• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.1029-1037
• /
• 2013

This paper introduces a novel and fast synthesizing method for 3D motions of quadrupedal animals that uses only a small set of motion capture data. Unlike human motions, animal motions are relatively difficult to capture. Also, it is a challenge to synthesize continuously changing animal motions in real time because animals have various gait types according to their speed. The algorithm proposed herein, however, is able to synthesize continuously varying motions with proper limb configuration by using only one single cyclic animal motion per gait type based on the biologically driven Froude number. During the synthesis process, each gait type is automatically determined by its speed parameter, and the transition motions, which have not been entered as input, are synthesized accordingly by the optimized asynchronous motion blending technique. At the start time, given the user's control input, the motion path and spinal joints for turning are adjusted first and then the motion is stitched at any speed with proper transition motions to synthesize a long stream of motions.

• Design Convergence Study
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.131-145
• /
• 2014

Considering the number of population commuting from Gyeonggi to Seoul, the development of the bus system is relatively slow. There are many problems to be solved but it has been overlooked, leaving the users in discomfort. The goal of this research is to improve the current system to satisfy the unmet needs, using HCI methods, which is composed of five steps, including Define, Find, Analyze & Synthesize, Ideation, Develop. In Define, we recruited the interviewees using the extreme user method to find their needs. In Find, we proceeded 'be the customer', shadowing for background research and in-depth interview. In Analyze & Synthesis, we analyzed the customer needs and clustered to similar needs to draw useful ideas. After that we suggested sophisticated ideas based on design principles from previous stage and visualized in user scenarios and mock-ups. Overall, the research suggests with text message service, informative light service and mobile application to improve the existing bus station.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.653-658
• /
• 1999

A novel marine microorganism, Vibrio sp. YE-101, was isolated from pufferfish and investigated for its ability to synthesize tetrodotoxin (TTX). Various strains isolated from the intestine of pufferfish were grown on TCBS agar plate, and then cultured on Ocean Research Institute (ORI) medium supplemented with 3% NaCl at 23$^{\circ}C$ for 3days. The cells were harvested, disrupted, fractionated by Bio-Gel P-2 column chromatography and then TTX-producing strain, Vibrio sp. YE-101, was identified using mouse bioassay. The isolated TTX from Vibrio sp. YE-101 was also analyzed and identified by HPLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The mass fragmentation of trimethylsilyl derivatives of C9-base of TTX from Vibrio sp. YE-101 was interpreted and the pattern of fragmentation was same with that of authentic standard. The purfied TTX was also positive to the mouse bioassay, which clearly represents that Vibrio sp. YE-101 can synthesize TTX.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.24 no.12
• /
• pp.700-703
• /
• 2014

Calcium phosphate minerals are biologically important because of their application in the fields of orthopaedics and dentistry. Herein we have tried to synthesize calcium phosphate minerals from biowaste clam shells. A simple microwave method was used to synthesize a mixture of calcium phosphate minerals such as hydroxyapatite, tri-calcium phosphate, and monetite. The microwave induces vibration of the dipole ions in the reagent. The heating and rearrangement of ions and atoms occurs during the process. The phases obtained in the final powder were ascertained by X-ray diffraction; the morphology of each sample was checked using a scanning electron microscope. We were able to obtain a mixture of calcium phosphate minerals using the microwave method; the calcined powder showed a brick like morphology, which is different from the rod shape morphology of the hydroxyapatite obtained using the hydrothermal process.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.23 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2013

A simple thermal oxidation of Cu thin films deposited on planar substrates established a growth of vertically aligned copper oxide (CuO) nanorods. DC sputter-deposited Cu thin films with various thicknesses were oxidized in environments of various oxygen partial pressures to control the kinetics of oxidation. This is a method to synthesize vertically aligned CuO nanorods in a relatively shorter time and at a lower cost than those of other methods such as the popular hydrothermal synthesis. Also, this is a method that does not require a catalyst to synthesize CuO nanorods. The grown CuO nanorods had diameters of ~100 nm and lengths of $1{\sim}25{\mu}m$. We examined the morphology of the synthesized CuO nanorods as a function of the thickness of the Cu films, the gas environment, the oxidation time, the oxidation temperature, the oxygen gas flow rate, etc. The parameters all influence the kinetics of the oxidation, and consequently, the volume expansion in the films. Patterned growth was also carried out to confirm the hypothesis of the CuO nanorod protrusion and growth mechanism. It was found that the compressive stress built up in the Cu film while oxygen molecules incorporated into the film drove CuO nanorods out of the film.

• Macromolecular Research
• /
• v.17 no.6
• /
• pp.424-429
• /
• 2009

In this study, we demonstrate that the biological unnatural amino acid incorporation method can be utilized in vivo to synthesize an alkyne-terminated telechelic protein, Synthesis of terminally-functionalized polymers such as telechelic polymers is recognized to be important, since they can be employed usefully in many areas of biology and material science, such as drug delivery, colloidal dispersion, surface modification, and formation of polymer network. The introduction of alkyne groups into polymeric material is particularly interesting since the alkyne group can be a linker to combine other materials using click chemistry. To synthesize the telechelic recombinant protein, we attempted to incorporate the L-homopropargylglycine into the recombinant GroES fragment by expressing the recombinant gene encoding Met at the codons for both N- and C-terminals of the protein in the Met auxotrophic E. coli via Hpg supplementation. The Hpg incorporation rate was investigated and the incorporation was confirmed by MALDI-TOF analysis of the telcchelic recombinant protein.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• v.8 no.2
• /
• pp.70-73
• /
• 2001

The chlorin-bromine building block was constructed and applied to synthesize $\delta$-bromo compounds of methyl pyropheophorbide-a. The visible spectra of the title compounds were discussed.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.10a
• /
• pp.1466-1468
• /
• 2009

The preparation method of copper nanopowder by dry process for conductive ink was investigated. Inert gas condensation method was used to synthesize copper nanopowder. The produced powders was spherical and sized 10~100nm flowing the conditions. The results showed that input voltage and evaporation rate is critical variables for nano-sized copper powder.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.129-142
• /
• 2001

Meta-analysis methods are becoming a central part of research integration in behavioral and medical science studies. The main goal of the meta-analysis is combining the quantitative findings from several studies which address the same research problem and is sharing conclusions in a published report. The purpose of this research is to develop meta-analysis approach to evaluate effectiveness of instructional program design to improve school-age children's knowledge and understanding of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). To achieve this purpose, meta-analysis is applied to analyze and synthesize findings for AIDS instructional programs from several prior studies.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2003.10b
• /
• pp.175.1-175.1
• /
• 2003

Galactosyl ceramides paly important roles in biological system as immunomodulator and essential constituents of membranes and cell walls. An efficient synthesis of $\alpha$-galactosyl ceramide, KRN 7000, derived from marine sponge Agelas mauritianus as accomplished via a short reaction involving the coupling ceramide moiety and trichloroacetimidate as glycosylation donor. We could synthesize $\alpha$-galactosyl ceramide stereoselectivity without $\beta$-anomer formation on a multigram scale.