• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.36-43
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• 2009

Structure is one of the most important components in designing chairs, since a chair should support the weight of users and make them feel comfortable. However, previous studies have focused on examining the materials and the techniques of processing of chairs, but less on studying the structures to facilitate human friendly use enough to influence the change of the current chair design. The purpose of this study is to analyze the composition element in structure of the chair design specifically from 2000 to 2008 the fundamentals to achieve quality chair design. This study examined 386 chairs which the most reputable furniture fair, the Milan International Furniture Fair exhibited from 2000 to 2008. 386 chairs were chosen from 72 companies which passed the popularity and ranks. 24 Components of the structure of chairs were used to annalize the 386 chairs. The structural types of chair design included 51 kinds. Among them, the most representative types appeared to be 5 kinds. Particularly, the single structure chair was comprised of 25%, its productivity has increased steadily since 2004 which indicated that the structure of chair has become simplified. According to the components of chair, classified structure types were analyzed into (1) a single structure consisting of one component, (2) a simple structure with two components, (3) a complex structure with three components, and (4) a multiple structure with four components. The majority of chair types followed the order of the single structure, simple structure, complex structure, and multiple structure. The results of the analysis on the structure of chairs indicated that the structure of chairs has been changed toward single type No. 24 and simple type No. 6+13.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.1-17
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• 2019

This study was conducted to establish a service philosophy as a major ideology in the New Economy and Society. The service philosophy, which is the ideological foundation to lead the service economy era, should be an idea that can develop the new economy society, reflecting the nature principle of the universe and human being. The service philosophy was derived based on the study of the human representative ideology and the study of the new economy and service essence. A good idea must be consistent with the principles of the universe and be consistent with the essence of the human representative ideology, so that it reflects the core principles of the universe and the core of human representative ideas. In addition, the central idea should reflect the changes of the New Economy Society in the future. Therefore, the essence of the service and the change of the New Economy Society were analyzed. We analyzed the social and philosophical significance of the macroscopic cosmology and the microscopic quantum theory of modern physics. We analyzed the essence of Oriental and Western representative ideas and derived implications of these ideas from the viewpoint of modern society where service is central. Based on the essence principle of the universe and human, we have established the service philosophy structure and derived the human, historical, social, economic, and managerial aspects of service philosophy. The structure of the derived service philosophy was presented, and discussions were conducted for future research.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.301-312
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• 2006

Experimental research revealed that the spatial dispersion of aggregate grains exerts pronounced influences on the mechanical and durability properties of concrete. Therefore, insight into this phenomenon is of paramount importance. Experimental approaches do not provide direct access to three-dimensional spacing information in concrete, however. Contrarily, simulation approaches are mostly deficient in generating packing systems of aggregate grains with sufficient density. This paper therefore employs a dynamic simulation system (with the acronym SPACE), allowing the generation of dense random packing of grains, representative for concrete aggregates. This paper studies by means of SPACE packing structures of aggregates with a Fuller type of size distribution, generally accepted as a suitable approximation for actual aggregate systems. Mean free spacing $\bar{\lambda}$, mean nearest neighbour distance (NND) between grain centres $\bar{\Delta}_3$, and the probability density function of ${\Delta}_3$ are used to characterize the spatial dispersion of aggregate grains in model concretes. Influences on these spacing parameters are studied of volume fraction and the size range of aggregate grains. The values of these descriptors are estimated by means of stereological tools, whereupon the calculation results are compared with measurements. The simulation results indicate that the size range of aggregate grains has a more pronounced influence on the spacing parameters than exerted by the volume fraction of aggregate. At relatively high volume density of aggregates, as met in the present cases, theoretical and experimental values are found quite similar. The mean free spacing is known to be independent of the actual dispersion characteristics (Underwood 1968); it is a structural parameter governed by material composition. Moreover, scatter of the mean free spacing among the serial sections of the model concrete in the simulation study is relatively small, demonstrating the sample size to be representative for composition homogeneity of aggregate grains. The distribution of ${\Delta}_3$ observed in this study is markedly skew, indicating a concentration of relatively small values of ${\Delta}_3$. The estimate of the size of the representative volume element (RVE) for configuration homogeneity based on NND exceeds by one order of magnitude the estimate for structure-insensitive properties. This is in accordance with predictions of Brown (1965) for composition and configuration homogeneity (corresponding to structure-insensitive and structure-sensitive properties) of conglomerates.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.7 s.96
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• pp.1357-1366
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• 2004

As the importance or XML is increasing to manage information and exchange data efficiently in the web, there are on going works about structural integration and retrieval. The XML. document with the defined structure can retrieve the structure through the DTD or XML schema, but the existing method can't apply to XML. documents which haven't the structure information. Therefore. in this paper we propose a new clus-tering technique at a basic research which make it possible to retrieve structure fast about the XML documents that haven't the structure information. We first estract the feature of frequent structure from each XML document. And we cluster based on the similar structure by con-sidering the frequent structure as representative structure of the XML document, which makes it possible to retrieve the XML document raster than dealing with the whole documents that have different structure. And also we perform the structure retrieval about XML documents based on the clusters which is the group of similar structure. Moreover, we show efficiency of proposed method to describe how to apply the structure retrieval as well as to display the example of application result.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.163-170
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• 2017

As the usage of smart phones continues to increase, the control UI, which users have to continue to use, sometimes finds a heavy burden on users. Therefore, in this study, we have studied the control user interface structure along with the theoretical background of the control user interface, and we have studied the role and usage of the control component based on it. Typical commonly used controls are button controls for transmission, selection controls for various selections, link controls for navigation, text controls for inputting characters, indicator controls for feedback on progress, A message control that displays information about warnings and errors, and a window control such as a dialog box. The structure of the control should be designed according to the use of the separated control to help the user efficiently use the control user interface. Based on the analysis of the theoretical usage of representative components belonging to the separated controls, we presented a new and correct way to use the control to improve the user experience. The use of improved control components will help to design the control structure efficiently and to improve the user experience.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.260-266
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• 2011

For long slender offshore structures, such as cables and pipe lines, their interaction with surrounding fluid flow becomes an important issue for global design of ocean systems. We employ a long circular cylinder as a representative case of slender offshore structure. A flexibly mounted cylinder in cross-flow generates complex vortex shedding and results in oscillation of the structure. In this paper, flow behind a circular cylinder at Re=100 is simulated. The vortex shedding pattern and flow induced motion are examined in the cross flow configuration as well as with various yaw-angled configurations. The "Lock-in" phenomenon is also observed when reduced velocity is approximately 4.0. The MAC Grid system, which is the typical grid system for Cartesian mesh and pressure correction methods, are used for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. Predictor/Corrector method is applied for obtaining a non-linear response of structure at the flexibly mounted. The existance and motion of the body is represented by the immersed boundary technique.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.3 s.65
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• pp.105-116
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• 2006

In product manufacturing industries, a recent issue is the green concept. The green concept is a complicated area. If the green concept is for products, its serious issues have to be criticized. Although the importance of the green concept has overflowed, its influences have not been disputed vigorously. So this study is to critic the serious issues of the green concept in aesthetics in product design, manufacturing, and products' prices. The green environment has four representative elements: systems, policies, minds, and technologies, but they are not in the field of design. An element of the green concept, green design is also a sub concept for design, so it should be based on aesthetics. It is green aesthetics. But since green design first appeared, it has never approached by aesthetics because it has mostly had social meanings and expectations. So for green aesthetics, to think about what makes a product, and what can be aesthetic issues among them are important. Products consist of form, structure, material, and technology. Form means different shapes in a structure, but there cannot be any specific directions for a green concept. Structure has two kinds: interior and exterior structure. While interior structure has a technological character, exterior structure is deeply related with aesthetics, but it has also no chance for green concept. Material can be divided as two also: aesthetic and technological. Aesthetics materials mean the colors, opacity, and tactile sense of materials, but they are not aesthetic issues. Technological materials are recycled materials or non-recycled materials. Even if recycled materials are used today, they are close to systems or policies rather than aesthetics. With this result, green aesthetics is a very difficult concept. Second, green products are usually 30% more expensive than general products. But every consumer has his or her own economical conditions, and nobody can coerce consumers into buying expensive green products for green environments. And green products without good quality cannot satisfy consumers. This means that green concept is not accomplished by just manufacturing green products. Third, although a lot of proposals have appeared as green design in exhibitions, most of them are close to craft because they are so hard to be manufactured. Manufacturing is the first consideration for products. These three issues are enough to explain why green concept is complicated in manufacturing products. If they are not solved, the green concept is just a fiction. So if this study proposes a turning point against blind green-oriented atmosphere, it will be meaningful enough.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.400-407
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• 2005

Reverse engineering is defined as the process where the internal structures and dynamics of a given system are inferred and analyzed from external observations and relevant knowledge. The first part of this paper surveys existing techniques for biosystem reverse engineering. Network structure inference techniques such as Correlation Matrix Construction (CMC), Boolean network and Bayesian network-based methods are explained. After the numeric and logical simulation techniques are briefly described, several representative working software tools were introduced. The second part presents our component-based software architecture for biosystem reverse engineering. After three design principles are established, a loosely coupled federation architecture consisting of 11 autonomous components is proposed along with their respective functions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.65-68
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• 2002

This study was conducted to secure the structural safety and to build fundamental data for development of controlled environment facilities in ginseng cultivation. Shading structures of ginseng cultivation were classified with materials, structural forms, and detailed setups. They are wood or steel pipe, single or multi span, and frame or cable type. For structures having representative forms and dimensions, modeling for structural analysis was builded by SAP2000. And there was almost no farm carrying out the environmental management specially.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
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• v.1
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• pp.3-8
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• 1981

The aim of the study is to find out the proper stage of the Korean traditional Mask Drama. For this purpose, the study investigates into the traditional Mask Dramas representative in Korea. It discusses the nature and the form of the stage of them, and through the analysis of the stage, extracts a unique elements for the stage of the traditional Mask Drama.