• Title/Summary/Keyword: Reproductive system

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EFFECTS OF SUBCHRONIC PATERNAL EXPOSURE TO CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE AND ACROLEIN ON MALE FERTILITY AND EARLY EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT IN RATS

  • Oran-Kwon;Kwack, Seung-Jun;Shin, Jae-Ho;Kim, Soon-Sun;Sohn, Kyung-Hee;Kim, So-Hee;Lee, Rhee-Da;Kim, Byung-Ho;Park, Chul-Hoon;Ha, Won-Kwang;Park, Kui-Lea
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Toxicology Conference
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    • 2001.05a
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    • pp.138-138
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of the present studies was to investigate the effects of subchronic paternal treatment of cyclophosphamide (CP) and acrolein on male fertility and early embryonic development. Two approaches were pursued. The first was to perform in vivo test for observing the adverse effects of CP and acrolein on the function og male reproductive system and pregnancy outcome.(omitted)

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The Search of Pig Pheromonal Odorants for Biostimulation Control System Technologies: Synthesis of $N^1$-allyl-$N^2$-(tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl)oxalamide Molecule and Induction Effect of Pig Estrus (생물학적 자극 통제 수단으로 활용하기 위한 돼지 페르몬 성 냄새 물질의 탐색: $N^1$-allyl-$N^2$-(tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl)oxalamide 분자의 합성과 돼지의 발정 유도효과)

  • Park, Chang-Sik;Song, Suck-Oh;Lim, Jae-Sam;Soung, Min-Gyu;Sung, Nack-Do
    • Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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    • v.33 no.1
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    • pp.1-5
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    • 2009
  • To search a new pig pheromonal odorant, the $N^1$-allyl-$N^2$-(tetrahydrofuran-Z-ylmethyl)oxalamide molecule predicted by ligand based approach and molecular docking method was synthesized by nucleophilic addition-elimination reaction ($Ad_{NU-E}$) between N-allyloxalamic acid ethylester and tetrahydrofurlmethylamine. According to the evaluation results for efficiency of pig estrus control, the synthesized pig pheromonal $N^1$-allyl-$N^2$-(tetrahydrofuran-2-ylmethyl)oxalamide molecule advanced the estrus by 11.3 days (p<0.05) compared with the non-pheromone group. And from these results, it is predicted that the synthesized pig pheromonal compound will be able to increase the reproduction efficiency of pig.

Factors Influencing the Efficiency of In Vitro Embryo Production in the Pig

  • Lin, Tao;Lee, Jae Eun;Shin, Hyun Young;Oqani, Reza K.;Jin, Dong Il
    • Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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    • v.39 no.2
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    • pp.29-36
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    • 2015
  • Pigs are considered an ideal source of human disease model due to their physiological similarities to humans. However, the low efficiency of in vitro embryo production (IVP) is still a major barrier in the production of pig offspring with gene manipulation. Despite ongoing advances in the associated technologies, the developmental capacity of IVP pig embryos is still lower than that of their in vivo counterparts, as well as IVP embryos of other species (e.g., cattle and mice). The efficiency of IVP can be influenced by many factors that affect various critical steps in the process. The previous relevant reviews have focused on the in vitro maturation system, in vitro culture conditions, in vitro fertilization medium, issues with polyspermy, the utilized technologies, etc. In this review, we concentrate on factors that have not been fully detailed in prior reviews, such as the oocyte morphology, oocyte recovery methods, denuding procedures, first polar body morphology and embryo quality.

Reproduction Strategies of Clonal Plants of Potentilla conferta in Uzbekistan and Mongol

  • Huh, Man-Kyu;Lee, Byeong-Ryong
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.21 no.11
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    • pp.1297-1305
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    • 2012
  • Clonal plants combine sexual and clonal reproduction, which contribute differently to plant fitness. Reproductive analyses have highlighted the importance of clonal growth in shaping the spatial genetic structure in Potentilla conferta Bunge, a herbaceous rhizomatic clonal distributed in hot sand dunes. We investigated the reproduction system of P. conferta at two populations in Mongol and three natural populations in Uzbekistan. The measurements of 19 quantitative or qualitative morphological characters were taken on each of total individuals directly from their natural habitats. Some morphological characteristics between Mongolia and Uzbekistan populations showed a slight heterogeneity of variance. Especially, the length of internodes (LFI and LSI) and characteristics of root (LLR and NOR) were shown a significant difference between two countries (P<0.05). P. conferta of Uzbekistan has most ramets at short distance intervals 30~100 cm. In light conditions, P. conferta of Uzbekistan was significantly less resilience than P. conferta of Mogol. In drought conditions, although there was not shown significant difference, P. conferta in Uzbekistan was less resilience than that in Mogol. The core analysis indicates that P. conferta in Uzbekistan is the more resistant than that of Mongol and seems to do by sexual reproduction strategy during several strong environmental disadvantages such as drought events.

Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of Literature (Peutz-Jeghers 증후군: 증례보고와 문헌고찰)

  • Kim, Hyun Soo;Kim, Soung Min;Choi, Jin Young;Myoung, Hoon;Lee, Suk Keun;Lee, Jong Ho
    • Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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    • v.34 no.5
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    • pp.363-366
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    • 2012
  • Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is a rare syndrome with characteristic features of multiple hamartomatous polyps and mucocutaneous pigmentation. This syndrome is an autosomal dominant disease, and has complications related with polyps of the gastrointestinal tract, such as small bowel obstruction, iron deficiency anemia associated with bleeding, and intussusceptions. Many studies have reported about higher cancer risk of patients with this syndrome than those with no syndrome in the gastrointestinal tract, including gastric, duodenal, jejunal and the extragastrointestinal organs, such as gallbladder, breast and reproductive system. There are guidelines for periodic test for early detection and treatment for higher risk organs. We report a case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome patient in the emphasis of Oral and Maxillofacial surgeon's role with review of the literature.

Environmental Mercury and Its Toxic Effects

  • Rice, Kevin M.;Walker, Ernest M. Jr.;Wu, Miaozong;Gillette, Chris;Blough, Eric R.
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.47 no.2
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    • pp.74-83
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    • 2014
  • Mercury exists naturally and as a man-made contaminant. The release of processed mercury can lead to a progressive increase in the amount of atmospheric mercury, which enters the atmospheric-soil-water distribution cycles where it can remain in circulation for years. Mercury poisoning is the result of exposure to mercury or mercury compounds resulting in various toxic effects depend on its chemical form and route of exposure. The major route of human exposure to methylmercury (MeHg) is largely through eating contaminated fish, seafood, and wildlife which have been exposed to mercury through ingestion of contaminated lower organisms. MeHg toxicity is associated with nervous system damage in adults and impaired neurological development in infants and children. Ingested mercury may undergo bioaccumulation leading to progressive increases in body burdens. This review addresses the systemic pathophysiology of individual organ systems associated with mercury poisoning. Mercury has profound cellular, cardiovascular, hematological, pulmonary, renal, immunological, neurological, endocrine, reproductive, and embryonic toxicological effects.

Genetical and Physiological Mechanisms of Adult Diapause in Insects

  • Kim, Yong-Gyun
    • Korean journal of applied entomology
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    • v.34 no.1
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    • pp.20-32
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    • 1995
  • Adult diapause in insects is characterized by suppression of reproductive development. It is induced by environmental cues such as photoperiod, temperature, food availability, and other conditions Diapause-inducing environment is recognized and analyzed by the brain of the insects. The interpreted information is conveyed via endocrine system to target tissues such as ovaries, fat body, and other tissues. From this signal hierarchy of a brain-endocrine-target tissue axis, several factors are involved to express a diapause trait in a quantitative mode, even though the insects show a binomial phenotye between being in diapause or not. Recent works estimated that the number of the factors is relatively small by a series of crossing trials between high and low diapause lines. Heritability of the diapause is quite high (ca. 70%) in some species. Epistasis, sex-linkage, pleiotropism, and other nongenetic components also affect diapause inheritance. Most physiological studies have been focused on control mechanisms of the juvenile hormone (JH) synthesis in corpora allata (CA) because JH level in hemolymph of teneral adults is critical to decide a later developmental mode. Allatostatin, an antagonizer of JH synthesis, has been believed to be a potent brain message to CA for adult diapause induction.

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Four-Week Repeated-Dose Toxicity Studies of Hyrubicin ID6105, a Novel Anthracycline Anticancer Agent, in Rats (랫드에서 새로운 Anthracycline계 항암제 Hyrubicin ID6105에 대한 4주 반복투여 독성연구)

  • 장호송;서동석;인창훈;황재식;이수해;정미숙;신지순;이홍섭;유정수
    • Toxicological Research
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.375-384
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    • 2002
  • Repeated-dose toxicity of hyrubicin ID6105, a novel anthrarycline anticancer agent, was investigated in Sprague-Dawley rats. ID6105 was injected intravenously to rats at dose levels of 0.04, 0.2 or 1.0 mg/kg/day for 4 week. As a result, there were no dose-related mortality and specific clinical signs of all animals treated with the drug. However body weight gain of both male and female rats treated with a high dose (l.0 mg/kg/day) of ID6105 significantly decreased compared to control. Interestingly, the numbers of RBC and platelets, and concentration of hemoglobin remarkably increased, while protein synthesis was suppressed, which may be related to the atrophy of spleen, thymus and liver. Moreover there were severe lymphocytic depletion in spleen and thymus as well as decrease in the number of hematopoietic cells in bone marrow. Also, degeneration of cardiac muscles and testicular germinal epithelia were observed. Taken together, it is suggested that Long-term administration of ID6105 at high doses over 0.2 mg/kg/day might cause hematopoietic and male reproductive system injuries, in addition to hepatic dysfunction.

Characteristics and application of monoclonal antibody to progesterone II. Development of progesterone enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) (Progesterone의 단크론성 항체에 관한 특성 및 활용에 관한 연구 II. ELISA 기법의 개발)

  • Kang, Chung-boo;Kim, Jong-shu
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.31 no.4
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    • pp.403-409
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    • 1991
  • This experiment was carried out to develop a sensitive, rapid, solid-phase microtitre plate assay of progesterone using the monoclonal antibody to this hormone. Monoclonal antibody to progesterone was much higher titre and binding affinity about 10 times than conventional polyclonal antibody to progesterone. Dot-blot analysis of monoclonal antibody revealed a single precipitation band when reacted with anti-mouse IgM and anti-mouse K. A competitive reaction was used with a reaction time of 2 hours. The standard dose-response curve was linear through 1,000pg/well. This ELISA system approach is applicable to evaluation for the rapid assessment of luteal function and reproductive status in both clinical and research in a wide variety of species.

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Characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia coli isolated from horse (말에서 분리한 Escherichia coli의 특성 및 항생제 감수성)

  • Yun, Sung-Wook;Kwon, Do-Yeon;Choi, Seong-kyoon;Lee, Hee-Soo;Cho, Gil-Jae
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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    • v.50 no.3
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    • pp.231-237
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    • 2010
  • This study was conducted to investigate characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility of Escherichia (E.) coli isolates isolated from vaginal mucosa and clitorial fossa of 105 Thoroughbred mares suspicious of the genital disease in Korea during the period from March 2006 to July 2007. Ninety six E. coli isolates were identified as standard biochemical properties and using BIOLOG system. Fifty three isolates (55.2%) could be classified into a total of 21 O serotypes and forty three isolates (44.8%) were non-typeable with 51 O antisera used in this study. The verotoxin 1 (VT 1) and verotoxin 2 genes were analyzed by multiplex PCR. Among them, one isolate was detected VT 1 gene (130 bp). Most of isolates showed a high susceptibility in ciprofloxacin (100%), enrofloxacin (100%), norfloxacin (100%), cefoxitin (96.9%), gentamicin (96.9%), sulphamethoxazole (96.9%), nitrofurantoin (94.8%), amikacin (93.8%), nalidixic acid (92.7%) and tetracycline (90.6%). These results may provide the basic information to establish strategies for the treatment and prevention of reproductive disease in Thoroughbred mares in Korea.