• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2000

This research investigated the effect of socio-economic variables and economic distress variables on the university students' coping behavior in meal management. The data used in this research included 544 university students in Ulsan Areas. The independent explanatory power of socio-economic variables was larger than economic distress variables. But the explanatory power was increased in the regression analysis model that was included both the socio-economic variables and the economic distress variables. The influencing variables that effected the level of coping behavior in meal management were the amount of discretionary expenditure, gender, status of housing, employment distress and income distress.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.783-792
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was conducted to meta-analyze the effects of hardiness on health-related variables. Method: After review of 19 studies performed by Korean nurses, research variables, statistical data(r or F), and other methodological data were extracted and coded. Research variables were categorized under 5 groups such as health-related behavior, well-being, adaptation, stress, and support according to conceptual similarity. Using SAS program, 20 research variables and 34 effect sizes were calculated after eliminating heterogeneous data by Q-test, Results: Effects of hardiness on whole research variables was .512 and ranged from .322 to .643 by categories. The greatest effect was obtained from well-being category, whereas the smallest effect from stress category. All effect sizes were statistically significant. But fail-safe numbers were small and failed to achieve reasonable tolerance level. Conclusion: Results of meta-analysis indicated that hardiness has a moderate effect on health-related variables. But for improving the reliability of the results by minimizing publication bias, the more hardiness studies should be done.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.275-284
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• 2006

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze tile trends in physiological variables in CAT research in nursing in Korea. Method: Of studies published in Korea between January, 2000 and December, 2005, 227 studies were analyzed according to the criteria of type, theme, and patterns in physiological variables related to CAT. Results: There were 72 articles on CAT research in which physiological variables were examined. The most frequently researched type of CAT was massage and in particular, foot massage. The most frequently used physiological variables in CAT research were blood pressure, pulse, and body temperature. Patients with high blood pressure were the most frequent subjects for CAT research. As to the effect of physiological variable by CAT type, foot massage showed a decline in blood pressure in all six research studies involving patients with high blood pressure. Conclusion: There is a need to describe accurately the mechanism by which CAT affects physiological variables. There is also a need for repetitive analysis to verify the effect, and meta-analysis for the effect on physiological variables according to type of CAT.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.367-381
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• 2024

The sharing economy (SE) describes an economic system in which consumers share a product or service via collaborative consumption. Reasonably, the SE receives much attention in the fashion industry as a sustainable form of consumption. However, a systematic review of the antecedents and outcomes of consumer participation in SE is limited by researchers' and practitioners' hindered understanding of what consumers expect and gain from the SE. This study offers a systematic review of the SE research conducted from January 2016 to July 2021 and proposes a conceptual model. In terms of antecedents, three factors, composed of nine categories and 153 variables, were identified: 1) consumer factors (80 variables), 2) platform/product factors (69 variables), and 3) environmental factors (4 variables). The outcomes included 14 variables divided into two categories: 1) positive outcomes (8 variables) and 2) negative outcomes (6 variables). The results provide recommendations for future research on applying the SE to the fashion sector. First, to more thoroughly investigating antecedents of consumer participation in fashion sharing, the research must focus on barriers and environmental factors, in addition to demographic and psychological variables. Secondly, research on the outcomes of participating in fashion sharing, including economic and social benefits, is needed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.27-30
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• 1996

Determination of input variables for artificial neural network (ANN) depends entirely on the judgement of a modeller. As the number of input variables increases, the training time for the resulting ANN increases exponentially. Moreover, larger number of input variables does not guarantee better performance. In this research, we employ Genetic Algorithm for selecting proper input variables that yield the best performance in training the resulting ANN.

• Journal of Information Technology Application
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2001

This purpose of this study is to drive important criteria for improving customer relationship of R institute using data mining techniques. The focus of this research is to consider patterns and interactions of research variables from research management database of R institute, and to classify the outside organizations and the inside organizations for research contract organizations, and to decide the directions of customer relationship management through analyzing the research type and research cost of research topics. In order to drive criteria variables through pattern analysis of the research database, decision tree algorithm is employed. The results show that determinant variables of 17 input variables are research period, overhead cost, R ＆ D cost as variables to classify the outside and inside contract organization.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.541-544
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• 2006

From its foundation until 2004, ETRI has registered over 1,000 US patents. This letter analyzes the characteristics of these patents and addresses the explanatory factors affecting their citation counts. For explanatory variables, research team related variables, invention specific variables, and geographical domain related variables are suggested. Zero-altered count data models are used to test the impact of independent variables. A key finding is that technological cumulativeness, the scale of invention, outputs in the electronic field, and the degree of dependence on the US technology domain positively affect the citation counts of ETRI-invented US patents. The magnitude of international presence appears to negatively affect the citation counts of ETRI-invented US patents.

• Journal of Educational Research in Mathematics
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.85-102
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• 2000

The concept of variables is central to mathematics teaching and learning in junior and senior high school. Understanding the concept provides the basis for the transition from arithmetic to algebra and necessary for the meaningful use of all advanced mathematics. Despite the importance of the concept, however, much has been written in the last decade concerning students' difficulties with the concept. This Thesis is based on research to investigate the hypothesis that LOGO programming will contribute to 6th grader' learning of variables. The aim of the research were to; .investigate practice on pupils' understanding of variables before the activity with a computer; .identify functions of LOGO programming in pupils' using and understanding of variable symbols, variable domain and the relationship between two variable dependent expressions during the activity using a computer; .investigate the influence of pupils' mathematical belief on understanding and using variables. The research consisted predominantly of a case study of 6 pupils' discourse and activities concerning variable during their abnormal lessons and interviews with researcher. The data collected for this study included video recordings of the pupils'work with their spoken language.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.268-281
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• 2023

Coral reef fisheries are prominent for the archipelagic countries' food sufficiency and security. Studies showed that fish abundance and biomass are affected by biophysical variables. The present study determines which biophysical variables are important predictors of fish diversity, abundance, and biomass. The study used available monitoring data from the Indonesian Research Center for Oceanography, the National Board for Research and Innovation. Data were collected from 245 transects in 19 locations distributed across the Indonesian Archipelago, including the eastern Indian Ocean, Sunda Shelf (Karimata Sea), Wallacea (Flores and Banda Seas), and the western Pacific Ocean. Principal component analysis and multiple regression model were administered to 13 biophysical metrics against 11 variables of coral reef fishes, i.e., diversity, abundance, and biomass of coral reef fishes at three trophic levels. The results showed for the first time that the covers of other fauna, coral rubbles, and soft corals were the three most important predictor variables for nearly all coral reef fish variables. Other fauna cover was the important predictor for all 11 coral reef fish variables. Coral rubble cover was the predictor for ten variables, but carnivore fish abundance. Soft coral cover was a good predictor for corallivore, carnivore, and targeted fishes. Despite important predictors for corallivore and carnivore fish variables, hard coral cover was not the critical predictor for herbivore fish variables. The other important predictor variables with a consistent pattern were dead coral covered with algae and rocks. Dead coral covered with algae was an important predictor for herbivore fishes, while the rock was good for only carnivore fishes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 1995.04a
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• pp.221-231
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• 1995

This paper proposes that a GDSS research boundary needs to be further expanded to include more human-nature variables arising in natural group interaction processes. By doing so, we can better understand the GDSS phenomena and have a better picture for designing effective GDSS for group decisions. Specifically, this paper reviewed literature and explored variables to be further included in GDSS research arena. As results, this paper proposed an extended framework for GDSS research that includes variables that have been little considered in most empirical studies to date. Then, the variables and their relationships are used to explain the handicaps of current GDSS uses and to redirect the ways of utilizing GDSS technologies for group decision-making. Based on the framework, we suggested proposititions for the future research.