• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6523-6528
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• 2013

Background: Cigarette smoking is the largest single recognized cause of human cancers. In Western countries, many epidemiologists have reported risk factors for kidney cancer including smoking. However, little is known about the Japanese population. Materials and Methods: We evaluated the association of smoking with the risk of kidney cancer death in the Japan Collaborative Cohort (JACC) Study. Participants included 46,395 males and 64,190 females. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine age-and-sex adjusted relative risks. Results: A total of 62 males and 26 females died from kidney cancer during the follow-up of 707,136 and 1,025,703 person-years, respectively. Heavy smokers (Brinkman index >1200), fondness of fatty foods, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), and obesity were suggested to increase the risk of renal cell carcinoma while walking was suggested to decrease the risk. Even after controlling for age, sex, alcohol drinking and DM, heavy smoking significantly increased the risk. Conclusions: The present study suggests that six factors including smoking may increase and/or reduce the risk of kidney cancer in the Japanese population. Because of the small number of outcomes, however, we did not evaluate these factors after adjusting for all possible confounding factors. Further studies may be needed to confirm the findings in this study.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.174-180
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• 2016

Dicumarol는 전동싸리 식물에서 추출한 coumarin 유도체로 vitamin K 의존적으로 항응고 작용를 한다. 그러나, dicumarol에 의한 MMP-9의 발현 및 활성화 조절에 대한 연구는 수행되지 않았다. 본 연구에서 dicumarol이 인간 신장암 Caki세포에서 PMA 매개의 MMP-9의 발현과 활성화를 조절 할 수 있는지 확인하였다. Dicumarol는 PMA유도 MMP-9의 활성을 억제하였고, MMP-9의 mRNA RT-PCR 및 promoter assay를 통하여 전사단계에서 조절됨을 확인하였다. Dicumarol에 의한 MMP-9 발현 조절에 NF-κB와 AP1 전사인자의 전사 활성 저해에 의하여 야기됨을 확인하였다. NQO1 siRNA를 이용한 knock-down 실험에서 dicumarol이 PMA유도의 MMP-9 활성 억제에 NQO1의 관련성을 확인 할 수 없었다. Dicumarol는 PMA에 의한 세포이동 및 침윤을 억제하였는데, 이러한 현상은 MMP-9의 발현 및 활성을 조절함으로써 일어날 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.318-324
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• 2019

두경부암은 전세계에서 발병률이 여섯 번째로 높은 암으로 그동안 수술적 치료를 선호하였으나 광범위한 절제에 따른 기능적 장애로 인해 항암치료에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 두경부암에서 cisplatin이 가장 많이 사용되는 항암제이나 cisplatin 내성이 문제가 되고 있다. 따라서 부작용은 줄이고, 약제내성 기전에 대해 이해하여 암세포의 사멸은 증대시키는 새로운 항암제의 개발이 필요하다. Survivin은 inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) family 중 하나로 두경부암에서 과발현되어 있다. YM155는 survivin을 억제하는 분자로 본 연구를 통해 YM155의 처리 후 두경부 암세포의 세포자멸사가 유도되며, 뇌암 세포와 신장암 세포에서도 세포자멸사가 유도됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 반면에 정상세포인 mesangial cells에는 YM155가 세포자멸사에 영향을 주지 않았다. YM155는 caspase의 활성화를 통해 세포자멸사를 촉진하며, anti-apoptotic protein인 c-FLIP, Mcl-1, survivin의 발현을 저해하는 것으로 확인되었다. YM155는 두경부 뿐만 아니라 다른 장기의 악성종양 치료법의 개발에 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.1977-1980
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• 2015

Objective: The Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHLD), an inherited neoplastic syndrome predisposing to central nervous system hemangioblastoma (CNS), pheochromocytoma (PCC), renal cell carcinoma(RCC), retinal hemangioma (RA) and renal cysts, is caused by mutations or deletions of the VHL tumor-suppressor gene. To assess VHL genotype-phenotype correlations with function of pVHL a gene mutation analysis of members in a Chinese family with non-syndromic PCCs and individuals with apparently sporadic pheochromocytoma (ASP) was performed. Materials and Methods: DNA samples of 20 members from the Chinese family with non-syndromic PCCs and 41 patients with ASP were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing, confirmed by Taqman probe. Results: Three novel mutations (H125P, 623(^TTTGTtG) and R120T) were identified in the Chinese family and in 3 among 41 ASP patients. The mutations were all located in exon 2 of VHL gene encoding ${\beta}$-domain of pVHL. The tumor type in H125P carriers and R120T carriers was VHL type 2C. And 623(^TTTGTtG) carriers presented VHL type 2B or type 2C. Conclusions: VHL gene abnormalities were identified in the Chinese family with non-syndromic PCCs and patients with APS, resulting in dysfunction of pVHL. H125P and R120T could be associated with VHL type 2C, while 623(^TTTGTtG) might be linked with VHL type 2B or type 2C. Not only is the genetic analysis helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of patients with VHLD, it is also benefitial for research intoVHLD pathogenesis.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제45권9호
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• pp.1141-1145
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• 2002

Klinefelter 증후군에서는 여러 가지 선천성 기형을 동반하지만 신장의 기형은 드믄 편이며 현재까지 49, XXXXY 증후군에서 다낭성 신이 동반된 경우가 있었고, 47, XXY 증후군에서는 편측성 신 형성부전이 동반된 경우가 보고되었으나 다낭성신 이형성의 보고는 없었다. 따라서 저자들은 신생아기에 발견된 편측 다낭성 신이형성이 동반된 Klinefelter 증후군 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.73-84
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate on the serum chemistry and the DNA ploidy changes in carcinogenesis of the rat liver and kidney. Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. Group I was non-treated control. Group II was given initiators (2,2'-dihydroxy- di-N-propylnitrosamine, 0.1% in drinking water(d.w.) for 1 week and N-ethyl-N-hydroxy-ethylnitrosamine; 0.15% in d.w. for 1 week) and promoters (3'methyl-cholanthrene; 3'MC, l0mg/kg, intraperitoneally(i.p.) twice a week and DL-serine; 0.05% in d.w. for 5 weeks, from 3 to 8 weeks). All examinations were performed at 12 and 20 weeks RBC, HGBCp＜0.05) and PCVCp＜0.01) significantly decreased in Group II at 20 weeks. Activities of ALT, AST(p＜0.05) and GGT(p＜0.01) were significantly increased in Group II at 20 weeks. Flow cytometric analysis showed hepatocyte nuclei from normal livers were predominantly tetraploid(66~67%) and then diploid(28~30%). Most of hepatocyte nuclei from carcinogen-treated rats were diploid (52~68%) and less were tetraploid(28~42%). Neoplastic liver nodules and hepatocellular carcinoma contained almost exclusively diploid nuclei. Renal cell nuclei from normal kidney were predominantly diploid(88~93%), those from carcinogen-treated rats had an abnormal DNA-content peak(aneuploidy, 6-7%), near the tetraploidy area. These results suggest that diploidy may be an effective screening marker of the liver carcinogenesis. Aneuploidy may be an useful marker in assessment of the experimental renal carcinogenesis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제46권6호
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• pp.538-544
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• 2009

Objective : Primary treatment of spinal metastasis has been external beam radiotherapy. Recent advance of technology enables radiosurgery to be extended to extracranial lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical effectiveness and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery using Cyberknife in spinal metastasis. Methods : From June, 2002 to December, 2007, 129 patients with 167 spinal metastases were treated with Cyberknife. Most of the patients (94%) presented with pain and nine patients suffered from motor deficits. Twelve patients were asymptomatic. Fifty-three patients (32%) had previous radiation therapy. Using Cyberknife, 16-39 Gy in 1-5 fractions were delivered to spinal metastatic lesions. Radiation dose was not different regarding the tumor pathology or tumor volume. Results : After six months follow-up, patient evaluation was possible in 108 lesions. Among them, significant pain relief was seen in 98 lesions (91%). Radiological data were obtained in 83 lesions. The mass size was decreased or stable in 75 lesions and increased in eight lesions. Radiological control failure cases were hepatocellular carcinoma (5 cases), lung cancer (1 case), breast cancer (1 case) and renal cell carcinoma (1 case). Treatment-related radiation injury was not detected. Conclusion : Cyberknife radiosurgery is clinically effective and safe for spinal metastases. It is true even in previously irradiated patients. Compared to conventional radiation therapy, Cyberknife shows higher pain control rate and its treatment process is more convenient for patients. Thus, it can be regarded as a primary treatment modality for spinal metastases.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.150-157
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• 2001

Intestinal absorption of dietary taurine is one of the regulatory component maintaining taurine homeostasis along with renal reabsorption, bile acid conjugation and secretion, and de nobo synthesis of taurine in mammals. Recent observations of decreased enterocytic levels of taurine in response to trauma, infection and surgical insults, postulate the possibility that intestinal taurine absorption might be impaired in such stressed conditions. The aim of the present study was to evaluate changes in enterocytic taurine transporter activity using the human intestinal colon carcinoma cell line, HT-29, in various stress-induced conditions. Pretreatment of the HT-29 cells with dexamethasone, a stress hormone(0.1,1,10 or 100$\mu$M) for 3 hrs, or with E coli heat-stable enterotoxin(10, 100, or 200nM) for 30 minutes in order to induce the condition of enterotoxigenic infection did not influence taurine uptake as compared to the value found in control cells. In contrast, pretreatment of the cells with cholera toxin(10, 100, 500, or 1000ng/ml)for 3hr or 24hr significantly decreased taurine uptake by HT-29 cells to 40~50% of the value found in untreated control cells. Kinetic studies of the taurine transporter activity were conducted in control and cholera toxin treated HT-29 cells with varying taurine concentrations(2~60$\mu$M) in the uptake medium. Pretreatment of the cells with cholera toxin(100ng/ml) for 3hr did not influence the Vmax, but resulted in a 55% increase in the Michaelis-Menten constant(Km) of the taurine transporter compared to those in control cells. These results suggest that cholera toxin-induced reduction in taurine transporter activity in HT-29 cells is associated with decreased affinity of the taurine transporter without altering the amount of transporter protein. Intestinal taurine absorption appears to be reduced in the condition of water-borne diseases caused by bacteria such as V. cholerae. This might influence the taurine status of infants and young children more readily, an age group in which the prevalence of intestinal infection is high and the role of intestinal absorption is crucial for maintaining the body taurine pool. (Korean J Nutrition 34(2) : 150-157, 2001)

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2016

A tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a protein in a cell. It functions as an "on" or "off" switch in many cellular functions. This study aims to show that the actions of growth factors associated with PDGFR-${\alpha}$, PDGFR-${\beta}$, VEGFR-2, c-KIT, and c-ABL, which are used in veterinary medicine, are expressed in canine intractable tumors. This study used archival cases of canine paraganglioma, gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Tissues had been immunohistochemical analysis. The antibodies used were PDGFR-${\alpha}$, PDGFR-${\beta}$, c-kit, VEGFR-2, and c-Abl. PDGFR-${\alpha}$ was expressed only in HCC, and PDGFR-${\beta}$ was expressed in all tumors. VEGFR was also only expressed in HCC, and c-KIT has been expressed in HCC, paraganglioma, and small intestinal adenocarcinoma. c-Abl was expressed in all cancers, but was weakly expressed in paraganglioma, while more than moderately expressed in other tissues. In conclusion, this study investigated how TKIs used in human medicine can be applied to canine intractable tumors, through immunohistochemistry. The results indicate that there may be an application for TKIs in treating canine intractable tumors.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.697-701
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 항응고제로서의 역할을 가지면서 또한 혈액응고와는 관련 없는 종양세포의 전이 등을 조절하는 것으로 알려진 activated protein C (APC)가 종양세포의 사멸에는 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$와 cyclohexamide를 병합 처리하거나 FAS를 처리하게 되면 인간 신장암세포인 Caki에서는 유의적인 세포사멸이 일어난다. 하지만, APC는 이러한 세포사멸에 아무런 영향을 미치지 못하였다. 또한 TRAIL을 인간 뇌 암세포인 T98G와 유방암세포인 MDA231세포에 처리하여 세포사멸을 일으켰을 때에도 APC는 세포사멸을 조절하지 못하였다. 그러나, TRAIL에 대한 민감도를 증가시키기 위한 kahweol과 TRAIL의 병합처리나, kahweol과 malatonin의 병합처리에 의한 신장암세포의 사멸은 APC에 의해 유의적으로 억제되는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서, 이는 APC가 항암치료의 효율성을 조절 할 수 있는 가능성을 가짐을 의미한다.