• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.89-112
• /
• 2002

The earliest reports of the use of electrical energy to directly stimulate bone healing seem to be in 1853 from England, the techniques involved the introduction of direct current into the non-united fracture site percutaneously via metallic needles, with subsequent healing of the defect. One endpoint of the periodontal therapy is to generate structure lost by periodontal diseases. Several procedural advances may support regeneration of attachment, however, regeneration of alveolar bone does not occur consistently. Therefore, factors which stimulate bone repair are areas for research in periodontal reconstructive therapy. Effects of cytokines or growth factors on bone repair are examples of such areas. Another one is electrical current which occurs in bone naturally, so that such bone may be particularly susceptible to electrical therapy. The purposes of this study were to observe the effects of electrical stimulation on the normal periodontium, to determine whether the electricity is the useful means for periodontal regeneration or not. Forty rats weighted about 100 gram were used and divided into 4 groups, the first group, there was no electrical stimulation with the connection of electrodes only. In the second group, there was stimulated by the 10 mA during 10 minutes per a day, in the third group was stimulated by the 25 mA , and the fourth by the 50 mA. At 3, 5, 10 and 15 days post-appliance , two rats in each group were serially sacrificed. and the maxillae and the mandible processed to paraffin, and the specimens were prepared with Hematoxylin-Eosin stain for the light microscopic evaluation. The results of this study were as follows : 1. There was the distinct reversal line on the lingual alveolar crest, whereas a little changes in the labial alveolarcrest to the duration and amount of currents. 2. In 50 mA group, the cells were highly concentrated at the apex of anterior teeth, and was observed the necrotic tissue. In posterior root apex, the hypercementosis was appeared, and newly formed cementum layer has been increased continuously with the time. 3. The periodontal ligament fiber and Sharpey's fiber were arranged in order, and the bone trabeculae were increased as the experiment proceeded by, relatively the bone marrows were decreased. 4. In the pulp tissue, the blood vessels were increased with blood congestion in the experimetal specimens remarkably, and the dentinal tubules were obstructed . 5. The osteoblasts in alveolar bone proper had been showed highly activity, and also observed the formation of bone trabeculea. In the conclusion, it was suggested that the electrical stimulation has influence on the periodontium and the pulp tissue. However, there might be the injurious effects.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
• /
• v.61 no.7
• /
• pp.210-216
• /
• 2018

Purpose: The present study aimed to evaluate progression and prognosis according to the palliation method used in neonates and early infants aged 3 months or younger who were diagnosed with pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect (PA VSD) or tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) with severe pulmonary stenosis (PS) in a single tertiary hospital over a period of 12 years. Methods: Twenty with PA VSD and 9 with TOF and severe PS needed initial palliation. Reintervention after initial palliation, complete repair, and progress were reviewed retrospectively. Results: Among 29 patients, 14 patients underwent right ventricle to pulmonary artery (RV-PA) connection, 11 palliative BT shunt, 2 central shunt, and 2 ductal stent insertion. Median age at the initial palliation was 13 days (1-98 days). Additional procedure for pulmonary blood flow was required in 5 patients; 4 additional BT shunt operations and 1 RV-PA connection. There were 2 early deaths among patients with RV-PA connection, one from RV failure and the other from severe infection. Finally, 25 patients (86%) had a complete repair. Median age of total correction was 12 months (range, 2-31 months). At last follow-up, 2 patients had required reintervention after total correction; 1 conduit replacement and 1 right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) patch enlargements. Conclusion: For initial palliation of patients with PA VSD or TOF with severe PS, not only shunt operation but also RV-PA connection approach can provide an acceptable outcome. To select the most proper surgical strategy, we recommend thorough evaluation of cardiac anomalies such as RVOT and PA morphologies and consideration of the patient's condition.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.225-233
• /
• 1996

From August 1992 to July 1996, 63 consecutive patients underwent coronary artery bypass surgery. The mean age of these patient was 57 years(range form 30 to 71years). There were 44 men and 19 women. Preoperative 12 patients had stable angina pectoris and 23 patients were unstable angina pectoris. 8 patients had previous myocardial infarctation history and emergency or urgent myocardial revascularization were performed in 9 cases. In the risk factors of coronary atherosclerosis, 25 patients(40%) were hypercholesterolemia, 38 patients(60%) have smoking history and 19 patients(30%) have hypertension history. In the patterns of disease, 9 patients were single vessel disease, 18 patients were two vessele disease and 33 patients were three vessel disease. We performed total 284 distal anastomosis(mean 3.5 anastomosis per patient) and performed one case of ascending aorta graft interposition, two cases of mitral valve replacement, one case of aortic valve replacement, one case of ventricular septal defect repair and one case of atrial septal defect repair and the mean aortic cross clamp time was 115.3 minutes. The common complications were arrhythmia(7cases), wound infection(5cases), perioperative myocardial infarction(4cases), reoperation for bleeding control(4cases) and stroke(4cases). There were six hospital deaths due to low cardiac output syndrome, ventricular arrhythmia and respiratory failure. In the evaluation of operative risk factors, preoperative intravenous nitroglycerin requirement and prolonged aortic cross clamp tirne(>2hours) were found to be predective factor of morbidity and old age(>65years) was found to be predective factor of mortality.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.35 no.12
• /
• pp.871-875
• /
• 2002

Despite early aggressive treatment, post myocardial infarction(MI) ventricular septal defect(VSD) revealed high surgical mortality. We reviewed the 10-year experiences of surgically treated post-MI VSD in Yonsei University. Material and Method: From Jan. 1991 to May 2001, 17 patients underwent surgical repair of post-MI VSD. Ages ranged between 47 and 77 years(mean age＝63.2$\pm$9.1). There were 10 males and 7 females. VSD was located at anterior in 16 patients and at posterior in one. IABP was inserted preoperatively in 12 patients due to cardiogenic shock. Mean interval from MI to occurrence of VSD was 5.6 days. Among patients undergoing early surgical correction(n＝13), mean interval from occurrence of VSD to operation was 2.5 days. In 11 patients, concomitant CABG was performed during repair of VSD. Result: Four patients died within 30 days after the operation(30 day mortality＝23.5%). Among 12 patients with preoperative cardiogenic shock, 4 patients died within 30 days(30-day mortality＝33.3%). During mean follow up period of 52 months, one patient died of unknown cause and 10-year survival of discharged patients was 66.7%. All follow-up patients were in NYHA functional class I or II when their last OPD visit. Conclusion: In the treatment of post-MI VSD, aggressive medical treatment with early surgical correction seems to be very important in terms early and long-term survival of patients.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.21-25
• /
• 2018

Purpose: To analyze the correlation between a rupture of the hypovascular zone and early single heel raising after Achilles tendon repair. Materials and Methods: From January 2012 to August 2015, 68 patients, who underwent surgical treatment for a Achilles tendon rupture using Krackow method, were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups according to possibility of single heel raises within 3 months postoperatively. During the periodic outpatient observations, the visual analogue scale, Achilles tendon total rupture score (ATRS), and timing capable single heel raises were evaluated. In addition, the preoperative defect size and distance between the calcaneal osteotendinous junction and the rupture site were measured by ultrasound in all cases. Results: Twenty-three patients could perform a single heel raise within 3 months after surgery (early single heel raise group), and fortyfive patients could perform a single heel raise after 3 month postoperatively. The age, gender, body mass index, smoking, and operation delay were similar in the two groups. In addition, the defect size and distance between the calcaneal osteotendinous junction and rupture site as measured by preoperative ultrasound were similar (p=0.379 and p=0.631, respectively). On the other hand, when the rupture site was divided into the hypovascular zone (4~7 cm from calcaneal osteotendinous junction) and non-hypovascular zone, the hypovascular zone rupture rate was significantly lower in the early single heel raise group (60.9%, 14/23; 91.1%, 41/45; p=0.003). In logistic regression analysis, the odds of the hypovascular zone rupture group being capable of early single heel raise were 0.189 (p=0.017). The ATRS score at 3 months and 1 year after surgery were significantly higher in the early single heel raise group (p<0.001). Conclusion: Achilles tendon rupture at the hypovascular zone is a poor prognostic factor for early single heel raise and might affect the prognosis significantly after an Achilles tendon rupture operation.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.30 no.3
• /
• pp.263-269
• /
• 1997

From April 1987 to May 1996, 13 infants underwent a Norwood operation for complex congenital heart diseases including hypoplastic left heart syndrome (n : 7), mitral stenosis with small VSD and subaortic stenosis (n : 1), mitral atresia with ventricular septal defect, coarctation of aorta, and subaortic stenosis (n = 1), interrupted aortic arch with ventricular septal defect and subaortic stenosis (n : 1), tricuspid atresia with transposition of the great arteries (n = 1), and complex double-inlet left ventricle (n : 2). All patients without hypoplastic left heart syndrome were associated wit hypoplasia of ascending aorta and arch. Age at operation ranged from 3 days to 8.7 months (mean 60.6 $\pm$ 71.6 days, median 39 days). The operative mortality( < 30 days) was 46% (6 patients). Late mortality was 15% (2 patients). All operative deaths occured during the Erst 24 hours after the operation as a result of cardiopulmonary bypass weaning failure (5 patients) and sudden hemodynamic instability postoperatively (1 patient). Late death was due to aspiration pneumonia in two cases. There are 5 long-term survivals (39%). Three of them have undergone a two-stage repair with a modified Fontan operation in two and total cavopulmonary shunt in one at 12, 17, 4.5 months after Norwood procedure with no mortality. Two patients have entered a three-stage repair strategy by undergoing a bidirectional cavopulmonary shunt at 3 and 5.5 months after initial operation with 1 operative death. The actuarial survival rate for all patients at the first-stage operation, including hospital deaths and ate death was 30.8% at 1 year. In conclusion, the operative mortality of Norwood operation was relatively high compared to other operation for major cardiac anomalies, continuing experience will lead to an improvement in result.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.618-622
• /
• 2005

Articular cartilage is an important target for studying the arthritic diseases. To verify the therapeutic effects of bee venom herb-acupuncture in vivo, 3${\mu}$l of diluted solution of bee venom for herb-acupuncture were injected into articular cavity once a day during 3 months after making full-thickness defects in rat articular cartilage. Histological examination and immunohistochemistry indicated that the chondrocyte-like tissue was formed during the repair process of cartilage injury, and the expression of a cartilage-specific protein, collagen type II, were significantly activated. It means that the expression of the gene encoding type I collagen was down-regulated, whereas those of collagen type II were up-regulated. Histological examination by hematoxylin-eosin staining indicated that the cells regained their original round morphology. In addition, a homogeneous distribution of articular cartilage extracellular matrices was detected around the cells. These results suggested that bee venom herb-acupuncture was very effective on the recovery of articular chondrocyte phenotype.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.29 no.9
• /
• pp.1204-1208
• /
• 2000

Objectives : At the closure of the transsphenoidal approach(TSA), the proper sellar floor reconstruction plays an important role in preventing postoperative complications. The septal cartilage, perpendicular plate of nasal septum, and the sphenoid sinus bone are usually used to repair the sellar floor as a bone splint. The authors evaluate the usefulness of a silicone plate as a substitute for bone splint to close a defect of the sellar floor. Materials and Methods : A silicone plate was used to repair the sellar floor in 7 patients with sellar lesions which included four pituitary adenomas, two Rathke's cleft cysts and one metastatic tumor. Among seven cases, five cases underwent a standard TSAs and two received a extended TSAs. The trajectories of the approach were sublabial in four cases and endonasal routes in three cases. The silicone plate for implantation was cut to a size of slightly larger than that of bone window and inserted with a three-pronged fork, and then adjusted precisely. Results : In six patients, there were no complications which related to sellar floor reconstruction. A postoperative cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) rhinorrhea was observed in one patient with pituitary macroadenoma. Conclusions : From the authors' experience, the advantages of the silicone plate are its simplicity of molding to fit any size of sellar floor defects, and easy detection of previously created bone window at reoperation.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.137-142
• /
• 2014

This article presents the successful surgical management of a failed mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) orthograde obturation of a tooth with a history of impact trauma and perforated internal root resorption. A symptomatic maxillary lateral incisor with a history of perforation due to internal root resorption and nonsurgical repair using MTA was referred. Unintentional overfill of the defect with MTA had occurred 4 yr before the initial visit. The excess MTA had since disappeared, and a radiolucent lesion adjacent to the perforation site was evident radiographically. Surgical endodontic retreatment was performed using calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement as a repair material. Histological examination of the lesion revealed granulation tissue with chronic inflammation, and small fragments of MTA encapsulated within fibroconnective tissue. At the one and two year follow up exams, all signs and symptoms of disease had resolved and the tooth was functional. Complete radiographic healing of the lesion was observed two years after the initial visit. This case report illustrates how the selection of an appropriate approach to treatment of a perforation can affect the long term prognosis of a tooth. In addition, extrusion of MTA into a periradicular lesion should be avoided.

• Journal of the Regional Association of Architectural Institute of Korea
• /
• v.20 no.6
• /
• pp.121-129
• /
• 2018

The present study analyzed what policies are being executed for deteriorated apartments in Japan and what characteristics each policy had in order to examine policy direction and implications for the improvement of vitalization of remodeling business of deteriorated apartments in Korea. The study results are as follows. Japan recognized social problems of deteriorated apartments and pushed forward a national level remodeling actively by preparing financial support of central government and supporting plan by city and province. First, Japan maintained initial performance of buildings through phased maintenance for deterioration of buildings and aimed to reduce environmental load and maintain asset values of buildings through enlarging durability of buildings by responding to lifestyle according to social changes. To this end, they promoted the long life of buildings through the establishment of systematic long term repair plan from the stage of moving in the buildings. Second, in order to reduce the risk of remodeling projects, they prepared an environment where business could be carried out with an easy mind in various aspects by introducing remodeling business registration system and large scale repair construction defect insurance system. Third, they reduced economic burden of main agents of remodeling business with tax preferential treatment and financial support policies. Fourth, they have established remodeling support system based on overall social issues and connected it with social effect that could be obtained through this. The remodeling policies of Japan were carried out in the direction of solving social problems and considering economic aspect rather than just improving individuals' residence environment.