• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.77-93
• /
• 2020

The literature has reported that hierarchical classification methods generally outperform the flat classification methods for a multi-class document classification problem. Unlike the literature that has constructed a class hierarchy, this paper evaluates the performance of hierarchical and flat classification methods under a situation where the class hierarchy is predefined. We conducted numerical evaluations for two data sets; research papers on climate change adaptation technologies in water sector and 20NewsGroup open data set. The evaluation results show that the hierarchical classification method outperforms the flat classification methods under a certain condition, which differs from the literature. The performance of hierarchical classification method over flat classification method depends on class similarities at levels in the class structure. More importantly, the hierarchical classification method works better when the upper level similarity is less that the lower level similarity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.50 no.2
• /
• pp.101-118
• /
• 2016

For the effective classification of complex subjects, a library classification scheme should adopt multiple division principles (or facets). Each of the multiple principles adopted for the division of complex subjects is sequentially applied at each stage of division. The order of application of these multiple principles during the process of division of complex subjects is called citation order. In order for a classification scheme to be consistent and logical, the citation order of division principles applied to classify complex subjects should be concrete and consistent. Especially, in case of enumerative classification system, decisions on citation order to represent complex subjects significantly affect the structure and organization of the classification system. There are basic principles and theoretical canons of the classification theory on the citation order and its application, but they cannot be applied solidly in the process of classification system development for practical reasons. Therefore, this paper first reviews previous works on classification theories regarding citation order, then explores the conditions and circumstances for the application of citation order.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
• /
• v.54 no.3
• /
• pp.69-92
• /
• 2023

The 'Japanese Useful Fisheries Classification Table', published in advance before the publication of the "Useful Fisheries of Japan", is the first data to classify and introduce fisheries animals and plants in a single table. Therefore, it had received public attention immediately. However, The academy of animal studies at that time quickly pointed out that this classification table was a mixture of traditional and modern classifications, and that there were too many errors. However, Yoshio Tanaka, who was in charge of revising Yamamoto Arikatana, that wrote the classification table, was not an adherent of traditional taxonomy, nor was he ignorant of modern taxonomy. Nevertheless, the classification table, which was quite different from the well-known zoological classification at that time, was prepared. For example, the top classifications of marine organism are not at the same level, but rather a mixture of phylum and class, while the water insect contains several phylums, including Arthropoda, Echinodermata, Mollusca, and Coelenterata. As such, the method of classification of animals in the classification table was hard to understand in the zoological academy at that time. The reason for this unusual taxonomy was that the classification table showed classification of useful fisheries products, not intended to convey academic classification. In other words, it is not for the purpose of academic classification of all fishery products, but for the purpose of presenting standards that can be easily understood by those engaged in the collection, manufacture, and aquaculture of fishery products. This principle of 'Useful Fisheries of Japan' is also ascertained in the "Fishing Methods of Japan" and "Fishery Products of Japan". Regarding the collection and processing of marine products, it could have shown how to catch whales, which are mammals, and how to dismantle whales and obtain oil and meat, according to academic classifications. However, the first appearances in the book include dried squid, abalone, shark fins, and sea cucumbers. In other words, the most important fishery products at that time are presented first. The contents of the classification table, which is considered somewhat bizarre, show where the purpose to compile Useful Fisheries of Japan.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.80-91
• /
• 2003

In this research, re-using band ratio data was proposed and examined as a method of raising the accuracy in landcover classification which is using satellite data.In order to determine the band which is used to calculation in the classified item, the six bands except the band 6 were combined with the band in which combination is possible and the landcover classification by MLC of supervised classification was carried out. In the result of landcover classification which is combined with forty nine combination, Two bands which were mostly used by band combination in the accuracy belonged inside the 10th place of a higher rank were selected and also calculated. landcover classification were performed again after the calculation result had been recombinated from the research. In addition, the new landcover classification result was compared and examined with the landcover classification using the old data. From the result of which was compared and examined the new landcover classification data recombinated calculation result with landcover classification using the original data, The classification accuracy of the new landcover classification data recombinated calculation result became low in ground but became improved in the all class. Specially The accuracy to urban area is very improved. therefore, it determined that reusing band ratio data is very useful when we need to analyze landcover classification and land information to urban area after that.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.55-73
• /
• 2022

This study investigated the cases of the domestic classification system and compared and analyzed them with the academic standard classification system to derive future improvement directions. The direction of future improvement of the academic standard classification system presented based on this is as follows. First, it seems necessary to clearly guarantee the operation of the classification system as a law for the continuous development of the academic standard classification system. Second, it is necessary to improve it to a comprehensive classification principle that satisfies both current issues and global universality so that domestic and foreign data can be collected and compared smoothly by producing a wide-ranging classification system. Third, it is necessary to select a clear revision cycle of the academic standard classification system, and it seems appropriate to proceed with the revision every five years in order to reflect the academic field across a vast field. Currently, research on such a domestic classification system is insufficient, and such investigations are continuously conducted in the future, requiring continuous interest and research on the domestic classification system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.672-684
• /
• 2016

UIC Codes 714R & 715R recommend the use of line classifications and their usage in maintenance work by employing notional traffic loads. However, the classification has not been applied to local lines and, therefore, a new line classification system based on UIC 714R has been proposed in this study. For this, various classification models of UIC, Germany, and UK have been studied first and equivalent traffic loads based on Korail's report, as well as on train timetables, have been derived. The results of the classifications have been compared with those of major European countries and it has been shown that the proposed classification is equivalent to the average value in the European cases. The line classification can be fully utilized during the decision making process of maintenance work and will also be used to model the Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.11-19
• /
• 1993

It is very essential to get the accurate classification of defects in primary pressure vessel weld for the safety of nuclear power plant. The signal analysis using the digital signal processing and pattern recognition is performed to classify UT defects extracting feature vector from ultrasonic signals. The minimum distance classifier and the maximum likelihood classifier based on statistics were applied in this experiment to discriminate ultrasonics data obtained form both the training specimens (slit, hole) and the testing specimens(crack, slag). The classification rate was measured using pattern classifier. Results of this study show the promise in solving the many flaw classification problems that exist today.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
• /
• v.44 no.2
• /
• pp.399-422
• /
• 2013

This study suggests some ideas for improvement of mixing classification and illogical subdivisions arrangement of Statistics in Social Science and Mathematical Statistics in Natural Science on KDC. We investigate the characteristics, educational system, and curriculum of Statistics in Korea. Besides, we compare and analyze classification systems such as KDC, DDC, LCC, NDC and Research Fields Code by National Research Foundation of Korea. As a result, Statistics in Social Science is relocated and integrated with the subfield of Natural Science according to the academic background. Existing social statistics topics are subdivided into statistical research methods complementing social science research methods. The heading 'Probabilities, Statistical mathematics' in Natural Science is changed to 'Statistics', and the subdivisions are expanded and revised.

• Youth Facilities and Environment
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.131-141
• /
• 2019

The purpose of this study is to derive and type utilization indexes by comparing public design indicators with preceding studies related to closed school facilities, and to derive preliminary classification systems through a correlation review between indicators. Pre-research was conducted in the scope of academic papers, academic journals, research reports, and special act for promoting the utilization of closed school assets. Public design indicators were set in the scope of domestic design guidelines, the Seoul city public design assessment system, the 'Good Building' designation system, and the UK Design Quality Index (DQI). and the design review of the British architects. First of all, the research method looked at laws, procedures and utilization of closed schools, and reviewed the preceding study and domestic and international public design indicators sequentially. Next, the association was reviewed through a comparison between the preceding study and the public design indicators, and a preliminary classification system for the use of closed schools was derived from this.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
• /
• v.19 no.5
• /
• pp.673-687
• /
• 2023

Convolutional neural network-based deep learning technology is the most commonly used in image identification, but it requires large-scale data for training. Therefore, application in specific fields in which data acquisition is limited, such as in the military, may be challenging. In particular, the identification of ground weapon systems is a very important mission, and high identification accuracy is required. Accordingly, various studies have been conducted to achieve high performance using small-scale data. Among them, the ensemble method, which achieves excellent performance through the prediction average of the pre-trained models, is the most representative method; however, it requires considerable time and effort to find the optimal combination of ensemble models. In addition, there is a performance limitation in the prediction results obtained by using an ensemble method. Furthermore, it is difficult to obtain the ensemble effect using models with imbalanced classification accuracies. In this paper, we propose a transfer learning-based feature fusion technique for heterogeneous models that extracts and fuses features of pre-trained heterogeneous models and finally, fine-tunes hyperparameters of the fully connected layer to improve the classification accuracy. The experimental results of this study indicate that it is possible to overcome the limitations of the existing ensemble methods by improving the classification accuracy through feature fusion between heterogeneous models based on transfer learning.