• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.41-53
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• 2021

Objectives: Cesarean sections are one of the common surgical procedures around the world. Management of cesarean section side effects, including pain, hematoma, delayed wound healing, is of particular importance in maintaining maternal health and ability to care for the baby. The tendency to use complementary medicine strategies is on the rise because of the easy treatment with low side effects. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the efficacy and safety of clinical trials performed in Iran and worldwide on the effect of complementary medicine on pain relief and wound healing after cesarean section. Methods: PRISMA checklist was followed to prepare the report of this systematic review. The search process was carried out on databases on databases of Magiran, SID, Iran Medex, Scopus, Pub Med, Science direct, Medline and Cochrane library using keywords of cesarean, pain, wound healing, Herbal medicine, acupressure, massage, complementary medicine and their Persian equivalent and all possible combinations, from inception until February 2020. We used the Jadad scale to assess the quality of the searched articles. According to the Jadad scale, the articles with a score of at least 3 were included in the study. Results: Finally, 28 clinical trials (with a sample size of 3,245) scored at least 3 on the Jadad scale were included into the analysis. This article reviewed 13 articles on medicinal herbs, 4 articles on massage, 1 article on reflexology, 2 articles on acupressure. Conclusion: According to the present review, the use of medicinal herbs was the most common method of complementary medicine in pain relief and wound healing after cesarean section.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.66.1-66.1
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1995.10a
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• pp.803-806
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• 1995

The vibration and nosic of gears is causeed by manufacting error,alignment error in assembly, and thr meshing stiffness of gears which changes periodically as the meshing of teeth process. On a pair of power transmission helical gears with profile error, the relation between the characteristics of gear vibration and the profile error type have been investigated by simulating the vibrational acceleration level and calculating the natural frequency. The results show that the profile error decrease the natural frequency by reducing the tool stiffness and that the concave error type increase the vibrationsl level. And this paper describes the effect of the tip relief on the vibrational acceleration level which a pair of helical gears with concave error generates.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.24-30
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• 2013

This paper studies the comparative analysis on two different internal cushion devices (the types of needle and relief valve) used to absorb the energy which is generated when the pneumatic cylinder moves with the load at meter-out speed control system. The effect at varying the piston velocity under same driving condition is mainly investigated. The simulation results on pressure in the cushion chamber and the dynamic behavior of the relief valve type cushion device are compared with the needle valve type. Design and performance are improved with the cushion configuration of better quality at high-speed pneumatic cylinder. Based on the relation between absorbed energy and impact energy at cushion process, cushion performance at pneumatic cylinder is evaluated.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.271-275
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• 2001

Buerger's disease is a nonatherosclerotic occlusive inflammatory disease of the small and medium arteries, and veins of the distal leg or arm. Percutaneous lumbar sympathectomy is used to lower extremity occlusive vascular disease as well as Buerger's disease. Lumbar sympathectomy improves blood flow and provides pain relief in the lower extremity. We report two cases of lumbar sympathectomy using radiofrequency thermocoagulation in patients with Buerger's disease. After no paresthesia and muscle contracture at 50 Hz, 1 volt and 2 Hz, 3 volts, respectively, radiofrequency lesioning was performed for 90 sec at $80^{\circ}C$. After the procedure, both patients showed skin temperature increases greater than $2^{\circ}C$ on the affected extremity. Both patients received relief from pain and symptoms without complications. We consider that lumbar sympathectomy using radiofrequency thermocoagulation is a safe and effective procedure that can relieve pain in patients with Buerger's disease.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.879-894
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• 2003

We evaluated the efficiencies of applying attribute selection methods and prior discretization to supervised learning, modelled by C4.5 and Naive Bayes. Three databases were obtained from UCI data archive, which consisted of continuous attributes except for one decision attribute. Four methods were used for attribute selection : MDI, ReliefF, Gain Ratio and Consistency-based method. MDI and ReliefF can be used for both continuous and discrete attributes, but the other two methods can be used only for discrete attributes. Discretization was performed using the Fayyad and Irani method. To investigate the effect of noise included in the database, noises were introduced into the data sets up to the extents of 10 or 20%, and then the data, including those either containing the noises or not, were processed through the steps of attribute selection, discretization and classification. The results of this study indicate that classification of the data based on selected attributes yields higher accuracy than in the case of classifying the full data set, and prior discretization does not lower the accuracy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.538-542
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• 1993

An approach to the treatment of post-operative pain by the injection of bupivacaine into the pleural space through an intrapleural cathter has been studied. Among 24 thoracotomy patients, bupivacaine was injected only to experimental group[ 12 patients ] when the patient was able to head up for oneself during recovery from anesthesia. The pain and ROM[ range of motion ] scores, respiration rate, PaCO2 level of both experimental and control group were measured at the time of head-up and 30 and 120 minutes thereafter.The scores of pain and ROM of experimental group were significantly[ P value < 0.05 ] decreased in 30 minutes and 120 minutes after bupivacaine injection compared with those of control group but respiration rate and PaCO2 level were not changed significantly. With this result, we can suggest that intrapleural injection of bupivacaine is useful for pain relief following thoracotomy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.65-74
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• 1998

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the mount of relief of human solar heat load and thermal comfort in outdoor environment in summer, Six different types of sites, T garden and its neighboring area in Japan, were selected as the experiment sites. The experiments were conducted from 22 to 29 August, 1994 to find the relationship between climatic conditions and human responses, Climatic conditions, subjects's thermal sensation and skin temperature were measured. Radiant heat exchange on the human body was estimated on the basis of the measured air and surface temperature and solar radiation. Thermal index Operative Temperature and New Effective Temperature was modified with the effect of the radiant heat exchange. Human thermal comfort and skin temperature is affected by the solar radiation and the sky factor in an outdoor environment. The effect of tree shade was verified on thermal comfort, The mount of relief of human solar heat load is relation to the existence of shade a solar radiation and the sky factor. The urban garden is one of the effective design element in an urban environmental planning.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.215-221
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• 2011

Purpose: Newborns routinely experience pain associated with invasive procedures such as blood sampling, venipuncture, heelstick, or venous cannulation. This study was done to provide data for a nursing intervention to alleviate newborn pain clinically by investigating the effect of local anesthetic cream during venipuncture. Methods: Participants were 70 newborns hospitalized in the nursery. Informed Consent was obtained from parents of the newborns. Venipuncture for regular blood sampling was carried out for a test on 2 groups; the experimental, placebo group. The neonatal infant pain scale (NIPS), and duration of crying were measured to assess pain reaction. All neonatal behaviors were recorded on videotape. Results: There were significant differences in pain behavior during venipuncture (t=-4.752, p<.001), immediately after sampling (t=-5.591, p<.001), 3 minutes after puncture (t=-2.469, p=.017), and in duration of crying (t=-3.005, p=.004). Conclusion: Results show that local administration of EMLA cream before venipuncture causes a reduction in neonatal pain response, indicating that the EMLA cream has the effect of pain relief.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Kynesio-taping therapy (KTT) on chronic joint pain among community-dwelling older adults. Methods: A pre-experimental design was used. KTT was employed on 23 consenting community older adults visiting a community center. KTT was applied on the painful joint for 3-4 days. Pain was evaluated using the visual analogue scale. Results: Frequent locations of pain were waist (43.8%), knee (28.1%), shoulder (12.4%), and head (9.4%). Time of severe pain during the day was mid-day (47.8%), early morning (21.7%), and evening (13.0%). Pain relief management included hospital visitation (65.2%), medication (17.4%), and application of a poultice (13.0%). Pain scores were significantly decreased after KTT compared to pretest scores acquired prior to taping (p<.001). Conclusions: KTT is a cost-effective, easy-to-use, and effective form of pain relief in older adults with chronic joint pain. Clinical practitioners can consider KTT as a complementary method of chronic pain control in older adults.