• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2000

An improved disturbance rejection control scheme is presented for minimizing the position error due to the repeatable runout disturbances in high density disk drive systems The proposed control algorithm is capable of attenuating repeatable disturbances which is one of the major detractors to hard disk drive quality and performance. This is achieved by a sys-tematic combination of an optimal feedback component and a feedforward preview component. The feedback component is designed where the emphasis is placed on robustness. The feedforward component is on the basis of a preview control comprised of a measured disturbance signals which leads to better disturbance rejection capabilites. The designed con-troller is applied as a plug-in module to a high density hard disk drive with a pre-existing conventional servo controller. Simulations have been carried out to demonstrate the effectiveness of this control scheme in the reduction of the periodic disturbances.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.2 s.95
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• pp.23-30
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• 1999

This paper investigates the radial performance of self-acting spiral-grooved air bearing, used to support small high-speed rotating bodies. Repeatable runout, nonrepeatable runout, stiffness and supporting load are selected as the performance. The clearance between rotor and stator, the stator groove depth, and the rotating speed are chosen as three main parameters affecting the performances. Force application and displacement measurement are done in a noncontact manner, in order not to disturb operation: electromagnetic force is applied to the rotor and gap sensors are used to measure the displacement of the rotor. Experimental results show that repeatable runout decreases as speed, groove depth and clearance decrease. Nonrepeatable runout decreases as clearance decreases, and it has a minimum value at $5.5{\mu}m$ of grove depth and a maximum value at speed of 18.000rpm. Stiffness increases as speed increases and clearance decreases, and has a maximum value around $5.5{\mu}m$ of groove depth. The relationship between force and displacement is linear for small displacement, but becomes nonlinear for large displacement. Supporting load is linearly proportional to the stiffness, and it is a maximum value around $4.75{\mu}m$ of clearance.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.1176-1181
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• 2004

In high-capacity disk drives with ever-growing track density, the allowable level of position error signal(PES) is becoming smaller and smaller. In order to achieve the high TPI(track per inch) disk drive, it is necessary to improve the writing accuracy during the servo track writing(STW) Process through the reduction of track mis-registration sources. Among the main contributors of the non-repeatable runout(NRRO) PES, the disk vibration and the head-stack assembly vibration is considered to be one of the most significant factors. Also the most contributors of repeatable runout(RRO) come from the contributors of NRRO which is written-in at the time of STW process. In this paper, the effect of NRRO on servo written-in RRO is Investigated by experimentally, and the experimental result shows that the written-in RRO can be effectively reduced through a STW process under low dense medium condition such as semi-vacuum.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.1234-1239
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• 1999

This research investigates the characteristicsw of NRRO in a 2.5" HDD by using FEM, modal testing and runout analysis, and reduces NRRO using visco-elastic damping material. Most frequency components of NRRO are generated by the defects of ball and rotating race, and they can be determined by the kinematic analysis of ball bearing. It also proposes the novel design of a spindle motor that can reduce NRRO effectively by inserting the visco-elastic damping material to one of the transmission path of NRRO, i.e., where the strain energy is highly concentrate. By this technique, NRRO is reduced by 27%. 27%.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.15 no.1 s.94
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• pp.39-45
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• 2005

This research develops an experimental method to measure the motion of a FDB spindle system with a 3.5' disk by using three capacitance probes fixed on the xyz-micrometers, and it shows that a FDB spindle system has the whirling, flying and tilting motion. It also shows that the whirling, flying and tilting motion converge very quickly to the steady state at the same time when the rotor reaches the steady-state speed. However, they are quite large even at the steady state when they are compared with the 10nm flying height of a magnetic head. For the FDB spindle system used in this experiment, the whirl radius and the peak-to-peak variation of flying height and tilting angle at the steady-state speed of 7,200rpm are 0.675m, 30nm and $5.758\times10^{-3^{\circ}}$, respectively, so that the radial motion of the FDB spindle system exceeds a track pitch of a 3.5' HDD with 90,000 TPI.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.136-143
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• 2004

This paper presents three algorithms of repetitive controller for compensation of the repeatable runout in hard disk drive. The basic theory of the repetitive controller and the analysis of the disturbance in hard disk drive are introduced. The tracking controller is designed in order to design the "plug-in type" repetitive controller. Design of the repetitive controller is considered as the design of the filter, determination of gain and design of additional compensation for the various types. Specially, trade-off relationship between stability and performance is important for the design. The three kinds of "plug-in type" repetitive controllers are designed, simulated and experimented. Performance and characteristic of them are compared with the analysis of the experimental results.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.473-477
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• 2005

This paper presents a highly efficient HDD (Hard Disk Drive) spindle motor with a passive magnetic thrust bearing and a fluid dynamic journal bearing and its effectiveness is verified through experiment. It eliminates the mechanical friction loss of a thrust bearing which is around 18% of total power consumption of a 3.5' HDD spindle motor, by replacing a conventional fluid dynamic thrust bearing with a passive magnetic thrust bearing. The passive magnetic thrust bearing using permanent magnets is inherently unstable in radial direction. However, the radial fluid dynamic force of the fluid dynamic journal bearing counterbalances the radial magnetic force of magnetic thrust bearing to achieve the stability as the motor spins up. It has less or equivalent runout and less flying height than the conventional spindle motor.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1159-1165
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• 2011

The recording density of HDD is increasing in ratio of 100% each year. Because the increasing of recording density requires the feature of high rotation, fixation and low-noise, fluid hydrodynamic bearing(FDB) has been paid attention to overcome a limitation in ball bearing. Most of researches related to improving performance of FDB have been studied in Japan which has 80% more market share of HDD spindle motor assembly. Main subject of studies are about for the design of the groove shape, manufacturing process of fluid dynamic bearing, performance evaluation and measurement. In HDD, non-repeatable runout(NRRO) is most important parameter which determines the performance of HDD spindle system because NRRO is unpredictable that cannot be compensated in head/slider servo system. In this study, performance evaluation system can measure dynamic behaviors were designed and methodology for calculating imbalance, RRO, and NRRO were proposed.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.16 no.9
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• pp.872-875
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• 2010

This paper describes new harmonic disturbance compensation based on a peak filter array for Hard Disk Drives. Unlike a conventional method, the proposed method does not require any sin/cos functions or tables and reduces effects of all harmonic disturbances within a nyquist frequency. Two factors are introduced to parameterize stability and a gain tune. In addition, it is verified that the order of the proposed filter is minimal. From 600 experimental results, 8.5% performance improvement is achieved.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.564-571
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• 2003

This research investigates how characteristics of ball bearing affect non-repeatable runout(NRRO) in a HDD spindle system at elevated temperature. It shows that the elevated temperature results in the increase of bearing contact angle and the decrease of bearing deformation due to the different thermal expansion rate of the components of the HDD spindle system. The increase of contact angle at elevated temperature is so small that the variation of bearing frequencies is negligible. On the other hand, the decrease of bearing deformation at elevated temperature reduces the stiffness of ball bearing and the natural frequencies of HDD spindle system consequently, which changes the amplitude and the frequency distribution of NRRO.