• 자원환경지질
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.261-271
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• 1999

Mining activity in the Gubong gold mine started in 1908 and lasted up to recent days. Heavy metals derived from the activity may be porentially toxic to human life and envirinment of this area. Because metal toxicity depends on chemical associations into five operationally defined groups: exchangeable, carbonate, reducible, oxidizable, and residual fractions, and the Most of heavy metals have significant little significance (alomost<1%). And Cu is mainly associated with the oxidizable from. Total concentration of heavy metals, pH, and mineralogy affect the chemical forms of the metals. Heavy metal concentrations. Significant amounts of metal elements (5∼65.1% in Pb, 6.2∼39.7% in Zn, 8.7∼54.7% in Cd, and 3.6∼24.7% in Cu) were present in carbonate form from mine wastes, contaminated soils and sediments. High pH value and cerussite (Pb bearing carbonate mineral) in mine wastes, contaminated soils and sediments. High pH value and cerussite (Pb beraring varbonate mineral) in mine waste support this result. Areas with high corbonate bound from would have higher potentoal conamination, however, because elements of carbonate bound forms are easily mobilized under lower pH conditions in the surface envionments due to acid to rain soil acidification.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.413-419
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• 1998

Acetaminophen 자화성 Pseudomonas sp.에 존재하는 aryl acylamidase[EC 3.5.1.13]는 ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE-Sephacel anion exchange chromatography, Phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B hydrophobic interaction chroamtography 및 Sephadex G-100 gel-permeation chromatography를 통해 순수 정제되었다. 정제된 효소는 SDS-PAGE상에서 분자량을 측정한 결과 56 kDa, Sephadex G-100 gel-permeation chromatography로 측정한 결과 57 kDa이었으며, 따라서 단일한 subunit로 구성된 효소이었다. 정제된 효소의 최대 활성을 위한 pH와 온도는 각각 pH 10.5와 4$0^{\circ}C$이였다. 5$0^{\circ}C$에서 30분간 처리시 34%의 잔존활성을 나타내었다. Acetaminophen과 4'-nitroacetanilide쉐 대한 Km값은 각각 0.10 mM과 0.11 mM 이었다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.231-243
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• 2002

자유 에너지 직선관계(LFER)를 위시하여 약효와 잔류 지속성은 물론, 전이상태 착물을 모방하기 위한 농약들의 가수분해 반응 메카니즘과 그 필요성에 대하여 논의하였다. 또한, 정량적인 구조-활성상관(QSAR) 기법을 활용하여 새로운 농약을 탐색하고 개발하는데 있어서 생물활성을 구체적으로 이해하기 위하여 양자 약리학적 파라미터를 포함한 전자효과, 입체효과 및 소수성 효과 등의 설명 인자들과 그 활용 연구 사례 그리고 새로운 농약의 개발 과정에 대하여 간략하게 요약하였다.

• Advances in environmental research
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2012

Microbial degradation of hydrocarbons is found to be an attractive process for remediation of contaminated habitats. However the poor bioavailability of hydrocarbons results in low biodegradation rates. Cyclodextrins are known to increase the bioavailability of variety of hydrophobic compounds. In the present work we purified the Cyclodextrin Glucanotransferase (CGTase) enzyme which is responsible for converting starch into cyclodextrins and studied its role on biodegradation of diesel oil contaminated soil. Purification of CGTase from Enterobacter cloacae was done which resulted in 6 fold increase in enzyme activity. The enzyme showed maximum activity at pH 7, temperature $60^{\circ}C$ with a molecular weight of 66 kDa. Addition of purified CGTase to the treatment setup with Pseudomonas mendocina showed enhanced biodegradation of diesel oil ($57{\pm}1.37%$) which was similar to the treatment setup when added with Pseudomonas mendocina and Enterobacter cloacae ($52.7{\pm}6.51%$). The residual diesel oil found in treatment setup added with Pseudomonas mendocina at end of the study was found to be $73{\pm}0.21%$. Immobilization of Pseudomonas mendocina on alginate containing starch also led to enhanced biodegradation of hydrocarbons in diesel oil at 336 hours.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 1984

This experiment carried out to obtain the thermophilic yeast, suitable for ethanol fermentation, and two usable strain were isolated. And microbial characteristics of these strains were investigated, and ethanol fermentation tested. The results obtained were as follows; 1. The selected yeasts were identified D-71 with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and J-515 with Saccharomyces fermentati. 2. The strains D-71 and J-515 were showed the highest ethanol fermentation activity in the crushed corn mash of high concentration at $35^{\circ}C$, and showed the slightly lower at $40^{\circ}C$ than in the case of $35^{\circ}C$. 3. The strains D-71 and J-515 were showed the very higher ethanol fermentation activity than that of compared strain at $35^{\circ}C$ and $40^{\circ}C$, and at these temperature, fermentation period was a little bit of short. 4. On fermentation test using D-71 and J-515, the residual total sugar in the mash was very lower at $35^{\circ}C$.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.34.1-34.1
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• 2010

Studies suggest that activities in luminous AGNs, residing mostly in early-type galaxies, are triggered by merging. However, the observational evidence for the connection between mergers and AGN activity is not clear yet because tracer of the past merging activities such as tidal tail, shell are often too faint. To see if we can reveal the merging features with a small telescope, we observed an AGN, MARK 478, at z=0.077 with long exposure time (7550 seconds) in V filter at Maidanak observatory. Our 2-D fitting analysis shows that the host galaxy of MARK 478 has the bulge to the total luminosity ratio of 0.3. And the residual image, after subtracting point spread function (PSF), bulge and disk components, shows that the host galaxy has an arm-like feature that could be a spiral arm or a feature from minor merging. We also show that the structural parameters obtained from our 2-D fitting match well with those derived from HST image. The promising result suggests that studies of low redshift AGN host galaxies are possible with data from a small telescope. In order to allow a statistical analysis, we hope to expand our sample size in future.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제34권8호
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• pp.1293-1296
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• 2005

일상 식생활에서 널리 섭취하고 있는 식용 및 미식용인 16종의 해조류를 사용하여 니트로사민의 직접적인 생성인자인 아질산염 소거작용에 관하여 검토하였다. 그 결과, 갈조류의 경우가 녹조류 및 홍조류에 비해 우수한 분해효과를 나타내었으며 갈조류 중에서도 다시마과의 감태, 곰피, 구멍쇠 미역이 뛰어난 아질산염 분해효과를 나타내었다. 또한 각 시료 모두 pH의존성이 크게 나타나 pH 4.2 및 6.0에서 보다 pH 1.2에서 아질산염 분해효과가 뛰어났으며 아질산염 분해효과가 우수할수록 환원력이 높아 아질산염 분해능과 환원력은 밀접한 관련성을 나타내었다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.329-334
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• 2006

본 연구는 시판되고 있는 4종의 항생제계통 살충제(abamectin, emamectin benzoate, spinosad=등록약제, milbemectin=미등록약제)에 대한 아메리카잎굴파리의 발육단계별 약제감수성을 조사하였다. 4약제 모두 알과 유충에 대해서 높은 살충효과를 나타내었으나, 번데기와 성충에 대해서는 낮은 살충효과를 나타내었다. 암컷성충의 산란억제 효과는 abamectin, emamectin benzoate, spinosad에서 100%를 나타내었으며, milbemectin은 85%의 산란억제율을 나타내었다. 섭식흔적수는 milbemectin을 제외하고는 크게 감소되었으며, 성충수명 역시 milbemectin을 제외하고 무처리의 평균 5.5일에 비하여 0.8-1.4일로 크게 단축되었다. 산란효과는 abamectin, emamectin benzoate 그리고 spinosad는 처리 후 7일까지 높았으나, milbemectin은 낮았다.

• Journal of Interdisciplinary Genomics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.6-9
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• 2019

In this report, the phenotypes of three patients from two families with mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) are compared: a novel variant and recombinant variant of IDS gene. The results of urine in patients showed a pronounced increase in glycosaminoglycan excretion with decreased iduronate-2-sulfatase enzyme activity in leukocyte, leading to a diagnosis of MPS II. A patient has a novel variant with 1 bp small insertion, c.1224_1225insC in exon 9, which caused frameshifts with a premature stop codon, and two patients have a recombination variant, c.418+495_1006+1304del, leading to the loss of exons 4, 5, 6, and 7 in genomic DNA, which is relatively common in Korean patients. They had different phenotypes even in the same mutation. The patients have now been enzyme replacement therapy with a significant decrease in glycosaminoglycan excretion. Further study on residual enzyme activity, as well as experience with more cases, may shed light on the relationship between phenotypes in MPS II and gene mutations.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.83-93
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• 2011

Biochemical and enzymatic characterization for extracellular protease isolated from Cordyceps militaris cultivated on rice bran medium was investigated. C militaris produced proteolytic enzymes from 10 days after inoculation, maximum enzyme production was found at 25 days. The optimum temperature and pH of proteases production was at $25^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.0, respectively. The protease activity was observed in the four peaks (Pro-I, Pro-II, Pro-III, and Pro-IV) separated through Sephadex G-100 column chromatography. The separated protease was optimally active at $25^{\circ}C$. Optimum pH of the protease was between 7 and 8. Enzyme was also stable over at $30-80^{\circ}C$. The enzyme was highly stable in a pH range of 4-9. Protease activity was found to be slightly decreased by the addition of $Mg^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$, $Zn^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$ and $Cu^{2+}$, whereas inhibited by the addition of $Ca^{2+}$ and $Co^{2+}$ Protease activity was inhibited by protease inhibitor PMSF. On the other hand, the partially purified protease was investigated on proteolytic protease activity by zymogram gel electrophoresis using three substances (casein, gelatin and fibrin). Four active bands (F-I, FII, F-III, and F-IV) of fibrin degradation were revealed on fibrin zymogram gels. Both of F-II and FIII showed caseinolytic, fibrinolytic and gelatinolytic activities in three gels. Thermostability, pH stability, and pH-thermostability of the enzyme determined the residual fibrinolytic activity also displayed on fibrin zymogram gel. The only one enzyme (F-II) displayed over a broad range of temperature at $30-90^{\circ}C$. The FII displayed fibrinolytic activity in the pH range 3-5, but was inactivated in the range of pH 6-11. The F-I and F-III showed enzyme activity in the pH range of 6-11. In the pH-thermostability, the F-II only kept fibrinolytic activity after heating at $100^{\circ}C$ for 10, 20 and 30 min at pH 3 and pH 7, respectively. On the other hand, the F-II was retained activity until heating for 10 min under pH 11 condition. By using fibrin zymogram gel electrophoresis, extracellular fibrinolytic enzyme F-II from C. militaris showed unusual thermostable under acid and neutral conditions.