• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
• /
• v.5 no.9
• /
• pp.973-986
• /
• 2004

Reports have a significant meaning In large transaction environments, such as advanced the information technology and online environment. This is due to the necessity of generating reports within a giventime limit without restraining the operation performance of large transaction environments. In order to generate reports in large transaction environments while sa!isfying time-constrained requirements, this paper proposes a model which combines the incremental operation mechanism and materialized view mechanism using triggers and stored procedures. Further, the implementation and evaluation of the proposed model provides the identification of the characteristics of the proposed model.

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.483-492
• /
• 2007

The objective of this study is to describe scientific progresses in understanding of climate change in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) assessment reports, contributed by Working group I. Since 1988, IPCC's four assessment reports showed significant improvements in understanding of observed climate change, drivers of climate change, detection and attribution of climate change, climate models, and future projection. The results are based on large amounts of observation data, sophisticated analyses of data, improvements of climate models and the simulations. While the First Assessment Report (FAR) in 1990 reported that a detectable anthropogenic influence on climate has little observational evidence, the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) reported that warming of the climate system is unequivocal and is very likely due to human influences. It is also noted that anthropogenic warming and sea level rise would continue for centuries due to the time scales associated with climate processes and feedbacks, even if greenhouse gas were to be stabilized.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2014

Drugs may cause adverse effects, and spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports have been used as the main method of drug safety evaluation after drugs have been released. The World Health Organization (WHO) collects ADR data reported from pharmacovigilance organizations in each nations. In China, pharmacovigilance centers operate with hierarchical structure at local, provincial and national levels. Also, Japan and Korea each operate their own respective independent pharmacovigilance organizations. WHO is collecting ADR reports for herbal medicine and 15~20% of all ADRs was related to herbal medicine in China. There are status reports of ADRs for herbal medicine in Japan as well. However, in Korea, there is no ADR reporting system regarding herbal medicine. In light of these overseas cases, a spontaneous ADR reporting system for herbal medicine in Korea should be necessary as well.

• Toxicological Research
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.163-170
• /
• 2010

Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunosuppressor that is widely used in transplant surgery and the treatment of several autoimmune diseases. However, major side effects of CsA such as nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, neurotoxicity and cardiovascular diseases have substantially limited its usage. Although molecular mechanisms underlying these adverse effects are not clearly understood, there is some evidence that suggests involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In parallel, protective effects of various antioxidants have been demonstrated by many research groups. Extensive studies of CsA-induced nephrotoxcity have confirmed that the antioxidants can restore the damaged function and structure of kidney. Subsequently, there have appeared numerous reports to demonstrate the positive antioxidant effects on liver and other organ damages by CsA. It may be timely to review the ideas to envisage the relationship between ROS and the CsA-induced toxicity. This review is comprised of a brief description of the immunosuppressive action and the secondary effects of CsA, and a synopsis of reports regarding the antioxidant treatments against the ROS-linked CsA toxicity. A plethora of recent reports suggest that antioxidants can help reduce many CsA's adverse effects and therefore might help develop more effective CsA treatment regimens.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.442-455
• /
• 1987

The purpose of the study were to assist foodservice managers in complex decision making by utilizing computerized cost accounting system and to relieve managers from repetitive and routine tasks so that more adequate patient care and consultation can be provided. The scope of the computer-assisted cost accounting system consists of budget, menu planning, purchasing, inventory, cost control and financial reporting. The content of the computerized system are summarized as follows ; 1) For budgeting monthly income was estimated by calculating unit cost of each meal and forecasting serving numbers. The actual serving numbers for patients and employees were totaled everyday, and utilized as the basic data base for estimating income and planning menu. The monthly lists of meal sensus were generated. 2) for menu planning concersion factors were computed based on the standarized recipe for 50 servings. Daily menus for patients and employees which include total amounts of each ingredient and cost analyzed information were generated. 3) Daily and monthly purchasing report for each food item classified by patient and employee meals were generated. 4) Inventory transactions such as recipts and issues were totalized daily for each stocked item, and monthly inventory reports were generated. 5) Cost analysis reports for each menu item were generated into two ways based on the budget coat as well as the purchasing cost. 6) Editing new recipes and updating food costs change to the data base were carried out. 7) Financial reports were generated monthly, first-half and second-half of the year, and yearly basis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
• /
• 2009.05a
• /
• pp.748-753
• /
• 2009

Large amounts of research results are being produced with the rapid growth of science and technology. The current method for constructing the database was way too time and cost consuming. In the currently upcoming technology and knowledge society, web service is required to provide the various professional service for national R&D reports. A process to manufacture E-Book for professional service is also required. This research shows the conversion models with efficient manufacturing process and the systems related to the development through defining the National R&D reports.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.90-96
• /
• 2009

Objectives: This study examined clinical characteristics associated with bullying in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD). Methods.: Children and their parents were asked to fill out a structured self-report form regarding bullying incidents. To evaluate the characteristics of the children, the results of the ADHD Rating Scale, the Korean version of the Child Behavior Checklist, the ADHD Diagnostic system and the Emotional Recognition Test were used. The agreement of bullying data between each child and their mother and father was measured using Cohen's kappa. The association between victim and perpetrator was analyzed by calculating a contingency coefficient based on chi-square. To compare the characteristics of victimized children and didn't, an independent sample T-test was performed. Results: When children were victims of bullying incidents there was significant agreement between children and parents on the information provided on the self-reports. However, more children reported themselves as a perpetrator of bullying than their parents did. Victimization, that is, the tendency towards being a perpetrator, is associated with the higher level of parental reports of aggressiveness. Conclusion: Victimization of bullying is associated with aggression in children with ADHD. This study suggests that victimized children with ADHD warrant careful evaluation, in particular with regard to the credence placed on parental reports of aggressiveness, and management for aggression.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.27 no.1
• /
• pp.85-90
• /
• 2010

Pyogenic granuloma is one of the common benign vascular tumors of infants and children and it can also occur in adults. There are 25 reports of patients with pyogenic granuloma in the Korean medical literature. In three reports, giant pyogenic granuloma developed over 2 cm in size ($1.3{\times}0.7cm$, $1.2{\times}0.8cm$ and $1.1{\times}0.7cm$, respectively). There have been no reports in the Korean medical literature of pyogenic granuloma over 2 cm in size. Herein, we report on a giant pyogenic granuloma on the palm of a 72-year old female. The lesion was of an unusually large size of $2.8{\times}2.5{\times}1.3cm$ and we excised it by performing electrosurgery.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.7 no.9
• /
• pp.631-638
• /
• 2020

The intention of this research is to identify the effect of corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosure on firm value with profitability as a moderating variable. Data collection is carried out with data documentation that is based on financial reports and sustainability reports. All companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the 2013-2017 period are considered as the population of this study. Samples were selected using the purposive sampling method. The following are criteria that would be used in this study: 1) publish a sustainability report using the GRI G4 standard as a reference in preparing reports for 2013-2016, 2) publish a complete financial report for the 2014-2017 observation period, 3) not experience a loss during the 2014-2017 period. The total sample of the study was 109 companies. The study uses path analysis assisted with WarpPLS software version 6.0. The results show that the disclosure of corporate social responsibility has a positive and significant effect on firm value, and profitability moderates the effect of corporate social responsibility disclosure on firm value. The implication of the research is that implementing corporate social responsibility is very important to increase firm's value and firm's sustainability in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2017.05a
• /
• pp.226-227
• /
• 2017

Basic lot tests via textile and visual examinations are conducted on FA carried into in-service RMCs. The system of evaluating quality by taking samples from each lot and examining them, or evaluating quality based on the score reports submitted by the deliverer during in-service training have on some instances been called into doubt as to their reliability in evaluating the quality of FA. Therefore this study sought to measure the density value of FA that is actually delivered to RMC companies according to the Hydrometer method and analyze its correlation to its test scores, to in turn analyze the reliability of the test reports and the characteristics of the quality of FA. The results led to the conclusion that the fineness and density marked on the score reports were problematic, and therefore accurate experiments and adjustment of significant digits on the test report are necessary.