• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.511-517
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• 2016

손 부위의 인체측정자료는 시용자중심 설계의 관점에서 수부와 관련된 다양한 제품의 설계에 중요한 요소이다. 전통적인 인체치수조사에서 측정자를 사용하는 직접측정법은 측정 시간의 누적, 원천 자료 미확보, 측정자간 신뢰도 등에 대한 단점을 가지고 있다. 이를 보완하기 위한 3D 스캐너는 고비용, 이동성 제한 등의 단점을 가지고 있다. 이러한 단점들을 보완할 수 있는 사진측량법에 의한 손 부위 인체측정자료의 효율적인 수집에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 직/간접 측정 결과의 비교 과정에서 발생할 수 있는 오차를 최소화하기 위하여 시뮬레이션 환경에서 직/간접 측정을 실시하였다. 사진측량법을 이용한 손 부위 인체치수의 측정 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2014

The versions of the Oswestry disability questionnaire (ODQ) is regarded as one of the most extensively used condition-specific instruments measuring disability resulting from low back pain. It has been shown to have adequate psychometrics, reliability, validity, and responsiveness as a whole, yet the summated total score of the instrument often provide little information to rehabilitation clinicians. A keyform analysis based on Rasch measurement model is an innovative way of illustrating the specific test items that an individual may or may not perform. By applying the keyform of the Rasch measurement model to the ODQ, rehabilitation clinicians may able to select more challenging ODQ items matching an individual's ability and document them as attainable treatment goals. The results demonstrated how a keyform analysis assist to setting possible goals for the treatment of individuals with low back pain. Forty-two individuals with low back pain were recruited from rehabilitation clinics in Gainesville, Florida. A series of Rasch analyses on the 10 items of the ODQ were performed using Winsteps software. The performance of two individuals on those 10 items was illustrated on the keyform. The keyform analysis of the Rasch measurement model may be translated into a useful tool for making clinical judgements.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.377-382
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• 2015

본 연구는 노인 64명을 대상으로 Qraycam을 이용한 이미지로 치면세균막 지수를 측정하여 착색 검사와의 신뢰도를 평가하고자 하였으며, 수집된 자료를 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 측정 방법, 측정 부위, 지수유형별에 따른 치면세균막 지수의 각 측정값 사이에 높은 일치도가 나타났다. 측정 방법에 따른 전치부 순면의 Quigley-Hein index와 PCR의 평균은 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 측정 부위에 따른 Quigley-Hein index와 PCR의 평균은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.001). Qraycam 검사와 착색 검사의 지수유형별 kappa계수를 확인한 결과 kappa값의 평균은 Quigley-Hein index 0.90, PCR 0.84로 전체적으로 높은 일치도를 보였다. Qraycam과 착색 검사의 전치부 순면 및 전체 치아를 Quigley-Hein index와 PCR로 측정하였을 때, 변수 간 ICC는 1에 가까운 결과를 보였다. 본 연구 결과 측정방법, 측정 부위, 지수유형별에 따른 치면세균막 지수의 일치도 평가에서 모든 측정값의 일치도가 높게 나타났다. 따라서 Qraycam은 치면세균막 검사 시 screening 도구로서 충분한 신뢰도가 있음을 확인하였다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.99-105
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• 2019

Background: Although magnetic resonance imaging is accurate, it is expensive to measure the movement of temporomandibular joint. The three-dimensional (3D) motion analysis system is an inexpensive measurement tool. Objects: This study examined the reliability of quantifying the mouth opening and lateral mandibular shift and differences between individuals with and without temporomandibular disorder (TMD) using the hygienic method of surface markers on the skin with 3D ultrasound-based motion analysis. Methods: This study included 24 subjects (12 with and 12 without TMD). Temporomandibular joint motion during mouth opening was recorded using two surface markers with 3D ultrasound-based motion analysis. An intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC (3,k)] was used to confirm the intrarater reliability of quantifying kinematic temporomandibular joint motion, and an independent t-test was used to evaluate differences in maximal mouth opening and lateral mandibular shift between the two groups. Results: Assessment of mouth opening and lateral mandibular shift showed excellent test-retest reliability with low standard error of measurement. The lateral mandibular shift and opening-lateral mandibular shift ratio were significantly increased in the TMD group during maximum mouth opening (p<.05). However, no significant difference in maximal mouth opening was observed between the groups with and without TMD (p>.05). Conclusion: This hygienic and simple surface marker method can be used to quantify the mouth opening and lateral mandibular shift at the end-range of mouth opening. The TMD group showed an increased lateral mandibular shift movement at the end-range of mouth opening. The lateral mandibular shift movement can be regarded as a symptom in the diagnosis and treatment of TMD.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.35-43
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to develop evaluation tools for young children's mathematical ability based on the content standards of NCTM and to verify the suitability of the tools. The tools consist of 5 sub-tests with 90 items, including number and operation, algebra, geometry, measurement, data analysis and probability. The tool analysis was examined with 300 three-to five-years-old children and 31 math education professionals. The results of this research are as follows : First, in order of age the passing rate increased. The gap between high and low score group reveals a statistically meaningful difference. Second, the internal consistency reliability coefficient, Cronbach ${\alpha}$, is .96. Test-retest reliability is around .90. The concurrent validity correlation between this tools and Choi Hye-Jin's test(2003) is .85. The analysis of the content validity was proved appropriately by math education professionals.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 2012

For the highly reliable products, an accelerated degradation test (ADT) is a useful tool which has been employed in industry to obtain reliability-related information within an affordable amount of time and cost. In an ADT, as all other reliability tests, it is important to carefully design the ADT beforehand to obtain estimates of the quantities of interest as precisely as possible. In this paper, optimal ADTs are developed assuming that the constant-stress loading method is employed and the degradation characteristic follows a Wiener process. Under the constraint that the total cost does not exceed a pre-specified budget, the stress levels, the number of test units allocated to each stress level and the number of measurement (termination time) are determined such that the asymptotic variance of the maximum likelihood estimator of the q-th quantile of the lifetime distribution at the use condition is minimized.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.145-154
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• 2001

This paper deals with Activity Analysis Method that is important procedure in Activity Based Costing System Implementation. There are many existing Activity Analysis Method, for example Interview, Questionnaire, Specialist Discussion and Work Measurement. Activity Analysis Data gained through this method has high reliability but this method bring about high cost. In case that certain company needs a strategic costing system, Activity Analysis Method which has high reliability will be need. But, if companies want the costing system as a internal decision making tool only, they need to design the ABC system fast and cheaply. This paper explains that Activity Analysis using existing finn material is good alternatives. So, this paper show the feasibility of Activity Analysis using existing firm material with comparing between job description, job specification information and Activity Analysis information.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2017

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the intra-rater and inter-rater reliability of the dual rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (D-RUSI) when simultaneously measuring muscle thickness changes at rest and during co-contraction of the biceps brachii (BB) and triceps brachii (TB). Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: This study included 36 healthy participants (23 men, 13 women). The participants sat on a chair in a comfortable position with a cushion placed under their elbow to maintain a 90-degree elbow flexion angle. The muscle thickness of the biceps brachii and triceps brachii was measured twice using the D-RUSI by two examiners during resting and co-contraction states. One week later, the same procedure was performed once again. Results: The intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) for intra-rater reliability ranged from 0.887 to 0.989 and the confidence interval was within an acceptable range of 0.778 to 0.994. The standard error of measurement (SEM) values ranged from 0.303 to 0.866 and the minimal detectable change (MDC) values ranged from 0.84 to 2.40. The ICCs for inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.758 to 0.925. The SEM values ranged from 0.702 to 1.486 and the MDC values ranged from 1.95 to 4.12. Conclusions: The use of the D-RUSI of the BB muscle had a very good intra-rater reliability and very good inter-rater reliability at the resting state, and a, good inter-rater reliability at the co-activation state. ICC values showed very good intra-reliability and inter-reliability for the TB muscle. the D-RUSI is a useful tool for simultaneously measuring the thickness of two muscles when the BB is an agonist and the TB is an antagonist during co-activation of the upper arm.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.97-113
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• 2023

본 연구는 협력지향성이 추가된 사회적기업가정신 모형을 일반화하고 모형의 이론적·실무적 활용 가능성을 높이고자 측정도구를 개발하여 사회적기업의 경영자 389명을 대상으로 실증하였다. 측정도구 개발은 선행연구 고찰을 통해 예비측정문항을 구성하고 측정문항에 대한 전문가 패널 검토를 거쳐 잠정적으로 다섯 개 영역, 40개의 측정문항으로 설문지를 구성하였다. 한국의 사회적기업 경영자를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 총 389부의 설문이 수집되었으며, 이 중 분석 가능한 설문지 375부를 활용하여 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석을 실시하였다. 탐색적 요인분석과 신뢰도 분석을 통해 24개의 문항에 대한 다섯 개 요인이 도출되었다. 일·이차 확인적 요인분석을 포함한 일련의 분석과정을 통하여 새롭게 구성된 사회적기업가정신 연구모형의 모형적합성을 확인하고 척도의 타당성과 신뢰성을 검증하였다. 본 연구에서는 협력지향성이 추가된 사회적기업가정신: 사회적가치지향성; 혁신성; 진취성; 위험감수성; 협력지향성 모형을 측정하는 도구를 새롭게 개발하고 양적연구를 수행하여 연구모형을 객관화함으로써 모형의 일반화 가능성을 입증하였다. 또한 연구를 통해 협력지향성이 사회적기업의 자원동원 및 역량강화, 기회 및 성과 창출, 사회적 자본 및 네트워크 강화, 거버넌스 구축을 위한 기업의 의사결정 및 활동의 행태로 발현됨을 확인하였다. 이러한 연구의 결과는 사회적기업가정신 연구의 이론적 설명력을 향상시킴과 동시에 후속 연구의 이론적 확장 근거와 토대를 제공한다. 다음으로 본 연구에서 타당성과 신뢰성이 검증된 사회적기업가정신 척도는 사회적기업가정신을 측정하는 도구로 학술연구와 실무에서 폭넓게 활용될 수 있다. 새롭게 개발된 척도는 사회적기업가정신 관련 연구에 있어서 조직차원의 행동적 관점에서 사회적기업가정신을 측정하는 도구로 활용될 수 있는 학술적 근거를 마련하였으며, 실무적으로도 기업의 기업가적 활동을 증진하고 자생력 강화를 지원하기 위한 조직의 사회적기업가정신 수준 측정 및 진단 도구로 활용될 수 있다.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.107-127
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop an evaluation tool for the quality of nursing care in abdominal surgery patient. The target subjects of the tool were adult patients having abdominal surgery under general anesthesia. Process-outcome framework was selected for the development of the tool in this study. The results were as follows. 1. Nine standards. 40 criteria and 88 indicators were developed. A standard was summary statement of the ideal level of excellencein a dimension of quality of nursing care. which could be evaluated by criteria. Several criteria indicated a specific standard and each criterion could be measured by observable and measurable indicators. 2. The standards were divided into two dimensions. One was process dimension which contained four standards(23 criteria), the other was outcome dimension which contatined five standards(17 criteria). 3. Average CVI was .985 at 9 standards. .947 at 40 criteria. and .987 at 88 indicators. 4. The evaluation tool for the quality of nursing care in abdminal surgery patients was a criterion-referenced tool. And data collection methods of the tool were investigation of patient's record and interview( or questionnaire) with the patients. 5. Interrater reliabilities of the tool were ; r= .7572 (agreement between two raters), and pI=.8487 (intraclass correlation between five raters who rated the 84 patients). 6. Internal consistency reliability ${\alpha}$ was .6194, which was obtained from 32 criteria. Eight criteria were missed in the analyzing process because of data omission. 7. Scores of the process and the outcome dimensions showed significant. but low correlation(r= .3759, p < .001). 8. There were significant differences in total scores between the hospitals and the departments of surgery(F = 15.233. p .0001). There was also significant interaction effect between hospitals and departments to total score(F = 8.396. p = .0001). Construct validity of the toool was verified by the known-group method. these kinds of difference were expected by the nursing experts participated in the study. From these results, more specific patient classification is suggested for the development of evaluation tool of the quallity of nursing care. And indicators to be used for objective measurement for the quality of nursing care must be developed.