• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권17호
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• pp.8003-8008
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• 2015

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate whether family history of cancer is associated with head and neck cancer risk in a Chinese population. Materials and Methods: This case-control study included 921 cases and 806 controls. Recruitment was from December 2010 to January 2015 in eight centers in East Asia. Controls were matched to cases with reference to sex, 5-year age group, ethnicity, and residence area at each of the centers. Results: We observed an increased risk of head and neck cancer due to first degree family history of head and neck cancer, but after adjustment for tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and betel quid chewing the association was no longer apparent. The adjusted OR were 1.10 (95% CI=0.80-1.50) for family history of tobacco-related cancer and 0.96 (95%CI=0.75-1.24) for family history of any cancer with adjustment for tobacco, betel quid and alcohol habits. The ORs for having a first-degree relative with HNC were higher in all tobacco/alcohol subgroups. Conclusions: We did not observe a strong association between family history of head and neck cancer and head and neck cancer risk after taking into account lifestyle factors. Our study suggests that an increased risk due to family history of head and neck cancer may be due to shared risk factors. Further studies may be needed to assess the lifestyle factors of the relatives.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.143-153
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• 2002

경상북도 일개면 지역에 거주하는 65세 이상 재가노인 355명을 대상으로 방문보건의료 요구도를 알아봄으로써 향후 보건기관의 효율적이고 효과적인 방문보건의료서비스 제공방안의 기초자료를 제시하고자 하였다. 주관적 건강상태는 64.5%가 허약하다고 하였고, 저ADL과 저IADL이 각각 14.1%, 14.9%였다. 의료인의 도움을 받아야할 건강문제가 있다고 응답한 노인이 73.5%이었는데, 성, 연령, 결혼상태, 의료보장상태, 직업유무, 경제적 상태, 치료여건, 주관적 건강상태, 일상생활수행정도, 수단적 일상생활수행정도에 따라 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 의료인의 도움을 받아야 할 건강문제가 있다고 느끼는 노인의 주관적인 방문보건의료 요구도는 19.5%였다. 방문보건의료 요구도는 75세 이상인 경우(p<0.05), 직업이 없는 경우(p<0.01) 유의하게 높았고, 가족이 화목하지 않을수록, 주관적 건강상태가 허약한 경우, 저 IADL인 경우 유의하게 높았다(p<0.01). 방문보건의료를 받기를 원하는 경우 이유는 돌봐줄 사람이 없어서가 64.7%로 가장 높았고, 거리가 너무 멀어서(지역적 문제)가 23.5%로 그 다음이었다. 제일원하는 방문보건의료서비스는 투약이 82.3%로 가장 높았다. 방문보건의료를 원하지 않는 경우 이유는 거동이 가능하므로 60.0%, 의사와 직접 만나기를 원하므로 25.7%의 순이었다. 방문보건의료 요구여부를 종속변수로 한 다중 로지스틱 회귀분석 결과, 가족이 화목하지 않을수록, 주관적 건강상태가 허약할수록 방문요구도가 높았다(p<0.05).

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.87-104
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• 2004

This study selected the fifth and sixth graders of elementary school in Jeollanamdo who can express their opinions of safety consciousness and understand the items of questionnaire as the population. It selected 10 elementary schools under the supervision of Jeonnam Board of Education and sampled 700 students randomly from 2-3 classes in the 5th and the 6th grade. One preliminary survey was conducted to revise and complement the contents and forms of questionnaire with 70 students of a school from Apr. 1 to 6, 2004 and this study was conducted from Apr. 10 to 30, 2004. Data of this study were collected by explaining the purport of study to subjects after obtaining approval of principal and teacher of the school and distributing questionnaires. Total 700 questionnaires were distributed and 681 were collected (97%) and 602 were used for final analysis except 79 lacking responses. The results of this study are as follows. According to demographical characteristics of subjects, 'male' students were 302(50.%) and 'female' students were 300(49.8%) by sex and 'the 5th graders' were 285(47.3%) and 'the 6th graders' were 317(52.7%) in grade distribution. Residents at 'apartment house' were 406(67.4%) in residence type, 'going to school by foot' was 477 students(79.2%), 'high school graduates' were 297(49.3%) in fathers' education, 'high school graduates' were 366 (60.8%) in mothers' education, 'professional and office workers' were 231(38.4%) in fathers' job, 'full-time workers' were 283(47.0%) in mothers' job, and the number of siblings was one except myself in 343 students(57.0%). Respondents on the level of class showing 'good' were 340(56.5%) and those on the degree of adaptation to school life showing 'active' were 349(58.0%). On the characteristics related to safety education, 360(59.8%) responded it was 'very necessary', on the frequency of safety education at school for last one year, 339(56.3%) responded they had 'once or twice', on the frequency of safety education by parents, 279(46.3%) responded they 'often' had it, on the level of safety practice by parents, 347(57.6%) responded they practiced it 'frequently', on the source of knowledge of safety, 223(37.0%) responded they got it from 'parents, siblings and relatives', on the degree of recognizing the need of safety education textbooks, 295(38.5%) responded 'it was needed', on the recognition of necessity of teacher for safety education, 271(45.0%) answered it was very necessary', and on the recognition of qualification of teacher for safety education, 370(61.5%) answered it was 'paramedic'. The mean score of safety consciousness of subjects was 2.72 (SD. 21) of full score 3, having high score over mean score. According to each area, the area showing the highest safety consciousness was safety of fire(2.83), followed by home safety(2.76) and first-aid treatment(2.76), traffic safety(2.71), play and leisure safety(2.66) and school safety(2.56). Items showing statistical differences in the degree of safety consciousness according to demographical characteristics were sex(t=-3.11, p=.002), education(t=2.33, p=.021) and number of siblings(F=3.729, p=.011). In the difference of safety consciousness between both sexes, 'female' students(2.75) showed higher safety consciousness than 'male' students (2.69), and the former also showed higher safety consciousness than the latter in all six areas of school safety, play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety, home safety and first-aid treatment, and there were statistical differences in the areas of play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety and first-aid treatment. According to the differences of safety consciousness by grade, 'the fifth graders'(2.74) showed higher safety consciousness than 'the sixth graders'(2.70) and the former also showed higher safety consciousness than the latter in all six areas of school safety, play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety, home safety and first-aid treatment, and there were statistical differences in the areas of fire safety and home safety. In the safety consciousness by the number of siblings, 'single son or daughter' (2.78) was highest and their safety consciousness was also highest in all six areas of school safety, play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety, home safety and first-aid treatment, and there were statistical differences in the areas of school safety, fire safety and home safety, There were statistically remarkable differences in degree of adaptation to school life (F=15.349, p=.000) and perceived schooling level(F=9.552, p=.000). According to the degree of safety consciousness related to characteristics of safety education, there were statistical differences at the degree of recognizing the need of safety education(F=9.797, p=.000), degree of safety education at school(F=2.595, p=.006), degree of safety education by parents(F=12.709, p=.000), degree of practicing safety by parents(F=17.579, p=.000), source of knowledge of safety education (F=2,715, p=.044), necessity of safety education textbooks(F=3.972, p=.008), need of safety teacher(F=4.137, p=.006) and qualification standard of safety teacher(F=3.016, p=.029).

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제3권
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• pp.99-116
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• 1997

In response of the increasing demand for professional degree in nursing, some university in Korea offers RN-BSN program for R. N. from diploma in nursing. However, RN-BSN program in Korea is in formative period. Therefore, the purpose of this survey study is for the comparative analysis of RN-BSN curriculum in Korea and U.S.A. In this study, subjects consisted of 18 department of nursing in university and 5 RN-BSN programs in Korea and 18 department of nursing in university and 12 RN-BSN programs in U.S.A. For earn the degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing, the student earns 134 of mean credits in U.S.A., whereas 150.3 of mean credits in Korea. The mean credit for clinical pratice is 30.1 in U.S.A., whereas 23.9 in Korea. Students are assigned to individually planned clinical experiences under the direction of a preceptor in U.S.A. In RN-BSN program, total mean credits through lecture and clinical practice for earn the degree of BSN is 35.5(lecture : 27.7, practice ; 7.8)in U.S.A., whereas,48.1 (lecture;42.1, practice;6.0) in Korea. RN-BSN program can be taken on a full-or-part time basis in U.S.A., whereas didn't in Korea. Especially, emphasis is place on the advanced nursing practicum that focus on the role of the professional nurse in providing health care to individuals, families, and groups in community setting in U.S.A. 27.7 of mean credits was earned through lecture in U.S.A., whereas 42.1 of mean credits in Korea. It means that RN-BSN program in Korea is the lesser development in teaching method and appraisal method than in U.S.A. Students of RN-BSN program in U.S.A. can earns credit through CLEP, NLN achievement test, portfolio review session etc as well as lecture. Therefore, the authors suggests some recommendations for the development of curriculum of RN-BSN program in Korea based on comparative analysis of RN-BSN curricula in U.S.A. and Korea. 1. The curriculum of RN-BSN Program in nursing was required to do some alterations. Nursing care, today, is complex and ever changing. According to change of public need, RN-BSN curriculum intensified primary care program in community setting, geriatric nursing, marketing skill, computer language. 2. The various and new methods of earning credit should be developed. That is, the students will earn credits through the transfer of previous nursing college credits, accredited examination of university, advanced placement examination, portfolio review session, case study, report, self-directed learning and so on. Flexible teaching place should ile offered. 3. Flexible teaching place should be offered. The RN-BSN curriculum should accommodate each RN student's geographical needs and school/work schedule. Therefore, the university should search a variety of teaching places and the RN students can obtain their degrees comfortably throughout the teaching place such as lecture room inside the health care agency and establishment of the branch school in each student's residence area. 4. The RN-BSN program should offer a long distance education to place-bound RN student in many parts of Korea. That is, from the main office of university, the RN-BSN courses are delivered to many areas by Internet, EdNet (satellite telecommunication) and other non-traditional methods. 5. For allowing RN student to take nursing courses, program length should be various, depending upon the student's study/work schedule. That is, the various term systems such as semester, three terms, quarter systems and the student's status like full time or part time should be considered. Therefore, the student can take advantage of the many other educational and professional opportunities, making them available during the school year.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.109-120
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• 2017

한의사 의료영상장비 사용에 대하여 방사선사의 인식도를 알아보고자 대한방사선사협회 영상의학기술학회의 회원을 대상으로 자체적으로 개발한 설문지를 통하여 설문조사를 하였으며 총 응답 515명, 부적격 응답 34명을 제외한 481명의 설문을 바탕으로 연구하였으며 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 거주지, 근무기관, 학력에 따른 인식도 차이에서 통계적 유의성을 보이지 않았으나 고학력일수록 포괄적인 의료영상장비의 사용에는 동의하는 경향이 있었다. 그러나 특수의료영상장비의 사용에는 반대하는 경향이 보였다. 성별에 따른 인식도 차이에서는 남성보다 여성에서 한의사 의료영상장비 사용에 대하여 부정적 인식이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 특히 MRI나 CT, 초음파와 같은 특수의료영상장비를 이용하는 것에 대하여 남성보다 부정적인 경향이 나타났으며 이는 통계적으로 유의하였다. 연령에 따른 인식도 차이에서는 한의사의 의료영상장비 사용에 대하여 20~30대는 부정적, 40~50대는 중립적, 60대에서 긍정적으로 나타났으며 모든 문항에서 통계적으로 유의하였다. 근무경력에 따른 인식도 차이에서는 한의사의 의료기기 사용에 근무경력이 오래될수록 긍정적으로 나타났다. 특히 30년 이상의 근무경력에서 가장 긍정적 경향이 나타났으며 이는 통계적으로 유의하였다. 이번 연구를 통해 방사선사의 한의사 의료영상장비 사용의 인식을 알 수 있었으며, 이러한 연구 결과들은 앞으로의 국민 건강증진을 위한 방향성 제시에 기여할 것으로 생각된다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2007

본 연구는 노인의 의치보철 실태를 파악하여 의치보철 시술 장소에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하기 위해 2006년 3월 2일부터 4월 15일까지 서울시에 거주하는 65세 이상 노인 219명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, SPSS 12.0의 프로그램을 이용하여 통계 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 의치보철 시술 장소에 따른 의치보철 상태 및 구강 내 증상으로 의치보철 치료비, 의치보철 사용기간, 정기적 검진, 하루사용정도, 통증정도, 새로운 의치보철 필요 여부와 이유, 의치보철 급여여부로 분류되어 조사되었다. 의치보철 급여여부를 제외한 나머지 문항에서 무면허 업소와 치과병 의원사이에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다(p < 0.05). 2. 의치보철 시술 장소에 따른 만족도의 차이에서는 심미성 만족의 경우에는 치과병 의원보다 무면허업소가 높게 나타났으며 발음기능, 저작기능, 통증, 이물감, 유지력에 대한 만족도의 차이에서는 무면허 업소에 비해 치과병 의원이 높게 나타났다(p < 0.05). 3. 무면허 진료와 치과진료에 대한 지각요인에 대한 요인분석 결과 4개의 요인으로 분류되어 신뢰성, 현대성, 편의성, 구전의도로 나타났다. 무면허 업소는 신뢰성에 대한 요인 선택에 가장 높은 수준이었고 편의성, 구전의도, 현대성 순이었다. 치과병 의원에 경우도 신뢰성에 대한 요인이 가장 높았지만 다음으로 편의성, 현대성, 구전의도 순으로 나타났다. 또한 지각상태에 대한 무면허 업소와 치과병 의원의 차이를 보면 신뢰성요인은 무면허 업소가 더 높은 수준을 나타냈고 현대성과 편의성 요인에서는 치과병 의원이 높게 나타났으며 유의한 차이를 보였다. 구전의도 요인에서는 치과병 의원이 높은 수준을 나타냈다(p < 0.05). 4. 의치보철 시술 장소에 영향을 미치는 요인을 분석하기 위해 의치보철 시술 장소를 종속변수로 성별, 연령, 학력, 주거형태, 지역구, 거주지 평수, 생활비, 용돈의료비, 본인명의 재산, 의치보철 지불비용은 독립변수로 하여 로지스틱 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 주거형태에서는 자녀와 동거일경우 강남에 거주할수록, 거주지 평수가 넓을수록, 용돈의료비와 본인 명의 재산이 많을수록 무면허업소에 비해 치과병 의원을 이용할 가능성이 높게 나타났다(p < 0.05).

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.175-184
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• 2000

This study which applies to the 403 healthy people who don't have particular diseases recently(193 urban aged. 210 rural aged) among male and female aged over 60 years old living in Daegu(city) and Gyungbook(agricultural village) is fulfilled from November 1st to December 31st by interview using the questioned paper which researcher developed, and reached to these tallowing conclusions. 1. Every aged men independent of the place residence answered positively yes but aged women had weak assurance of their health. Especially $38.6\%$ of rural aged women said yes and $51.4\%$ of rural aged women said no. 2. In the sleep and well-regulated life, urban and rural aged generally marked on the sound sleep. Compared with male and female, men answered they had better sleep and regulated life than women. 3. The percentage of the urban and rural aged's judgement on their activity was high and the percentage of the rural aged was lower than the percentage of the urban aged. 4. While $62.6\%$ of urban aged answered they were active. $38.6\%$ of rural female aged answered yes, This shows that the rural female aged regard their health is not good. 5. Compared with same generation. urban aged ranked lower than urban aged in the confidence of physical strength. Especially rural need women answered $42.1\%$ of them were weaker than the same generation. This shows that rural aged women don't have confidence in general physical activities. 6. Taking exercises three times a week which can influence on health cue to sixties and seventies aged ranked $26.1\%$, rarely do is $18.8\%$ and never do is$28.8\%$. Urban and rural aged do not exercise on the purpose of health. 7. The reason of exercise was to advance the physical strength and quality of motion$(34.9\%)$ to get rid of stress$(13.4\%)$ and to prevention of adult illness$(27.8\%)$, prevention of fatness$(15.3\%)$. Aged have a correct understanding that exercise can promote health and protect from the diseases of adult people because the items about the diseases of adult people was marked high. 8. Among the subject of total investigation, 209 persons answered. It showed necessary to recognize that the exercise is still important essential part between adult illness and health care. 9. The $67.7\%$ of urban aged men answered yes in the question of undergoing a physical examination but the rate of not undergoing a physical examination was high in rural aged and urban aged women. According to this, there were the difference of consciousness about health between urban and rural aged. and men and women. 10. Among the people who haying undergone the physical examination, $80.3\%$ of the aged went back to the hospital again because of the result. 11. In the case of stroke, most aged answered the would be placed under medical care. but $53.9\%$ of rural aged women answered they would rely on Chinese medicine. According to this. aged preferred Chinese medicine in some particular diseases. 2. The $58.1\%$ of whole object of this study answered that stroke would be recovered.

• 가정∙방문간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2004

The home health care industry has grown rapidly and can be expected to continue to grow in the foreseeable future. Home health care refers to the practice of nursing applied to clients with a health condition in the clients place of residence. clients and their designated care givers are the focus at home health nursing practice. The goal of care is to initiate. manage and evaluate the resources needed to promote the clients optimal level of well-being and function. Nursing activities necessary to achieve this goal may warrant preventive maintenance and restorative emphases to prevent potential problems from developing. Many project program were suggested home health care model for Korea's health care system and policy direction for expansion and establishment of home health care .But the aim of this paper is to provide on overview for theoretical frame work in home health care. Theories and conceptual frameworks or models are important nursing because they define and guide the boundaries of professional practice and identify key nurse-patient-caregiver relationships that emerge with caring. Following is the research with an investigation of the literature review in the University of Arizona international medline database, In conclusion, are as followers: First, many nursing theorists have had a tremendous impact on nursing practice. the following highlights those nursing theorists that are particularly helpful in understanding home health care. 1. Florence Nightingale : Our earliest theoretical legacy. Nightingale's believes are reflected in basic infection control practice such as hand washing and infectious waste disposal and are key nursing interventions in home care. 2. Martha Roger's :Science of unitary human beings theory. Rorger's believed that the focus of shared. non invasive healing modelities is the human environmental field rather than direct physical care. These modelities continue to evolve as our awareness (reflecting greater diversity, faster rhythms, motions, and ways of knowing) transcends time and space, allowing individuals to get in touch with their integral nature of unbroken wholeness. On people as ever changing energy fields have special relevance in home care especially with hospice and palliative care applications. 3. Madeline Leininger's; Transcultural nursing theory. Home care nurses move through a variety of communities and often care for patients from different cultural back grounds. Therefore Leininger's work has a good that with home care because home care nursing practice is very culturally focused. 4. Dorothea Orem's : Self care deficit theory. Orem's theory views care as something to be performed by both nurses and patients. The role of the nurse is to provide education and support that help patients acquire the necessary activities to perform self-care. Orem's theory is foundational to have care because it begins to truly acknowledge the role of the patient in managing his or her own health. which is referred to as self-care. 5. Margaret Neuman's; Health as expending consciousness theory. Neuman believes that health compasses disease and reflects an underlying pattern of person-environment interaction. A key application of 'Neuman's work to home care is for nurses to understand that health and illness do not necessarily exist at opposite ends of a continuum. 6. Jean Watson's: Theory of human caring. Watson's theory of human caring in nursing proposes human caring as the moral ideal of nursing. Nurses participate human caring to protect, enhance and preserve humanity by assisting individuals to fing meaning in illness. pain and existence and to help others gain self knowledge. self control. and self healing such thinking lends richness to theory development. as well as clinical practice in home care. Second, Robin Rice : Dynamic self determination for self care. (A theoretical framework for home care) Dynamical self determination for self care can be useful to home care nurses in a variety of ways. As research tool it can be reflected in the interview process when the home visit. The home care nurse's role is that of facilitator of patient self-determination for self care through numerous strategies. including patient education and case management.

• 한국노년학
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.1429-1444
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 노인의 감정조절 어려움이 삶의 질에 어떤 영향을 미치고 있는지를 살펴보고 감정조절 어려움을 예방 또는 해결할 수 있는 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 조사는 65세 이상의 노인대학과 경로당을 이용하고 있는 노인 345명을 대상으로 방문 조사하였다. 감정조절 어려움에 대한 측정도구는 Gratz와 Roemer(2004)가 개발한 것을 본 연구에 적합하게 재구성하여 요인분석을 한 결과, 감정조절 어려움은 5가지 요인으로 재분류하여 내적 감정반응 처리곤란, 표출된 감정의 통제곤란, 명확한 감정인식의 곤란, 감정대처의 어려움, 감정수용의 어려움으로 명명하였다. 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성별과 수입유무, 경제적 상태, 과거 3개월 이내 입원력과 질환유무 등에서 개인특성에 따라 감정조절의 어려움에 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 노인의 삶의 질은 성별, 연령, 배우자유무, 거주형태, 교육정도, 수입유무, 경제적 상태, 과거 입원력, 질환유무 등에서 집단 간 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 노인의 감정조절의 어려움이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향을 삶의 질 전체로 분석한 결과, 개인특성에서는 남성노인이, 수입이 있으면서, 질환이 적은 경우에 삶의 질은 높게 나타났다. 그리고 감정반응에 대해 처리가 곤란하거나 감정통제가 잘 안되고, 감정처리능력이 부족할 때 노인의 삶의 질이 낮은 것으로 파악되었다. 따라서 감정조절의 어려움과 노인의 삶의 질과의 관련성은 높다고 할 수 있으며, 이러한 연구 결과를 기초로 개인특성에 따른 감정조절 어려움을 극복할 수 있는 접근방법과 노인의 감정조절 어려움을 다차원적으로 분류하여 경감 및 보완하기 위한 구체적인 방안을 제안하였다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.533-544
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• 2023

농림축산식품부는 농촌 중심지의 기능(문화·복지·경제·교육 등)을 강화하고, 중심지의 서비스가 배후마을로 전달되어 연계시키는 정책을 추진해왔다. 이러한 정책목적을 위해 일반농산어촌개발사업 내 농촌중심지활성화사업, 기초생활거점조성사업을 추진중에 있지만 실제 사업을 추진하는 과정에서 농촌 중심지의 기능 강화에 초점이 맞춰져 배후마을과의 서비스 전달 및 연계 등은 활성화되고 있지 않은 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 무주군 적상면에서 기 수행했던 사업과 지역현황을 분석하여 배후마을 서비스가 연계 및 활성화되지 못한 이유를 분석하여 앞으로 수행하게될 기초생활거점조성 2단계사업의 추진방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 배후마을 서비스가 활성화되지 못한 원인을 분석한 결과, 농촌의 분산거주 및 지형구조의 한계성으로 나타나는 서비스 접근의 불리함과 배후지역의 수요 발굴을 위한 서비스 전달 체계의 미확보 등이 문제점으로 나타났으며 그에 따른 개선방안을 다음과 같이 도출하였다. 첫 번째로, 지형적 한계를 극복하고자 제안한 디딤거점 조성계획이다. 서비스 중간 터미널 기능을 담당할 디딤거점을 설정하여 효율적인 서비스전달이 이루어지도록 한다. 두 번째로, 합리적 의사결정구조를 위해 중심지 및 배후마을 주민 그리고 다양한 계층이 포함된 주민위원회의 효율적 구성과 함께 다양한 소규모 커뮤니티를 운영하여 지역의 견을 촘촘하게 수렴할 수 있는 소통창구 배치계획을 제안하였다. 세 번째로, 지역주민을 전문강사로 양성하는 선순환 지역인력 양성계획이다. 서비스 전달에서 가장 중요한 서비스 전달자, 즉 활동가를 양성하여 지속 가능한 주민 주도 서비스 공급체계를 완성하고자 한다.