance system is required by mid-term or long-term plans.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국태양에너지학회 2009년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.235-240
• /
• 2009

Crystlline silicon solar cells markets are increasing at rapid pace. now, crystlline silicon solar cells markets screen-printing solar cell is occupying. screen-printing solar cells manufacturing process are very quick, there is a strong point which is a low cost. but silicon and metal contact, uses Ag & Al pates. because of, high contact resistance, high series resistance and sintering inside process the electric conductivity decreases with 1/3. and In pastes ingredients uses Ag where $80{\sim}90%$ is metal of high cost. because of low cost solar cells descriptions is difficult. therefore BCSC(Buried Contact Solar Cell) is developed. and uses light-induced plating, ln-line galvanization developed equipments. Ni/Cu matel contact solar cells researches. in Germany Fraunhofer ISE. In order to manufacture high-efficiency solar cells, metal selections are important. metal materials get in metal resistance does small, to be electric conductivity does highly. efficiency must raise an increase with rise of the curve factor where the contact resistance of the silicon substrate and is caused by few with decrement of series resistance. Ni metal materials the price is cheap, Ti comes similar resistance. Cu and Ag has the electric conductivity which is similar. and Cu price is cheap. In this paper, Ni/Cu/Ag metal contact cell with screen printing manufactured, silicon metal contact comparison and analysis.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
• /
• 제28권8호
• /
• pp.31-41
• /
• 2012

연약지반에 건설되는 송전철탑 말뚝기초는 부등침하로 인한 철탑구조체의 손상을 유발 할 수 있다. 이에 따라 일본과 미국에서는 철탑을 지지하는 각 기초부를 연결보로 연결한 연결형기초의 사용을 추천하고 있다(TEPCO 1988, IEEE 2001). 연결형 말뚝기초의 저항력증가계수는 연결체의 영향으로 인하여 증가되는 연결형 말뚝기초의 저항력의 증가량을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 점토지반에 근입된 송전철탑 연결형말뚝 기초의 모형수평재하시험을 수행하여 연결형 말뚝기초의 저항력증가계수를 도출하였다. 본 시험은 실트질 점토지반에서 수행되었으며, 수평하중의 재하높이와 재하각도, 말뚝기초를 연결하는 연결체의 강성을 변화시켜 다양한 조건상에서의 저항력 증가계수를 도출하였다. 본 연구에서 도출된 저항력 증가계수는 송전철탑의 하중작용높이와 기초를 연결하는 연결체의 강성에 대한 함수로 나타났으며, 도출된 증가계수를 통하여 연결형 말뚝기초의 저항력을 산정한 결과 측정결과와 비교적 일치하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국지반신소재학회논문집
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.205-214
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 경사식 방파제의 원호활동에 대한 하중저항계수 설계법을 개발하였다. 이를 위하여 국내 8개의 경사식 방파제의 설계 자료를 수집하였으며, 지반의 강도 및 단위중량, 피복제와 상치구조물의 단위중량, 상치구조물 상부에 재하되는 하중의 불확실성을 결정하였다. 다양한 해석변수의 불확실성에 대해 가장 취약한 원호활동면을 찾는 과정을 재현하기 위하여 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션(Monte Carlo Simulation)을 수행하였다. 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션 결과는 신뢰성 분석을 위한 FORM(First-Order Reliability Method) 해석에 사용하였다. 신뢰성 분석 결과를 통해 목표신뢰도 지수에 따른 최적 하중 및 저항계수를 산정하였으며, 산정된 최적 하중 및 저항계수를 이용하여 본 연구에서 개발한 하중 및 저항 계수를 제시하였다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
• /
• 제23권4호
• /
• pp.495-501
• /
• 2011

2007년 개정된 콘크리트구조설계기준에서 제시하고 있는 강도설계법의 하중 조합은 ACI 318-05 기준의 하중저항계수설계법(LRFD)을 참고하여 작성된 것이다. LRFD는 하중계수와 저항계수의 조합으로 이루어져 있고, 이 계수들의 선정은 대상 파괴 모드에 대하여 미리 규정된 파괴 확률 또는 신뢰도 지수의 수준에 부합하여야한다. 이 때 하중계수 및 저항계수의 결정은 대상 구조물의 지역적 및 시대적 특성을 반영할 수 있는 통계 자료에 기초한 구조 신뢰성 이론에 따라 이루어져야 한다. 그러나 현재 우리나라의 설계기준은 통계자료의 많은 부분을 외국의 연구 결과에 의존하고 있는 실정이다. 이를 개선하기 위하여 이 연구에서는 지금까지 국내에서 연구된 자료에 기초하여 현행 콘크리트 구조설계기준의 안전 수준을 분석하고 이에 따른 합리적인 목표 신뢰도 지수를 결정하였으며, 이를 바탕으로 국내 현실에 적합한 저항계수(강도감소계수)를 제안하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 향후 우리나라의 고유한 저항계수 및 하중계수를 개정할 때 유용한 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 수산해양기술연구
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.94-100
• /
• 1988

평면 굽힘부식피로 시험기를 사용하여 선박용 알루미늄합금재의 부식피로파양에 관한 연구를 한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 비저항이 증가함에 따라서 초기 부식피로균열발생까지의 반복회수는 지연되고, 그 부식감수성은 감소하는 양상을 나타낸다. 2. 비저항이 감소할수록 Paris rule의 실험상수 m 값은 작아지면서 응력강도 계수값에 비해 부식에 의한 영향이 더욱 민감해 진다. 3. 알루미늄 5086 합금의 부식피로균열은 입계균열파양의 양상을 보이고 있다. 4. 응력강도계수값이 증가함에 따라 부식감수성은 감소되어지고 응력강도계수값이 40kg.mm super(-3/2) 이상일 때 부식감수성은 거의 균일하게 된다.

• 지질공학
• /
• 제14권4호
• /
• pp.451-460
• /
• 2004

사면안정해석에 일반적으로 이용되는 2차원 한계평형해석에서는 활동면의 강도를 활동면 전체에 동일하게 설정한다. 그러나 사면의 활동면에서 저면부와 가장자리부의 강도는 다른 경우가 대부분이다. 4가지 절취모델을 이용한 3차원 사면안정해석의 결과에 따르면 활동면내에서 가장자리부의 저항력이 사면의 안정성에 크게 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 3차원 사면안정해석에서 활동면 강도를 저면부와 가장자리부로 구분하여 설정함으로써 지금까지 고려하지 못했던 사면 가장자리부의 전단강도가 사면안정에 미치는 영향을 정량적으로 파악할 수 있었다. 활동 저면부의 저항력이 낮은 경우에는 사면의 측부 절토에 의하여 안전율이 크게 저하되며, 저항력이 높은 경우에는 말단부 절토에 의하여 안전율이 저하되고 두부 절토에 의하여 안전율이 향상된다.