• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.347-357
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• 2013

Drug abuse has become a major social problem of the modern world and majority of these abusive drugs or their metabolites are excreted through the kidneys and, thus, the renal complications of these drugs are very common. Morphine, heroin, cocaine, nicotine and alcohol are the most commonly abused drugs, and their use is associated with various types of renal toxicity. The renal complications include a wide range of glomerular, interstitial and vascular diseases leading to acute or chronic renal failure. The present review discusses the renal toxicity profile and possible mechanisms of commonly abused drugs including morphine, heroin, cocaine, nicotine, caffeine and alcohol.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.136-142
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• 1995

This study was performed in order to certify the antidiuretic action and to investigate the mechanism of antidiuretic action of debrisoquin infused into a renal artery in dog. Debrisoquin, when infused into a renal artery, exhibited the antidiuretic action accompanied the reductions of glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow, and the decreased amounts of sodium and potassium excreted in urine, limited only to the infused side, while control kidney function remained unchanged at all. The antidiuretic action of debrisoquin infused into a renal artery was blocked by pretreament of prazosin, $\alpha$$_1$-adrenergic blocking agent, or reserpine, catecholamine depleting agent. These results suggest that debrisoquin infused into a renal artery elicits antidiuretic action through indirect stimulation of renal sympathetic nerves.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.213-221
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• 1990

Effect of Jeo Ryong-Tang water Extract on Renal Function in Rabbit and Dog. In order to investigate the Pharmacological action of Jeo Ryoung-Tang on renal function, this study was performed in rabbit and dog, making use of it's water extract. Jeo Ryoung-Tang water extract (JRWE), when given into ear vein of rabbits, produced diuresis in a small dose, but antidiuresis in a large dose. Diuretic action of JRWE accompanied the increase of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal plasma flow (RPF) and amounts of $Na^+$ in exdreated in urin, but fractional excretion of filtered $Na^+$ was not changed. JRWE, when injected into proleg's vein of dog, produced diuresis, At this time, changes of renal function were similar to that of diuresis in rabbit. JRWE, when infused into a renal artery of dog, exhibited the diuresis in both kidney. It is thought that JRWE, when given into vein of rabbit or dog, induces the diuresis, and the mechanism of it's diuresis is the increase of renal plasma flow through secondary action by some endogenous humoural substance.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.65-69
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• 2015

A 14-year-old, 7.4 kg, neutered male mongrel dog presented with vomiting, anorexia, and hematuria starting 3 days prior to admission. Serum biochemical profiles indicated severe azotemia. Computed tomography revealed loss of normal left kidney structure. The organ was 1.5 to 2 times larger than the right kidney with mixed attenuation. Histopathologic examination was performed after nephrectomy. The renal mass and mesenteric membrane were positive for vimentin and stained blue with Masson's trichrome. In conclusion, this was a rare occurrence of primary renal fibrosarcoma, most likely originated from the renal capsule, with local invasion into the mesenteric membrane.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.609-617
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• 2013

Renal cell carcinomas make up 3% of all cancers and one in four patients is metastatic at time of diagnosis. This cancer is one of the most resistant to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Studies have shown that the efficiency of interferon-alpha and/or interleukin-2 based immune therapies is limited in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma but latest advances in molecular biology and genetic science have resulted in better understanding of its biology. Tumor angiogenesis, tumor proliferation and metastasis develop by the activation of signal message pathways playing a role in the development of renal cell carcinomas. Better definition of these pathways has caused an increase in preclinic and clinical studies into target directed treatment of renal cell carcinoma. Many recent studies have shown that numerous anti-angiogenic agents have marked clinical activity. In this article, the focus is on general characteristics of molecular pathways playing a major role in renal cell carcinoma, reviewing clinical information onagents used in the target directed treatment of metastatic lesions.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.205-211
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• 1987

Renal dysfunction can have pronounced effects on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of drugs. Because the exploration of these effects in patients may be limited by ethical and practical considerations, it often become necessary to perform studies on animals with experimental renal failure(ERF). ERF was produced in rats by the administration of uranyl nitrate, glycerol, salicylate, gentamicin and folate in this study. Changes in glomerular filtration rate(GFR) and renal secretion clearance of tetraethylammonium bromide$(CL^{scn}_{TEA})$, together with morphological changes of kidney cortex were evaluated and compared among ERF models. GFR(or glomeruli) and $CL^{scn}_{TEA}$(or renal tubules) were not damaged parallelly in some ERF model rats. Therefore, it seemed to be necessary to adjust dosage regimen of some basic drugs like TEA in renal dysfunction considering the functional changes of renal secretion in addition to glomerular filtration.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.255-257
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• 2007

Familial renal amyloidosis was found in a four-year-old male Shar Pei dog. The dog had intermittent fever with signs of renal failure. Another sibling of this dog also showed subclinical signs of renal amyloidosis. Despite aggressive therapy with peritoneal dialysis, the dog died after 10 days of the first presentation. With special staining for amyloid, the renal amylodosis was confirmed.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.215-217
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• 2017

Branchio-oto-renal syndrome (BOR) is a rare autosomal dominant disorder. The features include branchial cysts, hearing loss, ear malformation, preauricular pits, retrognathia, congenital heart disease, and renal abnormalities. However, anesthetic management of these patients has seldom been reported. We report a case in which general anesthesia was performed for dental treatment in a patient with BOR. Airway management, renal function, and hemodynamic changes can be of critical concern during anesthetic management. A 13-year-old girl diagnosed with BOR had severe right hearing loss, right external ear malformation, renal abnormalities, and postoperative patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Dental extraction under general anesthesia was scheduled for a supernumerary tooth. The procedure was completed with sufficient urine volume, adequate airway management, and stable hemodynamics.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 1976

The actions of Atractylodes rhizoma alba on renal function of dog were investigated with water and methanol extract of it, utilizing clearance technique. Water extract elicited diuresis while methanol extract induced antidiuresis in the dog when they were given intravenously. The diuresis induced by the intravenous water extract seemed to be closely related to the decrement of reabsorption of electrolytes in renal tubules. On the contrary, the antidiuresis by intravenous methanol extract appeared to be related to the increment of renal reabsorption of sodium. Water and methanol extract, when infused into a renal artery, exhibited identical resposes to the intravenous actions confined only to the infused kidney, inferring that renal actions of water and methanol extract are not mediated by any endognous humoral extract are not mediated by any endogenous humoral agents. From these observations it is concluded that diuretic action of water extract and antidiuretic action of methanol extract were brought about by direct action in the renal tubules.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.561-570
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• 1993

Renal action of domperidone known as dopamine receptor blocker and effect of domperidone on renal function of dopamine were investigated in dog. Domperidone, when administered into vein, produced diuretic action by the improvement of renal hemodynamic state, when given into a renal artery, elicited diuretic action accompanied with natriuresis in only experimental kidney, whereas domperidone given into carotid artery exhibited antidiuretic action by the decrease of Na$^{+}$ excretion in urine. Diuretic action of dopamine was not influenced by domperidone given into vein or into a renal artery, was blocked by domperidone given into carotid artery. Above results suggest that domperidone produced both peripheral diuretic and central antidiuretic action, and domperidone do not block diuretic action by renal hemodynamic improvement of dopamine in kidney.